300 MW抽水蓄能电站振动监测及分析

抽水蓄能电站为电网削峰填谷的具有重要手段,监测抽水蓄能电站运行的状况和稳定运行区域具有重要意义。文中介绍了300 MW的抽水蓄能电站的振动监测装置,总结了存在振动异常的几种因素和故障频率的计算方法。结合300 MW抽水蓄能电站运行过程,通过振动分析软件TN8000,分析了机组振动故障,为机组检修和故障排查提供指导性意见,保障了机组设备安全稳定运行。     

我国抽水蓄能电站运行状况浅析

通过对我国目前几类抽水蓄能电站运行状况的具体分析,说明抽水蓄能电站在电网中发挥着削峰填谷、调频调相、事故备用等重要作用,已成为确保电网安全、经济、稳定运行的不可缺少的重要组成部分,是电网运行管理的重要工具.同时,指出混合式抽水蓄能电站将是我国未来抽水蓄能电站发展的方向.     

抽水蓄能电站在电网运行中的地位与作用

本文通过分析抽水蓄能电站的特点,从保障电网安全稳定运行、保证电能质量、促进电力系统节能等方面详细论述了抽水蓄能电站在电网运行中的地位与作用,并对抽水蓄能的发展前景作了展望。     

抽水蓄能变速机组抽水和发电工况运行范围简析

抽水蓄能电站在电力系统中承担着削峰填谷、调频、调相、事故备用等作用,对保障电网平稳运行意义重大.随着泛在电力物联网的战略推进,电网提高了对电力系统各环节的性能要求.抽水蓄能机组通过改变转速,可显著提高其发电能力和调节性能,可更充分地发挥抽水蓄能电站的作用,电网对抽水蓄能变速机组的需求愈发强烈.     

抽水蓄能电站对新疆乌昌电网调峰能力的影响

针对“十二五”期间乌昌电网新增热电机组和可再生能源机组较多、调峰压力日益严重的问题,基于系统调峰容量平衡原理和乌昌电网对抽水蓄能电站的需求分析,确定了乌昌电网应建设一定容量的抽水蓄能电站,并通过分析模拟可知,乌昌电网建设1 200~1 600 MW 抽水蓄能电站后,有利于其安全、稳定、经济运行。     

抽水蓄能电站机组涉网安评试验

抽水蓄能电站在电网安全稳定运行中,主要承担电网调峰填谷、调频、调相以及事故备用任务,机组的安全可靠对区域电网有效的电力调节控制具有重要作用。按照新机并网有关要求,机组投运前需进行相应的安全性评价试验,以考验机组的各项性能指标满足电网要求,安全性评价试验一方面是验证机组特性是否满足电网安全稳定运行的条件,同时也是第三方协助业主对机组各项技术指标和参数的评价。因此安评试验对电站机组转入投产具有重要意义。     

抽水蓄能机组检修管理的优化

近年来,抽水蓄能电站的建设得到快速发展,加强抽水蓄能电站设备管理是一个重要的课题。分析了抽水蓄能机组检修管理的现状,探讨了抽水蓄能机组的检修模式,提出了抽水蓄能电站机组检修分类管理的理念,通过对人员职责分类管理和检修项目和类别的分类管理来加强抽水蓄能电站的检修质量控制,并讨论了抽水蓄能机组检修过程管理的具体内容与要求。实践表明:加强对抽水蓄能机组检修的过程管理与质量控制,是确保机组检修质量,提升抽水蓄能电站安全运行水平的有效措施。     

新型电力系统下的变速抽水蓄能机组关键技术

随着风、光等新能源发电的迅猛发展和源-网-荷核心设备的"电力电子化"变革,电力系统正形成"高比例可再生能源"和"高比例电力电子设备"的"双高"发展趋势.在新型电力系统中,抽水蓄能机组承担着保障大电网安全和促进新能源消纳的重要使命,在电网安全稳定运行中发挥着重要作用.由于兼顾水轮机工况和水泵工况的最优效率,且在水泵工况下能够灵活调节吸收的有功功率,已在国外广泛应用的变速抽水蓄能机组在国内抽水蓄能电站的建设中备受关注,丰宁抽水蓄能二期工程准备投产两台300MW可调速交流励磁发电电动机.     

