一种新的惯性约束聚变用靶在线监测技术

为了实现惯性约束聚变(ICF)用靶的高精度定位,需要对靶的位姿进行监测.传统的视觉监测方法对照明、靶姿态等非常敏感,常需要人工参与判别.将尺度恒定特征变换(SIFT)算法引入到ICF靶监测领域,实现一种基于SIFT特征匹配的ICF用靶在线监测方法,实验表明采用该方法对靶位姿的监测精度可达到平移精度优于6 μm,转角精度优于0.5'.     

一种基于OpenGL的飞机部件定位系统仿真

针对一种由并联机构Tripod构成的用于飞机部件装配的定位系统,首先在Qt环境下结合OpenGL通过导入模型数据以及各部件之间的几何关系建立其仿真模型.然后利用运动学逆解以及四元数球面线性插补算法,对飞机部件的位姿调整进行分析研究,并进行验证.得到飞机部件位姿调整的动态过程和预期仿真结果.     

六自由度工业机器人位姿误差的补偿方法

为了实现工业机器人的位姿误差补偿,在分析了机器人的位置误差和姿态误差的基础上,利用修正后的D-H算法建立了机器人运动学方程,并利用矩阵法建立了机器人的位姿误差分析模型。提出一种将机械结构参数综合映射到关节角度参数的补偿方法,并设计了一套适合此方法的补偿实验。通过对实验结果的分析与计算,验证了该方法适用于机器人位姿误差补偿,大幅度提高了机器人的绝对精度。     

基于线特征差分投影的空间目标姿态估计方法

空间目标姿态估计是有效实现基于ISAR图像空间目标识别的重要前提。本文针对利用线特征二维投影进行姿态估计时,线特征投影的检测误差会严重影响姿态估计精度这一问题,提出一种基于线特征差分投影的空间目标姿态估计方法。该法利用DP算法检测线特征在ISAR图像中的投影,通过建立线特征在实测ISAR图像和姿态估计值下的仿真图像中的二维差分投影,将线特征投影检测的绝对误差转化成相对误差,有效减小了线特征投影的检测误差对姿态估计的影响;同时,利用差分投影求取姿态估计的修正量,形成姿态估计的优化迭代过程,不断提高姿态估计精度。仿真实验验证了方法的可靠性与有效性。      

基于单目视觉和固定靶标的位姿测量系统

利用计算机视觉进行位姿测量的方法广泛应用于机器人系统、运动体控制系统和精密检测系统。研究和设计了一种基于固定靶标的单目视觉定位系统和方法,用最少硬件资源实现精密定位。首先,利用图像匹配的方法检测出平面靶标在图像中的坐标,图像匹配采用SIFT算法和映射匹配方法,之后利用固定靶标的特性求取中心点。实验利用多幅图像样本验证了图像匹配的准确性和鲁棒性。然后,针对呈矩形分布的PnP问题,提出了一种新的求解方法,以靶标控制点的图像坐标和空间坐标作为输入,得到了移动物体与摄像机的三维相对位姿。实验利用五维精密位移台移动目标物体并拍摄多副图像,结果表明位姿测量系统在800 mm范围内达到mm级精度,可以满足应用需求。     

双模态信息融合的飞行目标位姿估计方法

针对在飞行目标位姿估计中背景复杂、目标提取及位姿解算精度低、速度实时性差等问题,提出了一种激光与图像信息融合的飞行目标位姿估计方法。首先,建立彩色相机和激光雷达间的坐标变换模型实现两传感器像素级匹配,对同一时刻的图像和点云进行融合处理;其次,采用Vi Be算法与深度信息融合对图像中运动目标进行提取,并根据图像目标的位置框选出对应的点云;最后,利用PnP算法进行特征点粗配准,获取点云间初始旋转平移矩阵,并采用迭代最近点算法进行精配准,利用IK-D Tree加速临近点搜索,提高配准速度。使用仿真试验和半实物仿真试验对方法准确性和稳定性进行了验证,结果显示：二维图像目标检测算法正确率为97%,错误分类比为0.011 2%;位姿估计算法与传统迭代最近点算法相比精度提高了53.2%,单次耗时从261 ms降低至132 ms,效率提升约49.4%,与其他算法相比也具有一定优势。为飞行目标落点精准预测和制导控制提供解决思路。     

