南通市21471例妇女乳腺普查结果临床研究

目的掌握南通市乳腺病的流行病学特点,探讨今后乳腺病的防治重点。方法主要利用乳腺专科人员触诊结合乳腺高频彩超检查,对南通市妇女进行乳腺普查,并对检查结果进行统计学分析。结果南通市妇女乳腺疾病的总发病率为39.07%,其中乳腺增生发病率29.83%,乳腺良性肿瘤4.56%,副乳3.15%,乳头异常溢液0.56%,乳腺囊肿0.94%,乳腺癌0.03%。结论乳腺增生病高发年龄组为30～49岁,乳腺良性肿瘤好发于20～29年龄组,并且随着年龄的增长,发病率逐渐下降。且不同年龄组、不同的工作性质,乳腺疾病的发病率不同。     

100例妇女乳腺普查结果分析

目的：对我镇妇女乳腺疾病情况进行调查。方法：采用超声等检查方法。结果：所查100例已婚妇女中，57例患有乳腺疾病，年龄在23～49岁的51例，占87％。结论：通过筛查可以早发现、早诊断、早治疗乳腺癌，为患者争取最佳治疗时机。     

36例多乳腺症的临床病理分析

本文对３６例多乳腺症的临床、病理资料进行分析。发现发病年龄呈双峰曲线分布。临床均表现为腋部的肿块,大部分无乳头、乳晕。病理检查：有组织学病变的病例３４例（占９４．４％）,其中以并发增生症多见。观察副乳腺增生症,发现高年龄组基本病变发生平均３．１６种／例＞低年龄组２．００种／例（Ｐ＜０．０１）,不典型增生发生率较高（２７．３％）,和正常乳腺比有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。认为：副乳腺和正常乳腺一样,接受内分泌调控,并认为绝经前期的性激素水平紊乱可使多乳腺症发病增多,病理变化复杂化、严重化。     

经乳晕切口行全乳腺切除术

１９９５年以来，我科经乳晕切口行全乳腺切除术，治疗男性乳房肥大症和女性慢性囊性乳腺病共２３例３２侧。手术保留了乳头乳晕，且乳头乳晕感觉功能保持良好，切口疤痕不明显，取得了满意效果，现报告如下。１临床资料本组共２３例３２侧，男性９例１４侧，年龄１９～２...     

乳腺X线检查过程中疼痛与乳腺密度及厚度等因素的相关性

目的探讨女性乳腺X线检查过程中疼痛的发生率及其与乳腺密度、厚度等因素的相关性。方法分别由4名女技师（A～D）对上海市163名女性体检者进行常规乳腺摄影,检查后向受检者发放一份包含检查过程中疼痛程度、乳腺密度和厚度等21项问题的调查问卷,并对上述资料进行统计学分析。结果 65.6%受检者在检查过程中感觉疼痛,其中轻、中、重度疼痛分别占53.3%、33.6%和13.1%。中重度疼痛组中,乳腺密度〉50%者占24.0%。不同疼痛等级间头尾位（CC）乳腺厚度差异有统计学意义（χ2=211.184,P〈0.001）;并且随着乳腺厚度的增加,疼痛程度也呈现递增趋势。4名女技师（A～D）摄片时所致疼痛差异有统计学意义（χ2=24.867,P=0.015）。结论乳腺X线检查过程中疼痛的发生率较高,会影响女性定期乳腺体检及乳腺癌的筛查。乳腺密度是检查过程中疼痛发生的一个提示因素。对一些乳腺较敏感的检查者可以通过控制压迫程度来减轻疼痛;改善技师的态度以及定期对技师进行培训也是减轻疼痛切实可行的方法。     

36例多乳腺症的临床病理分析

本文对３６例多乳腺症的临床、病理资料进行分析。发现发病年龄呈双峰曲线分布。临床均表现为腋部的肿块，大部分无乳头、乳晕。病理检查：有组织学病变的病例３４例（占９４．４％），其中以并发增生症多见。观察副乳腺增生症，发现高年龄组基本病发生平均３．１６种／例〉氏年龄组２．００种／例，不典型增生发生率较高，和正常乳腺比有显著差异。认为：副乳腺和正常乳腺一样，接受内分泌调控，并认为绝经前期的性激素水平紊乱可使     

