人体少见部位包虫病的CT表现

目的：探讨人体少见部位包虫病的CT表现及其诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析经CT诊断及手术病理证实的35例少见部位包虫病的CT表现。结果：所有病例均为囊型包虫病,腹腔包虫21例,心脏包虫1例,肾脏包虫4例,脾脏包虫5例,胫骨包虫1例,髂骨包虫3例,其中合并肝包虫19例、肺包虫4例。囊型包虫病在CT上因病程和病理的不同可表现为单囊型、多子囊型、钙化等;骨包虫CT表现为病骨呈类多房状膨胀性骨质破坏及周围包囊性病灶,内可见子囊及小碎骨片。结论：少见部位包虫病具有一定的特征性CT表现,结合临床流行病学特点可提高诊断准确率。     

肝包虫病的CT表现

本文分析了经手术、病理证实的９９例肝包虫病的ＣＴ表现，其中单房型包虫囊肿９２例，肝泡型包虫病７例。各型包虫病有其特殊ＣＴ征象，应用ＣＴ扫描不仅可发现早期病变，并可检出各种合并症的病理形态改变，显著提高了本病的诊断准确率，本组ＣＴ术前诊断准确率为９８．９％。     

肝脏囊性恶性肿瘤的CT诊断

目的：探讨肝脏囊性恶性肿瘤的ＣＴ诊断价值。材料与方法：经手术病理和临床证这的肝脏囊性恶性肿瘤２９例，术前均行ＣＴ检查，其中转移瘤１５例，肝细胞性裂直肉瘤２例，囊腺癌４例（包括囊腺癌肉瘤１例），胆管癌３例和Ｃａｒｏｌｉ病癌变１例，结果：囊性转移瘤远较其他肝囊性恶性肿瘤常见，表现多样化，以多发囊性或囊性实质性病灶共存为其特点，小病料可完全囊变；囊性肝癌表现为单发不均或均匀厚壁型肝志；囊怀肝肉瘤为单房或     

肝泡型包虫病的CT诊断及对阿苯达唑治疗效果的评价

目的分析２１例肝泡型包虫病的ＣＴ征象，评价阿苯达唑治疗效果。方法全部病例包虫抗原皮试、血清酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）与包虫免疫印迹试验（Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔｉｎｇ，ＷＢ）检测均为阳性，全部做ＣＴ扫描检查。阿苯达唑治疗后ＣＴ随访２０例。结果ＣＴ表现最常见特征为轮廓不规则，边界不清，密度不均的以低密度区为主的混合密度灶（ＣＴ值：－２５～＋４０ＨＵ），病灶区出现多少不一的钙化（ＣＴ值：＋９０～＋５５６ＨＵ）是本病突出的表现。ＣＴ影像分三型：实质型７例；假囊型６例；混合型８例。３例增强ＣＴ中２例病灶无强化，１例病灶周边呈轻度环形强化。ＣＴ随访２０例（时间１～９年，平均３．９年）中４例治愈，５例好转，５例稳定，６例恶化。结论ＣＴ扫描不但可用作肝泡型包虫病的诊断，而且可用于阿苯达唑等药物的疗效观察。     