加速功率型PSS在抽水蓄能电站的应用

抽水蓄能电站对提高电力系统安全稳定运行水平、电网供电质量和可靠性起着非常重要的作用,在研究PSS2A(Power System Stabilizer简称PSS)的主要原理、主要参数及含义的基础之上,结合东北某抽水蓄能电站PSS的投运实例,分别介绍了抽水蓄能机组在发电和抽水两种工况下整定PSS参数的方法,从其PSS投运投运效果可以看出励磁系统在抽水和发电两种工况下的无补偿特性基本相同,并且通过试验整定好的同一组PSS参数在抽水蓄能电站机组的不同工况下都有着良好的效果。     

加速功率型PSS在抽水蓄能电站的应用

抽水蓄能电站对提高电力系统安全稳定运行水平、电网供电质量和可靠性起着非常重要的作用．在研究PSS2A（Power System Stabilizer简称PSS）的主要原理、主要参数及含义的基础之上，结合东北某抽水蓄能电站PSS的投运实例，分别介绍了抽水蓄能机组在发电和抽水两种工况下整定PSS参数的方法，从其PSS投运投运效果可以看出励磁系统在抽水和发电两种工况下的无补偿特性基本相同，并且通过试验整定好的同一组PSS参数在抽水蓄能电站机组的不同工况下都有着良好的效果。     

火电机组一次调频及AGC全网试验分析

结合西北电网机组一次调频及AGC全网试验情况,对火电机组一次调频及AGC试验中存在的技术问题进行了较为系统、全面的阐述和分析,对一次调频及AGC涉网技术管理工作提出相应的建议。通过试验发现不同电厂机组一次调频性能差异很大,部分机组一次调频性能不能满足电网运行要求,需进行优化和完善。试验结果表明并网机组投入一次调频和AGC功能可显著提高电网频率稳定陛,改善电网频率动态品质。     

燃气分布式电站可靠性运行现状及对策

燃气分布式发电由于其灵活、高效、清洁等诸多优点被越来越广泛应用。同时,由于燃气分布式电站在机组特性、运行管理、生产经营等方面与传统火电及重型燃机存在明显差异,当前普遍存在机组非计划停运频繁,可靠性低的特点。某电力集团针对燃气分布式发电企业可靠性运行现状,对集团内9家电厂、5种机型,总计570次非计划停运进行分析,总结了当前机组存在的共性问题,从管理、运行、技术监督的角度提出了应对策略,对燃气分布式电站前期选型、设计优化具有重要参考价值。     

中国煤电机组调峰运行现状分析

随着国家电网提出的“全球能源互联网”的加快构建，风电、太阳能等新能源发电的大规模并网，但其出力不稳定的特定使得电力负荷的峰谷差日趋增大，电网调峰压力增加。而我国目前的能源形势和电力装机结构决定了煤电机组将承担主要调峰任务。分析了煤电机组在参与调峰过程中，长期处于变工况运行时引起的各类问题，从煤电机组调峰的需求、调峰方式、调峰引起的新问题及煤电机组参与调峰相关政策支持等角度出发进行分析。结果表明机组调峰运行时，各主、辅设备偏离最佳运行工况，对设备安全、能源利用率、环境污染物排放等造成一定的影响。在此基础上，从政策制定和电网调度侧出发，提出了应对调峰问题的相关建议，以实现社会资源的优化配置。     

Difference between grid connections of large-scale wind power and conventional synchronous generation

In China, regions with abundant wind energy resources are generally located at the end of power grids. The power grid architecture in these regions is typically not sufficiently strong, and the energy structure is relatively simple. Thus, connecting large-capacity wind power units complicates the peak load regulation and stable operation of the power grids in these regions. Most wind turbines use power electronic converter technology, which affects the safety and stability of the power grid differently compared with conventional synchronous generators. Furthermore, fluctuations in wind power cause fluctuations in the output of wind farms, making it difficult to create and implement suitable power generation plans for wind farms. The generation technology and grid connection scheme for wind power and conventional thermal power generation differ considerably. Moreover, the active and reactive power control abilities of wind turbines are weaker than those of thermal power units, necessitating additional equipment to control wind turbines. Hence, to address the aforementioned issues with large-scale wind power generation, this study analyzes the differences between the grid connection and collection strategies for wind power bases and thermal power plants. Based on this analysis, the differences in the power control modes of wind power and thermal power are further investigated. Finally, the stability of different control modes is analyzed through simulation. The findings can be beneficial for the planning and development of large-scale wind power generation farms.     