乳腺结核病：附8例报告及病理分析

乳腺结核病比较少见,通常表现为单侧乳房肿块,易误诊为癌肿和炎症。临床可分为结节型、弥漫型和硬化型。此病以年轻妇女和单侧乳房多见,确诊有赖于病理检查。     

乳腺X线检查过程中疼痛与乳腺密度及厚度等因素的相关性

目的 探讨女性乳腺X线检查过程中疼痛的发生率及其与乳腺密度、厚度等因素的相关性.方法 分别由4名女技师(A～D)对上海市163名女性体检者进行常规乳腺摄影,检查后向受检者发放一份包含检查过程中疼痛程度、乳腺密度和厚度等21项问题的调查问卷,并对上述资料进行统计学分析.结果 65.6%受检者在检查过程中感觉疼痛,其中轻、中、重度疼痛分别占53.3%、33.6%和13.1%.中重度疼痛组中,乳腺密度＞50%者占24.0%.不同疼痛等级间头尾位(CC)乳腺厚度差异有统计学意义(χ2=211.184,P＜0.001);并且随着乳腺厚度的增加,疼痛程度也呈现递增趋势.4名女技师(A～D)摄片时所致疼痛差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.867,P=0.015).结论 乳腺X线检查过程中疼痛的发生率较高,会影响女性定期乳腺体检及乳腺癌的筛查.乳腺密度是检查过程中疼痛发生的一个提示因素.对一些乳腺较敏感的检查者可以通过控制压迫程度来减轻疼痛;改善技师的态度以及定期对技师进行培训也是减轻疼痛切实可行的方法.     

乳腺浸润性小叶癌9例病理-临床分析

目的明确乳腺小叶癌病理变化和临床表现的关系。方法观察9例小叶癌的细胞、组织和大体特点，分析与细胞学诊断、x线诊断、B超诊断和病理组织学诊断之间的关系。结果本病临床表现特殊，与其细胞、组织结构和发病部位有关。结论乳腺浸润性小叶癌的细胞、组织结构和大体特点是临床表现和诊断的基础。     

乳腺癌术后乳房再造围手术期的护理

目的介绍乳腺癌根治术后一期乳房再造的护理体会。方法应用乳房假体对5例Ⅰ-Ⅱb期乳腺癌术后患者行即时乳房再造。结果本组术后随诊4个月-2年,无排斥反应,美容效果好,无局部疼痛及不适。乳头血运良好,无挛缩。结论本手术方法简单,损伤小,不影响术后放疗及化疗.与二期乳房再造相比减少费用。     

乳腺神经内分泌癌的研究进展

乳腺神经内分泌癌（neuroendocrine carcinoma of breast,NEBC）是一种临床上较为罕见的乳腺肿瘤,尚缺乏明确的规范化诊疗指南,该病的组织起源尚不明确,目前主要有三种观点,其中,NEBC可能是乳腺干细胞分化为神经内分泌和上皮细胞的早期结果这一观点更被接受。NEBC临床特征及病理特征稍突出,但影像学表现不具特异性,单凭影像学难以与其他类型乳腺癌鉴别。NEBC诊断方法已经较为明确,确诊依靠病理学检查中神经内分泌标志物的检测。治疗原则为以手术为主、全身治疗为辅的综合治疗,相较于其他类型乳腺癌,NEBC的疗效较差。因此,寻求特异性高的治疗方法成为当今NEBC研究的主流,多个研究着手于对NEBC基因突变的检测,力求研发出针对其高频突变位点的靶向治疗药物。同时,NEBC预后较差,确诊该病后,应积极治疗并坚持随访,及时发现疾病新的变化或进展。     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

Electrical impedance scanning in breast tumor imaging: correlation with the growth pattern of lesion

Background This study researched the electric impedance properties of breast tissue and demonstrated the differentcharacteristic of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) images.Methods The impedance character of 40 malignant tumors, 34 benign tumors and some normal breast tissue from 69patients undergoing breast surgery was examined by EIS in vivo measurement and mammography screening, with aseries of frequencies set between 100 Hz-100 kHz in the ex vivo spectroscopy measurement.Results Of the 39 patients with 40 malignant tumors, 24 showed bright spots, 11 showed dark areas in EIS and 5showed no specific image. Of the 30 patients with 34 benign tumors there were almost no specific abnormality shown inthe EIS results. Primary ex vivo spectroscopy experiments showed that the resistivity of various breast tissue take thefollowing pattern: adipose tissue＞cancerous tissue＞mammary gland and benign tumor tissue.Conclusions There are significant differences in the electrical impedance properties between cancerous tissue andhealthy tissue. The impedivity of benign tumor is lower, and is at the same level with that of the mammary glandulartissue. The distinct growth pattern of breast lesions determined the different electrical impedance characteristics in theEIS results.     

乳腺钙化的X线诊断

根据钙化的大小、形态、数目、分布结合临床及病理资料分析乳腺钙化的 X线平片 ,有助于良恶性病变的鉴别。在111例乳腺钙化中良性病变显示为 78例 ,恶性病变显示为 33例。其结论是乳腺微粒钙化不可认为是乳腺癌的特异性征象 ,也可较多见于乳腺良性病变。如在成簇的微粒钙化中出现多种形态或不规则钙化 ,则提示有恶性诊断的价值