CT联合MRCP诊断肝包虫病胆道并发症的价值

【摘要】目的：探讨CT联合磁共振胰胆管成像（MRCP）诊断肝包虫病胆道并发症的价值。方法：回顾性分析经手术、病理证实的54例囊型肝包虫病及16例泡型肝包虫病的胆道并发症的影像表现,并与病理进行对照。结果：54例囊型肝包虫病患者中破入胆道28例（破入胆道组）,压迫胆道26例（压迫胆道组）。无症状、腹痛/腹胀、黄疸、发热、合并包虫囊肿感染、急性化脓性胆管炎的发生率在破入胆道组与胆道受压组间差异有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。破入胆道组与胆道受压组在包虫位置（肝门、非肝门区）、单囊/多子囊型、实变/钙化型、邻近胆道扩张直径、胆管内包虫内容物、胆管壁异常增厚/强化、包虫囊壁异常增厚/强化、肝背景实质异常、舌样/尖角样突起、内外囊分离/内囊塌陷等方面差异有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。MRCP对囊型肝包虫病患者胆道扩张、胆道内包虫内容物的显示率高,CT对胆管壁、包虫囊壁、肝背景异常及内外囊分离、胆囊受累的显示率高,两者对舌状/尖角样突起、囊内脂肪的显示率一致。泡型肝包虫病侵犯胆道病理显示病灶内胆管闭塞、消失,CT、MRCP示胆道截断/间断显影,远端胆道不同程度扩张;1例重度扩张者病理显示肝内小胆管明显增生合并部分胆管萎缩、胆汁淤积及毛细胆管胆栓;2例病变内液化坏死区与邻近胆管相通,病理显示病变内见褐色胆汁。结论：CT联合MRCP对术前临床准确评估肝包虫病胆道并发症具有重要价值。     

脾肾包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的：提高对脾肾包虫囊肿及其破裂感染CT表现的认识。方法：报告4例经手术病理证实的脾肾包虫囊肿CT所见，并讨论本病的破裂感染及鉴别诊断。结果：单纯型包虫囊肿1例，呈水样均匀低密度囊性肿物边缘光整。多子囊型2例，母囊内见多个更低密度的子囊。破裂感染型包虫囊肿1例，其内外囊分离内囊膜塌陷伴内外囊壁不规则钙化。结论：CT对脾肾包虫囊肿的诊断，分型及有无破裂感染的判断颇为准确。     

囊型肝包虫病的MR诊断与CT对照分析

目的探讨囊型肝包虫病的MR诊断价值。方法分析37例经手术病理证实的囊型肝包虫病的MRI征象并与CT结果对照分析。结果根据CT和MRI的表现特征将囊型肝包虫病分为5型,其中单纯囊肿型8例,多子囊型13例,破裂型7例,实变钙化型4例,混合型5例。结论MRI能清晰显示和确定肝包虫囊肿的大小、形态、数目和类型,有助于治疗方案的选择。     

人体罕少见部位包虫病的X线诊断

目的 探讨人体罕少见部位包虫病的X线表现及其诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经X线诊断及手术证实的6例罕少见部位包虫病患者的X线表现.结果 6例均为囊性包虫病,肱骨骨包虫1例,坐骨骨包虫1例,乳腺包虫1例,心包包虫2例,肾脏包虫合并肝包虫1例.囊性包虫病在X线上可表现为囊型和钙化等.结论 罕少见部位包虫病具有一定的特征性X线表现,结合临床流行病学特点可提高诊断准确率.     

CT在囊型肝包虫活性判断中的应用价值

目的:探讨CT对囊型肝包虫活性特征影像学表现判断的价值。方法:40例经手术切除病理证实的共42个肝细粒棘球蚴包虫囊的影像学及术后记录囊内容物性状(液性,胶胨性,实变钙化)及内囊内原头节活性及内囊HE染色切片的镜下结构。结果:不同类型的包虫囊内其CT值差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);实变钙化组未见活性原头蚴的存在;CT显示囊内容物液态时囊内原头节活力明显高于胶冻性组(P<0.05),包虫母囊内原头蚴的活性随CT值的增大而减小;包虫内囊组织结构损害随内囊的剥离,塌陷而加重。结论:CT在包虫囊的活性程度的判断上具有重要的价值。     

肝泡球蚴病的CT诊断

笔者报告１８例肝泡球蚴病（泡型包虫病）的ＣＴ表现，主要特征为形态不规则、周界不清、密度不均（ＣＴ值：—１０～＋４０ＨＵ）病灶，内部或／和周边有多少不等的斑片状钙化（ＣＴ值：＋９０～＋３７０ＨＵ）；增强扫描病灶密度无变化。地图征型１２例，假囊型３例，周边晕影型３例。单发８例，多发１０例。笔者探讨了该病ＣＴ表现的病理基础及其与Ｂ超检查的相关性，并分析了该病与肝细粒棘球蚴病（囊型包虫病）和原发性肝癌的鉴别。     

