新型可紫外光固化水性聚氨酯的制备与表征

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚酯二元醇Pol-1256、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为主要原料,采用预聚体法制备了水性聚氨酯预聚体,然后用自制的扩链剂对该预聚体进行扩链,并用丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)对扩链后的预聚体进行封端,最后中和乳化,制备了高紫外光(UV)固化基团含量的可UV固化水性聚氨酯乳液。采用FTIR对产物的结构进行了鉴定,利用旋转流变仪对分散体的流变性能进行了表征,通过TGA分析了UV固化膜的耐热性能,并对其拉伸性能进行了测试。研究结果表明:所制扩链剂符合预期结构特征,所得产物符合可UV固化的水性聚氨酯结构特征;乳液呈现出剪切变稀的特征,属于假塑性流体;UV固化膜具有良好的耐热性能,同时具有较高的断裂伸长率和良好的拉伸强度。     

基于PEDA的UV固化水性聚氨酯乳液及涂膜性能研究

目的研究双键含量可调的紫外光固化水性聚氨酯乳液及其涂膜性能。方法通过直接酯化法制备季戊四醇二丙烯酸酯(PEDA),并以其为功能性扩链剂与甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚酯二元醇(POL-756T)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等原料制备一系列从侧基引入C=C双键的水性聚氨酯乳液。分别研究不同含量的PEDA及DMPA对乳液及涂膜性能的影响。结果 PEDA含量的增加会使其涂膜拉伸强度增加,断裂伸长率降低,热稳定性随之增强;DMPA含量的增加会使乳液的稳定性增强,颜色更加透明,粒径变小,但耐水性会降低。结论当PEDA质量分数为6.1%,DMPA为8.3%时,UV固化水性聚氨酯乳液具有良好的外观、稳定的性能,且涂膜的耐水性和力学性能优异。     

水性UV固化含氟聚氨酯树脂的制备及性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMG-1000)、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、自制的含氟二醇及季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为原料,通过缩合聚合法合成一种新型水性UV固化含氟聚氨酯涂料树脂。利用FT-IR对树脂固化前后的分子结构进行表征。采用粒度分析、Zeta电位分析、接触角以及各种性能测试等手段,对其乳液、光固化过程及涂膜进行了分析研究。     

UV固化水性聚氨酯基油墨的制备

将季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯引入聚氨酯预聚体的末端,制备了新型可UV固化的水性聚氨酯树脂,并以其为连接料,制备了UV固化水性凹印油墨,研究了DMPA质量分数对UV固化水性聚氨酯乳液性能的影响及UV固化水性凹印油墨的性能。结果表明,随着DMPA质量分数的增加,乳液的颜色由乳白不透明逐渐转变为半透明泛蓝光,稳定性能增强,粒径不断减小,固含量随之增加,综合考虑,确定适宜的DMPA质量分数为6.25%;制得的UV固化水性凹印油墨符合国家标准的水性烟包凹印油墨的性能要求,基本能够满足实际使用过程中印刷适性的要求。     

蓖麻油酸基UV固化水性聚氨酯的合成及性能研究

以蓖麻油酸(RA)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体(HDT)、聚乙二醇400(PEG-400)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)和三乙胺(TEA)为主要原料,合成了具有哑铃结构的环保健康的高活性多烯端基水性UV固化聚氨酯预聚物。通过调节RA和PEG-400的相对含量制备出一系列不同羧基含量的树脂。并采用纳米粒度仪、光学接触角仪和电子拉力机等仪器对其结构、性能进行表征。结果表明:增加RA含量能使合成的乳液粒径小、分布窄、储存时间长,热稳定性好,透明度高,形成的涂膜具有一定的耐水性,较好的拉伸性能。     

二聚酸聚酯二醇基可紫外光固化水性聚氨酯的合成与性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二聚酸聚酯二醇（PDFA）、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、1,4-丁二醇等为主要原料,采用季戊四醇二丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸羟乙酯分别在分子链的侧基和末端引入可UV固化的双键,制备出具有不同双键含量的可UV固化的水性聚氨酯PDFA-PU。红外光谱（FT-IR）分析证实了PDFA-PU的结构以及UV固化后双键的交联...     

氟改性UV固化水性星型聚氨酯的合成与性能研究

以全氟辛酸(PFOA)和2-氨基2-甲基-1,3丙二醇(AMPG)自制含氟长链的二元醇(FMPG),采用HDI三聚体(HDT)和二乙醇胺(DEOA)合成了六羟基多元醇(HDPO),采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)、含氟二元醇(FMPG)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)和六羟基多元醇(HDPO)为主要原料合成了氟改性的UV固化水性星型聚氨酯(FWPU)。研究了FMPG含量对星型水性聚氨酯涂层材料性能的影响。结果表明：随着FMPG含量的增加，材料疏水性与耐水性会提高，涂层材料的耐热性也会得到进一步增强，当FMPG添加量在8%时对涂层材料的太阳光谱透过性能几乎没有影响，综合性能最佳。     

TMP/蔗糖改性鞋用水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的合成及性能表征

以聚乙二醇(PEG)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为基料.三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、蔗糖为交联剂改性制备水性聚氨酯胶粘剂.通过差示扫描量热(DSC)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和激光粒度仪等考察了TMP含量对水性聚氨酯乳液和胶膜性能的影响,确定TMP在蔗糖体系中的最佳含量,并将制备的胶粘剂用于不同鞋材的粘接.结果表明,随着...     

TiO_2/石墨烯纳米复合材料对UV固化水性聚氨酯的改性EI北大核心CSCD

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了锐钛矿型的纳米TiO_2,用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯,用水热法合成了纳米TiO_2/石墨烯复合材料。采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和聚乙二醇1000为反应单体,二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,二羟甲基丙酸作为扩链剂,并以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯封端,成功制备出水性聚氨酯预聚体。将TiO_2/石墨烯复合材料引入UV固化聚氨酯体系,制备了含有不同质量分数复合材料的聚氨酯涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见分光光度计等手段对样品进行表征,分析了材料的形貌、组成、结构及光催化降解性能。结果表明,TiO_2/石墨烯复合材料改性水性聚氨酯涂料表现出了较好的光催化性能。280nm紫外光照射下24h之内对甲基橙降解率达到77.20%,而在可见光条件下复合材料对甲基橙降解率达到57.52%。经改性的聚氨酯涂层的各项力学性能有了不同程度的提高。     

TiO_2/石墨烯纳米复合材料对UV固化水性聚氨酯的改性

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了锐钛矿型的纳米TiO_2,用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯,用水热法合成了纳米TiO_2/石墨烯复合材料。采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和聚乙二醇1000为反应单体,二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,二羟甲基丙酸作为扩链剂,并以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯封端,成功制备出水性聚氨酯预聚体。将TiO_2/石墨烯复合材料引入UV固化聚氨酯体系,制备了含有不同质量分数复合材料的聚氨酯涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见分光光度计等手段对样品进行表征,分析了材料的形貌、组成、结构及光催化降解性能。结果表明,TiO_2/石墨烯复合材料改性水性聚氨酯涂料表现出了较好的光催化性能。280nm紫外光照射下24h之内对甲基橙降解率达到77.20%,而在可见光条件下复合材料对甲基橙降解率达到57.52%。经改性的聚氨酯涂层的各项力学性能有了不同程度的提高。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.