多站ISAR空间目标姿态估计方法

该文提出一种基于多站逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)序列成像的空间目标姿态估计方法。方法提取各帧ISAR图像中目标的典型线性结构,结合目标轨道信息实现关键部件姿态估计。该文建立了较为稳健的空间目标ISAR几何结构分析流程,采用Radon变换对太阳能翼、平板天线等线性结构进行提取和关联,继而估计典型线性结构在距离-多普勒成像平面的姿态角变化,同时利用卫星轨道信息获得ISAR距离-多普勒投影矩阵进行线性结构的3维姿态解算,最终实现典型部件姿态的优化求解估计。仿真实验验证了所提算法可有效实现空间目标典型部件的姿态估计,同时利用多站ISAR观测数据可有效提升算法的估计精度。     

高功率激光驱动器靶定位瞄准单元技术研究进展

靶定位瞄准单元是高功率激光驱动器的核心单元之一,承担靶位姿调整和激光瞄准等功能。结合装置定位瞄准精度要求以及物理方案的实施,通过光机电设计和调试可以实现靶定位瞄准单元的基本功能,满足高功率激光驱动器开展物理实验的要求。然而随着主激光路数的不断增多,多束激光的快速瞄准和高精度定位已成为发展靶定位瞄准单元的目标。综述了国内外高功率激光驱动器靶定位瞄准单元的研究现状,探讨了靶定位瞄准设计的普适性方法,并分析了靶定位瞄准单元发展过程中面临的主要问题。     

基于多传感器融合的航天器间位姿参数估计

提出了利用单目视觉与激光测距仪混合的航天器间相对位置和姿态参数测量的解析算法。首先利用四元数测量算法,采用5个非共面特征光点和单目视觉获取航天器间相对位置和姿态参数的解析解,并对解析解进行修正;然后,将上述6D位姿参数与激光测距仪获取的1D距离进行融合,以进一步对6D位姿参数进行修正。最后,通过计算实例对该算法进行数学仿真,仿真结果表明:该算法保证了在相机标定和特征光点提取及匹配较大误差下的位姿参数的估计精度,能够满足航天器相对位姿确定精度和实时计算要求。     

基于多源点云与图像数据的车辆定位与再识别方法

针对大型桥梁车辆移动荷载监测场合中车辆的重心估计能力不足和车辆再识别困难等问题，提出一种基于点云灰度图的彩色图像与点云快速融合方法，以提高对车辆的空间定位能力和对目标的辨识能力。首先利用立体标定靶对不同视角相机和点云采集装置的位姿进行标定，获取它们彼此间的相对位置和姿态；然后利用标定的结果对不同视角采集到的点云进行拼接，得到完整的车辆点云；再将完整点云转换至彩色相机坐标系并投影，提取点云灰度图，实现彩色图像与点云灰度图的配准，将其姿态调整至与车辆实体在彩色相机坐标系内的位置和姿态一致。进一步建立彩色像素点与三维点云间的映射关系，并将颜色信息与点云相关联，从而实现彩色图像与点云的融合。利用融合后的彩色点云和相机成像模型，可以得到车辆在彩色相机坐标系中的虚拟图像，为车辆的再识别提供依据。结果显示，相比于采样一致性算法，所提配准算法缩短了约74.1%的耗时。实验表明，所提算法实现数据融合后生成的彩色点云具有较高的还原度，证明了所提算法的可行性，为解决类似的问题提供了新的思路和方法。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.