肝脏占位性病变的CT诊断及鉴别诊断

目的探讨CT对肝脏占位性病变的诊断及鉴别诊断的价值。方法收集310例肝脏占位性病变(包括原发性肝癌72例,肝转移癌58例,肝血管瘤35例,肝脓肿21例,肝包虫病58例,肝囊肿66例)的临床和CT资料,分析肝脏占位病变的部位、数目、边界以及增强后的CT表现。结果肝脏占位性病变表现为单发或多发低密度灶,边界清或不清,增强后可有程度不一的强化或不强化。本组肝脏占位性病变各自均有典型的CT征象,大多能作出定性诊断。结论CT对肝脏占位性病变的诊断及鉴别诊断有很大的价值。     

Hydatid disease of the spleen: imaging findings in nine patients

Splenic involvement is uncommon in patients with hydatid disease. The radiologic and clinical findings in nine patients with splenic hydatidosis are described. The three men and six women were 41-76 years old (mean, 58 years). Their histories and physical findings, the results of serologic tests for hydatidosis, and imaging procedures were evaluated. Plain abdominal radiographs were obtained in all nine patients, sonograms in six, and CT scans in seven. Plain films showed calcification of the cyst wall in four of the nine patients. On sonograms, five lesions were anechoic and one was echogenic. On CT scans, all lesions except one were of lower attenuation than the surrounding spleen. None of the lesions enhanced after administration of IV contrast material. Although rare, splenic hydatidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when a cystic splenic lesion is identified with sonography or CT.     

囊性肾癌的CT和MRI表现

目的:分析囊性肾癌的CT和MRI表现,旨在提高术前正确诊断率。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的16例囊性肾癌的CT和MRI表现。结果:囊性肾癌16例,囊壁不规则增厚12例,间隔不规则增厚8例,囊壁结节10例;囊性病变内出现异常软组织影6例,和/或囊性病变周围肾实质内出现异常软组织影4例;钙化2例;增强扫描实性部分明显增强8例,中度增强5例,轻度增强3例。结论:囊性肾癌的CT、MR表现有一定特征,表现典型者可做出诊断。     

腹腔及腹膜后包虫病的CT诊断(附28例报告)

目的 :探讨腹腔及腹膜后包虫病的 CT表现特征。方法 :分析手术病理证实 2 8例腹腔及腹膜后包虫的 CT表现。结果 :表现为单发 14例 ;多发 14例 ;单囊型 17例 ;多子囊型 11例。结论 :腹腔及腹膜后包虫在 CT上有特征性表现 ,CT能发现和确诊病变     

腹部脏器外淋巴管瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨肠系膜及腹膜后淋巴管瘤的CT表现.方法:回顾性分析经临床手术病理证实的13例腹部脏器外淋巴管瘤的CT表现.结果:CT显示6例单囊;7例多囊,2例呈弥漫微囊;无壁7例,囊壁菲薄4例,增强后无强化;厚壁2例,增强后强化;5例有分隔,增强后强化;钙化1例;肠系膜血管征2例;11例囊内为均匀水样密度;肿块最小2 cm,最大32 cm.结论:腹部淋巴管瘤的影像学表现为单囊或多囊,部分较大肿块呈分叶状,无壁或壁菲薄,囊内密度均匀,为水或更低密度,少见钙化,肠系膜血管征为其特征性表现,CT对定位定性具有重要价值.     