基于高温熔盐储热的火电机组灵活性改造技术及其应用前景分析

  目的  在分析常规火电机组灵活性改造方案存在问题的基础上,提出了一种新型的灵活性改造技术方案,即在传统的“锅炉-汽机”热力系统中嵌入大容量高温熔盐储热系统,削弱原本刚性联系的“炉机耦合”,实现火电机组深度调峰和灵活运行。  方法  根据汽、水和熔盐的不同热力特性,利用热力平衡原理,建立了“锅炉-高温储热-汽机”一体化热力系统。  结果  研究表明:火电机组进行高温熔盐储热改造,将极大地提高其深度调峰能力,且能解决常规改造方案存在的问题;同时,机组改造后对外提供高参数工业供汽的能力将得到大幅度提高,这将有效提高电厂经济效益,弥补调峰补偿机制的不足;高温熔盐储热技术也可以应用于火电机组延寿改造,不仅增加系统灵活调峰电源,还可以使老旧电厂企业资产继续发挥效益。  结论  在系统中选择一批火电机组进行大规模高温储热技术改造,可以在不增加煤炭总消费量的基础上,为系统提供大量灵活调峰电源,有效缓解新能源电力消纳问题;同时汽轮发电机组的容量被保留,可为电力系统提供备用容量和转动惯量,保障电力供应和系统安全稳定。该技术的推广,将有力促进火电厂转型升级,助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标。     

对自备电厂管理的若干问题探讨

近年来电力紧缺,一些用电企业建了一批中小型机组的自备电厂,由于数量较多,缺乏有效管理,并网运行后影响到电力系统的安全经济。为此,本文对自备电厂作了分类及要求,以便于界定;并提出了关于自备电厂建设和加强对自备电厂管理的一些建议、要求和措施。     

燃气轮机气路调节系统故障研究

压气机是燃气轮机的重要设备,其性能的高低直接影响燃机最大输出能力及性能,而压气机进口可转导叶开度的变化,对提升压气机的运行效率及联合循环能效水平具有重要影响。目前可转导叶调节系统由于设备复杂、频繁动作,存在潜在故障风险。针对气路调节系统故障,从系统结构和装配标准角度提出分析故障的方法,并在同类型机组进行推广应用,结果表明该方法可以快速实现故障诊断,帮助检修人员尽早发现故障部件和部位。针对此类设计结构问题,给出设计制造优化建议,并从现场安装、停机检修、运行维护方面提出综合运维策略,保证机组安全稳定运行,为今后相似机组运维提供参考。     

Prospect of new pumped-storage power station

In this paper, a new type of pumped-storage power station with faster response speed, wider regulation range, and better stability is proposed. The operational flexible of the traditional pumped-storage power station can be improved with variable-speed pumped-storage technology. Combined with chemical energy storage, the failure to achieve second-order response speed and the insufficient safety and reliability of pumped-storage power units could be solved. With the better solar energy and site resources, the integrated performance can be improved by an optical storage system installed in future pumped-storage stations. Through the characteristics analysis of the new type of pumped-storage power station, three types of optimal station locations are proposed, namely, the load concentration area, new energy concentration area, and ultra- high-voltage direct current receiver area. Taking the new pumped-storage power station as an example, the advantages of multi-energy cooperation and joint operation are analyzed. It can be predicted that the frequency and load regulation of the power grid will be more flexible, and the service capacity to the main power grid will be much stronger in the future.     

Lifetime management for mechanical systems,structures and components in nuclear power plants

Guidelines, codes and standards contain regulations and requirements with respect to the quality of mechanical systems, structures and components (SSC) of nuclear power plants. These concern safe operation during the total lifetime (lifetime management), safety against ageing phenomena (ageing management) as well as proof of integrity (e.g. break exclusion or avoidance of fracture). Within this field the ageing management is a key element. Depending on the safety-relevance of the SSC under observation including preventive maintenance various tasks are required in particular to clarify the mechanisms which contribute system-specifically to the damage of the components and systems and to define their controlling parameters which have to be monitored and checked. Appropriate continuous or discontinuous measures are to be considered in this connection. The approach to ensure a high standard of quality in operation and the management of the technical and organisational aspects are demonstrated and explained.     

On the operation strategy of steam power plants working at variable load: Technical and economic issues

The context of the deregulated energy market leads to high competitiveness among producers and requires suitable strategies in plants and systems management: strongly irregular and discontinuous operation is required in order to meet the user demand and produce energy mainly during peak hours, when the electricity price is higher. This operation strategy is generally asked of all power plants, not only those traditionally devoted to load regulation and peak request, but also those originally designed to cover the base load (steam power plants, for example). As a consequence, greater income is ensured in the short term, but a reduction in the lifetime of the most critical components is likely to occur, due to creep and thermo-mechanical fatigue loadings. This will cause additional costs associated with unplanned maintenance and unavailability of the plant if a failure occurs.This paper presents a procedure aimed at evaluating this extra cost related to flexible operation, and at assisting the management decision about power plants’ operation and maintenance scheduling. The procedure, on the basis of the historical data, predicts the residual life of the most critical components, considering the effects of creep, thermo-mechanical fatigue, welding, corrosion and oxidation. It also permits one to choose different future strategies for plant management and evaluate the residual life and the economic effects for each of them. An example of application to a real steam power plant will also be presented.