熔模铸造质量控制的若干工艺措施

介绍了熔模铸造中校正插块的施放、二元复合芯的应用和透气砖吹氩气的工艺措施等.为了实现铸件质量过程控制,采取提高铸件局部位置尺寸精度,减少铸件内腔缺陷,实现钢液熔炼纯净等措施.切实地解决了生产中的难点和质量隐患,使铸件的品质得到提升,达到精铸件质量控制要求.     

鞍钢纯净钢的生产与质量控制

结合鞍钢生产实践,着重阐述了鞍钢纯净钢的生产工艺,从精炼设施耐火材料的选择和中间包冶金两方面分析了提高纯净钢的质量控制措施。结果表明,精炼工艺RH炉、LF炉及VD的组合使用,可以明显降低钢液中杂质元素的含量及夹杂物的形态、大小和数量;而精炼设备耐火材料恰当的选择和中间包冶金功能的合理运用,包括钢液保护浇注、加大中间包容量、改进中间包覆盖渣的性能及控制中间包钢液流动等,能有效促进钢中夹杂物的上浮和去除。     

20~#锅炉钢在碳酸丙烯酯稀液中的腐蚀行为的研究

用电化学方法对20~#锅炉钢在碳酸内烯酯的稀液中的腐蚀行为进行了研究结果表明20~#锅炉钢在该稀液中的腐蚀反应受阴极过程控制:静态时由溶解氧的扩散、氢离子及三价铁离子的活化极化共同控制;而动态时则主要由溶解氧的扩散所控制.     

薄板坯连铸连轧过程控制技术的发展、应用及展望

薄板坯连铸连轧面临品种和规格拓展、产品质量提升、生产成本降低及智能化生产等方面的改进以提升产线竞争力。从辊底式隧道加热炉智能燃烧系统、高精度轧制过程控制模型、兼顾全幅宽和多目标的板形综合控制技术3个方面,介绍了薄板坯连铸连轧过程控制关键共性技术的研发进展,并通过数据网关+双系统并行的在线替换模式,实现了新的过程控制技术零停机时间的工业应用。新技术应用后,加热炉实现了全自动烧钢,吨钢煤气消耗下降了19.4%,氧化烧损下降了3.8%,钢坯加热质量大幅度提升;在设备及其他系统不变的情况下,轧线产品质量及轧制稳定性显著提高,薄规格生产能力由2.0 mm扩展至1.2 mm,实现了双流异钢种交叉混合轧制和铁素体轧制,非计划过渡材显著减少,重点计划执行率由20%提高到95%以上,整体提升了薄板坯连铸连轧流程的效益和竞争力。最后,对薄板坯连铸连轧过程控制技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

X100管线钢在酸性土壤模拟溶液中的应力腐蚀行为

采用慢拉伸(SSRT)、动电位极化和SEM观察等方法,研究了在不同的阴极保护电位条件下X100钢在酸性土壤模拟溶液中的应力腐蚀行为.结果表明,X100钢发生穿晶裂纹的应力腐蚀,裂纹的萌生和发展与阴极保护电位有关.完全阳极过程控制时,X100钢无裂纹出现,但出现晶间腐蚀;在混合过程控制时,应力腐蚀敏感性较低,裂纹发展缓慢;在完全阴极过程控制时,氢脆机制起主要作用,裂纹扩展迅速.     

燃机轮盘锻件用30Cr2Ni4MoV钢冶炼工艺研究及冶金质量评价

介绍了燃机轮盘用30Cr2Ni4MoV超纯净钢的冶炼工艺措施、过程控制及质量评价。通过制定严谨的工艺、精细化的过程控制,所有产品一次性合格。     

X70钢在酸性土壤模拟溶液中的应力腐蚀行为

在不同的阴极保护电位下,采用慢应变速率拉伸实验、动电位极化方法以及SEM研究了X70钢在酸性土壤模拟溶液中的应力腐蚀行为.结果表明: X70钢发生穿晶应力腐蚀裂纹;应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)萌生与外加保护电位有关,完全受阳极过程控制时X70钢的SCC敏感性较低,但会发生点蚀和严重的均匀腐蚀;受混合电极过程控制和全受阴极过程控制时均能发生SCC;受混合电极过程控制时,SCC二次裂纹与点蚀伴生,裂纹形核密度大;而完全受阴极过程控制时,SCC裂纹附近未见点蚀坑,裂纹形核密度低;混合电极过程控制时比完全阴极电极过程控制下更容易发生SCC裂纹.     

火电机组焊接技术的发展及质量控制

介绍了火力发电机组材料的发展、焊接技术的发展特点、焊接质量控制三部分内容。材料发展部分包括普通碳素钢、低合金热强钢、9Cr1Mo钢、T91/P91钢、T92/P92钢、新型奥氏体耐热钢等6个阶段;技术发展特点包括有5个特点:焊接工作量也不断增大,焊接管理逐步走向专业化管理的模式;新的钢材层出不穷,随着发电机组规模压力增大、温度提高,各种新钢种应运而生;焊接质量更注重过程控制;新设备、新工艺层出不穷;焊接管理更加规范化、制度化。质量控制部分从人员、机具、材料、方法、环境五个方面提出了相应控制措施。     

薄板坯连铸连轧过程控制技术的发展、应用及展望

薄板坯连铸连轧面临品种和规格拓展、产品质量提升、生产成本降低及智能化生产等方面的改进以提升产线竞争力。从辊底式隧道加热炉智能燃烧系统、高精度轧制过程控制模型、兼顾全幅宽和多目标的板形综合控制技术3个方面，介绍了薄板坯连铸连轧过程控制关键共性技术的研发进展，并通过数据网关+双系统并行的在线替换模式，实现了新的过程控制技术零停机时间的工业应用。新技术应用后，加热炉实现了全自动烧钢，吨钢煤气消耗下降了19.4%，氧化烧损下降了3.8%，钢坯加热质量大幅度提升；在设备及其他系统不变的情况下，轧线产品质量及轧制稳定性显著提高，薄规格生产能力由2.0 mm扩展至1.2 mm，实现了双流异钢种交叉混合轧制和铁素体轧制，非计划过渡材显著减少，重点计划执行率由20%提高到95%以上，整体提升了薄板坯连铸连轧流程的效益和竞争力。最后，对薄板坯连铸连轧过程控制技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

Y12Cr13易切削不锈钢气孔缺陷分析及工艺改进措施

针对高S Y12Cr13易切削不锈钢连铸方坯产生的气孔缺陷,采用低倍检验、扫描电镜对缺陷处进行检测分析。通过理论计算以及相关验证试验,分析钢液中N2、H2、CO气体与气孔缺陷相关性,采用排除法最终确定具体原因。综合分析试验结果表明：Y12Cr13不锈钢连铸方坯气孔缺陷是由于钢液中发生C-O反应生成CO气泡所致,采取降低钢液中游离O质量分数的工艺改进措施可有效减少连铸方坯的气孔缺陷。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.