泡型肝包虫病的超声诊断再探讨-附100例分析

目的:探讨泡型肝包虫病的B超特征,提出分型依据。方法:综合分析100例经手术或穿刺病理证实的B超声像图表现,并结合部分经CT、MRI检查病例对比研究。结果:100例泡型肝包虫,B超主要表现为①肝内不规则强回声团块80例,其中团块内呈弥漫性粗颗粒状强回声类似"落雪状"改变25例,团块内合并坏死液化20例,团块内钙化25例,钙化和液化同时出现10例。②肝内呈结节状改变20例。结论:泡型肝包虫病表现有其特征性,团块内粗颗粒状强回声,不规则液化坏死,斑片状钙化,周边无低回声暗晕以及彩超团块内无血流信号是与肝癌等肿块鉴别的重要依据。     

CT features of retroperitoneal neurilemmoma

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the CT features of retroperitoneal neurilemmoma. Methods: The CT findings were reviewed in seven patients with retroperitoneal neurilemmoma. Results: All of the tumours were well-demarcated round or oval masses. In five cases, heterogeneous contrast enhancement was noted after contrast medium administration. Areas of minimal enhancement reflected diffuse edema in one tumour. Areas without definite enhancement represented prominent cyst formation in three tumours. There were three cases with tumour calcification (two with punctate calcification and one with mottled calcification). Conclusion: CT findings may suggest the diagnosis of retroperitoneal neurilemmoma preoperatively.     

Unusual imaging characteristics of complicated hydatid disease

Hydatid disease, a worldwide zoonosis, is caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus tapeworm. Although the liver and the lungs are the most frequently involved organs in the body, hydatid cysts of other organs are unusual. Radiologically, they usually demonstrate typical imaging findings, but unusual imaging characteristics of complicated cyst of hydatid disease, associated with high morbidity and mortality, are rarely described in the literature. The purpose of this study is to review the general features of hydatidosis and to discuss atypical imaging characteristics of the complicated hydatid disease in the human, with an emphasis on structure and rupture of the cystic lesion as well as ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the disease. In our study, the available literature and images of the cases with complicated hydatidosis involving liver, lung, brain, spine and orbit were reviewed retrospectively. In hydatid disease, there are many potential local and systemic complications due to secondary involvement in almost any anatomic location in humans. Radiologically, in addition to the presence of atypical findings such as perifocal edema, non-homogenous contrast enhancement, multiplicity or septations and calcification, various unusual manifestations due to rupture or infection of the cyst have been observed in our cases with complicated hydatid disease. To prevent subsequent acute catastrophic results and the development of recurrences in various organs, it should be kept in mind that complicated hydatid cysts can cause unusual USG, CT, and MRI findings, in addition to typical ones, in endemic areas. Therefore, familiarity with atypical radiological appearances of complicated hydatid disease may be valuable in making a correct diagnosis and treatment.     

Rathke囊肿的CT和MRI诊断

目的:分析Rathke囊肿之CT及MRI表现.材料和方法:回顾性分析7例(男3例,女4例,平均年龄32.4岁)经手术病理证实的Rathke囊肿的CT及MRI表现.结果:7例Rathke囊肿中,单纯位于鞍内者3例,直径均小于1.2cm;鞍内鞍上者4例,直径均大于1.2cm.CT及MRI表现根据囊液成分的不同变化多样,增强扫描一般无增强,囊壁极少钙化.结论:垂体Rathke囊肿术前较难明确诊断,仔细分析其CT及MRI表现,有助于提高本病的正确诊断率.     

单侧肾癌和囊肿共存的分型及诊断

为了提高单侧肾癌和囊肿共存的诊断水平,回顾性分析10例单侧肾癌和囊肿共存的患者影像学结果。结果显示,分泌性尿路造影显示囊性占位,B型超声波提示增厚及不规则的囊性肿物。CT扫描示病灶不规则增厚,部分有壁结节、增厚分隔及钙化,实质部分有明显的早期强化。有的类似单纯囊肿,但至少一层能显示肿瘤密度影。提示,囊壁分隔及不规则增厚、壁结节和实质早期强化是CT诊断单侧肾癌和囊肿共存的重要依据。对囊肿基底要进行非常仔细的扫描,尽可能捕获到有上述特征的影像学改变,有时囊肿周围也可获得类似的特征性影像。