编织型复合材料低速冲击损伤及剩余压缩强度研究

通过应用三维逐渐累积损伤理论和分析技术,建立了适用于编织型复合材料板的低速冲击(LVI)及冲击后压缩破坏(CVI)过程的一种全程分析方法.该方法对复合材料板的冲击以及冲击后含损伤板在压缩载荷下损伤扩展的全过程进行分析,分析中把冲击后复合材料板的预测损伤直接用于剩余压缩强度研究,从而提高了最终失效载荷的预测精度,而且避免了为获得冲击后损伤状态参数所进行的大量试验,同时开发了与由MSC.NASTRAN求解器调用执行的模拟程序.     

纤维环向缠绕复合材料气瓶冲击损伤容限研究

为研究纤维缠绕复合材料层CNG气瓶冲击后损伤容限问题,采用疲劳应变比率作为损伤变量,建立疲劳累积损伤模型;对气瓶缠绕层的冲击损伤剩余强度采用开孔等效计算方法,应用Nuismer—Whitney平均应力准则,关联疲劳累积损伤函数中的最大应力与拉伸载荷下的含孔层合板剩余强度的关系,建立适用于在疲劳载荷下的含孔层合板结构剩余强度的估算方法,用于复合材料CNG气瓶冲击剩余强度的预测。结果表明,文中提出的分析模型预测结果与专家提出的复合材料气瓶冲击损伤评定标准基本吻合。     

复合材料含损伤结构剩余强度分析

考虑层压结构受冲击后的“花生壳形”分层及分层损伤引起的局部不对称性和耦合效应,并考虑压缩加载过程中可能出现的多层分级屈曲,发展一种计算低能冲击层压板受压剩余强度计算方法。数值分析表明本文的预测结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

含离散源损伤复合材料加筋板剩余强度及其修理技术研究

飞机复合材料结构在使用过程中难免遭受离散源损伤,这种损伤会严重降低结构的承载能力。针对含穿透性切口的复合材料加筋板,采用试验和数值分析方法研究其拉伸载荷作用下的剩余强度,并根据设计应变设计了金属补片机械连接修理方案,提出了一种评估复合材料机械连接修理结构剩余强度的数值分析方法。分析方法以有限元模拟为主,用壳元模拟层压板,用梁元模拟紧固件,用多点约束模拟紧固件与孔的接触,用0°层点应力准则预估复合材料破坏载荷。通过试验验证了评估方法,得到了修理结构强度恢复率。本文的研究对于飞机复合材料结构修理技术研究有一定的借鉴意义。     

泡沫夹层复合材料的低速冲击损伤及剩余强度的数值模拟

基于渐进累积损伤理论和数据传递分析方法,对泡沫夹层复合材料的低速冲击以及冲击后的压缩破坏过程提出了一种全程数值分析方法,即对泡沫夹层复合材料的冲击以及冲击后损伤的泡沫夹层复合材料在压缩载荷下损伤扩展的全过程进行数值模拟分析。结果表明:由于该方法避免了以往学者对冲击后夹层板损伤状态所做的人为假设,把冲击后的预测损伤直接传递用于剩余强度的研究,从而提高了最终破坏载荷和剩余强度的预测精度,数值模拟结果与已有试验结果吻合较好。     

Z向增强复合材料层压板冲击后压缩性能试验研究

通过对三种Z向增强(包括改进锁式缝合、Tufting缝合和Z-pin增强)复合材料层压板的冲击及冲击后压缩试验研究,得到Z向增强复合材料层压板的冲击后压缩强度,分析破坏模式和破坏机制,并与未增强层压板试验结果进行对比。研究结果表明,由于Z向增强有效抑制了分层损伤,使三种Z向增强试件的破坏模式与破坏机制明显不同于未增强试件,大幅度提高了抗冲击性能,与未增强层压板相比,三种Z向增强层压板的冲击损伤面积大幅减小,冲击后压缩强度大幅提高。分析缝合工艺对两种缝合试件抗冲击性能的影响,结果表明,与改进锁式缝合相比,Tufting缝合试件的冲击损伤面积减小了12.42%,而冲击后压缩强度则增加了13.43%,说明Tufting缝合试件的抗冲击性能优于改进锁式缝合。     

复合材料蜂窝夹层板低速冲击损伤模拟及实验研究

复合材料蜂窝夹层板因其良好的力学特性及质量轻等优点在工程中得到了广泛应用,但其抗冲击能力较差。本文研究了复合材料蜂窝夹层板受低速冲击后的变形和损伤情况,采用光滑粒子动力学结合有限元数值模拟方法分析了复合材料蜂窝夹层板受不同能量冲击后的响应,并通过试验和模拟计算结果对比分析,给出了不同冲击能量下复合材料蜂窝夹层板的位移和损伤。研究结果表明:给出的复合材料蜂窝夹层板冲击数值模型能够合理的模拟低速冲击行为,能为工程中复合材料蜂窝夹层板结构受冲击损伤的测定提供参考依据。     

层压复合材料剪切疲劳寿命预估

将Iosipescu剪切强度测试方法推广到剪切疲劳试验.以碳纤维/树脂基T300/QY8911复合材料层压板为研究对象,对三种多向铺层试件进行剪切疲劳试验.用一种疲劳损伤累积模型和自行开发的有限元/疲劳寿命分析程序预测被试多向层压板的剪切强度,模拟局部疲劳失效演变的过程,给出疲劳寿命和剩余强度预估结果,比较两种静强度准则(Tsai-Hill准则和Puck修正准则)对预估结果的影响.寿命预测结果与试验结果基本相符.     

碳纤维复合材料假脚冲击与压缩强度试验*

碳纤维复合材料已成功应用于假肢领域产品的开发,然而其对冲击载荷比较敏感,受冲击后其强度将会大幅下降。针对一种新型碳纤维复合材料假脚,开展自由落体冲击试验及冲击后压缩强度试验,分析不同铺层参数、不同冲击吸收能量等因素对其冲击损伤及剩余强度的影响规律。结果表明,对于碳纤维复合材料假脚的U形结构件,不同铺层参数对其冲击损伤影响显著,且随着0°铺层含量的增加,试件的冲击损伤面积越来越小,外观损伤越来越轻;随着冲击吸收能量的增加,碳纤维结构件的冲击损伤面积明显增大,剩余压缩强度逐渐降低。对于碳纤维复合材料假脚结构件,在0~16 J的低能冲击范围内,冲击吸收能量与其剩余压缩强度近似呈线性关系。随着0°铺层含量的增加,碳纤维复合材料结构件的剩余压缩强度逐渐提高。     

采用簇绒法缝纫的复合材料层压板抗冲击损伤性能研究

旨在对采用簇绒法缝纫的复合材料层压板的抗冲击损伤性能进行研究,分别采用碳纤维缝纫线和玻璃纤维缝纫线,利用簇绒法缝纫技术对干纤维铺层进行缝纫后,利用真空注射固化技术加工复合材料层压板,最后通过试验对比两种缝纫线在碳纤维复合材料基板中的抗损伤性能。所有试验均按照英国航空复合材料统一试验标准(BS ISO18353:2009)进行实施,并利用C扫描和截面显微照片等技术手段进行分析,最终给出试验结论。此系列板材的损伤特性,如损伤面积、损伤分布、冲击后压缩强度等均被用来评估簇绒法缝纫方式(Tufting)如何且在多大程度上影响抗损伤性能。结果显示,簇绒法缝纫是一种高效提高层压板抗损伤性能的方法,可以使冲击后压缩强度的提高30%以上。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.