铝电解槽内衬材料导热系数的测定

在工业铝电解槽上,内衬材料占有很重要的地位。内衬材料的性能对铝电解槽的热量损失尤其重要,其导热系数是计算热平衡的重要数据之一。对于导热系数的测量方法有很多种,本文是根据YB/T059-91[1],在实验室原有仪器[2]的基础上设计了测量装置,并对某铝电解厂的筑炉和刨炉材料的导热系数进行了测量和分析。     

多孔泡沫铝的传热性能

根据多孔铝导热原理,利用泡沫铝导热系数测量装置,测定了一定尺寸、孔径孔隙率泡沫铝试样导热系数.研究发现:孔隙率是影响多孔铝导热性能的主要结构因素.随着孔隙率的增大,多孔铝的导热系数下降;孔径也对多孔铝的导热系数有着不容忽视的影响,在孔隙率不变的条件下,孔径增大导热系数增大.     

浅议延长铝电解槽寿命的技术方案及实践

分析了影响铝电解槽寿命的因素，提出优化槽内衬材料、改进电解槽焙烧方法和前期技术管理模式等延长铝电解槽寿命的综合技术方案，并对这一方案在实践中的应用效果进行了评价。     

材料导热系数对镁电解槽能量平衡的影响

能量平衡是镁电解槽设计的基础,本文研究了材料导热系数对电解槽能量平衡的影响.结果表明:材料导热系数增加时,镁电解槽能量输入基本不变,而总散热量随之增加.当阳极、阴极、耐火砖导热系数分别增加时,该材料所在散热面的散热量增加,其余散热面的散热量也有小幅增加,石棉板、保温砖、槽盖导热系数分别增加时,除该材料所在散热面的散热量增加外,其余散热面的散热量却小幅下降,两者之间的差别可用电解槽的传热过程加以解释.     

浅议延长铝电解槽寿命的技术方案及实践

分析了影响铝电解槽寿命的因素,提出优化槽内衬材料、改进电解槽焙烧方法和前期技术管理模式等延长铝电解槽寿命的综合技术方案,并对这一方案在实践中的应用效果进行了评价。     

烟气焙烧技术在铝电解槽上的应用

本文介绍了烟气焙烧铝电解槽的原理、装置及加热制度，并在240kA系列铝电解槽进行了应用，结果表明烟气焙烧能够使阴极焙烧温度缓慢均匀上升，内衬结构得以焦化烧结，焙烧成本较为低廉，是比较理想的焙烧方法。     

铝电解槽阴极内衬材料及结构的改进

论述了近年来铝电解槽设计中阴极内衬材料和结构形式的改进,通过对比说明新型阴极内衬材料及结构形式所具有的优点以及应用的必要性.     

铝电解槽用干粉防渗材料的研究及应用现状

本文主要论述了国内外铝电解槽用于干粉防渗材料的研究及工业应用现状，提出要制定铝电解槽用干粉防渗材料的质量标准及分析方法。     

瞬态平面热源法测量材料导热系数

为了提高瞬态平面热源法的适用温度,介绍了瞬态平面热源法的测量原理.根据有限元法模拟了无膜平面热源加热过程中试样的温度分布,建立了相应的实验装置,测量了环境温度为27~829℃时材料的导热系数和热扩散率.结果表明在较高温度下该方法测量材料热导率是有效的,可用于实际测量.      

240kA铝电解槽内衬结构优化

对240kA铝电解槽内衬结构进行优化,开发一种新型内衬结构电解槽,并对新型内衬结构进行了电热场仿真计算。生产实践表明,新型内衬结构电解槽解决了低电压下能量不平衡的问题,提高了电解槽在低电压下运行的稳定性,实现了平均槽电压3.80V和吨铝直流电耗12 282kWh的技术经济指标。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.