有机硅—丙烯酸酯乳液共聚合

以硅氧烷，丙烯酸乙酯为原料，经乳液聚合制备了有机硅－丙烯酸酯共聚物。实验证明，在以丙烯酸乙酯为主的体系中，加入不大于３０％（质量）的硅氧烷进行乳液共聚合，不影响聚合反应的正常进行，当乳化剂液度（［Ｅ］）为（２．０１－１０．０９）×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，引发剂浓度（［Ｉ］）为（０．８６－５．２６）×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，本体系聚合动力学关系式为Ｒ∝［Ｅ］＾０．６［Ｉ］＾０．５；共聚胶乳粒子的粒径及     

芦竹碱PVC膜电极的研究

本文研制出以芦竹碱－四苯硼钠为电活性物的ＰＶＣ膜电极。在ｐＨ２．０～７．０水浴液中，电极的残性响应范围、平均斜率和检出下限分别为６．３×１０￣５～１．０×１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、５７ｍＶ／△ＰＣ和２．２×１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．电极响应速度快，稳定性好，可用于快速测定植物中芦竹碱的含量，方法准确可靠。     

2.5次微分溶出伏安法同时测定水中痕量钴和镍

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨａ·Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＮＨ４Ｃｌ（ｐＨ＝８．９）和２．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ酸性铬兰Ｋ（ＡＣＢＫ）溶液中，钴和镍均产生非常灵敏的还原波，峰电位分别是－０．５２Ｖ和－０．６４Ｖ（８８·ＳＣＥ），峰电流与钻和镍的浓度分别在３．０×１０－８～５．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和２．０×１０－～４２×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成直线关系，该法用于测定水中痕量钴和镍，结果令人满意。     

铜（Ⅱ）,N,N‘—双（3,5—二溴水杨醛缩）邻苯二胺配合物吸附波及其应用

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ３，Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中，铜（Ⅱ）－Ｎ，Ｎ’－双（３，５－二溴水杨醛缩）邻苯二胺（Ｄｂｓａｌ－ｏ－ＰｈｄｎＨ２）配合物产生灵敏的吸附波，波的峰电位是－０．３８Ｖ（ｖｓ·ＳＣＥ），峰电流与铜（）的浓度在２．０×１０－８－８．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成正比，检测限是６×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，本方法用于检测水中的铜，回收率为９７．５％～１０３％。     

新发光试剂N-(β-羧基丙酰基)异鲁米诺的合成及性能的研究

合成了新发光试剂Ｎ－（β－羧基丙酰基）异鲁米诺（ＣＰＩＬ），并对其化学发光性能进行了研究。ＣＰＩＬ在ＮａＨＣＯ３－ＮａＯＨ介质中与Ｈ２Ｏ２反应，线性范围为２×１０－１０～１×１０－８ｍｏｌ／ＬＣＰＩＬ，检测限为１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，测定１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ　ＣＰＩＬ溶液，相对标准偏差为６．４％。Ｃｏ２＋对ＣＰＩＬ的化学发光反应具有催化增强作用（增强１０倍），当体系中加入一定量的Ｃｏ２＋溶液时，ＣＰＩＬ的浓度在４×１０－１１～１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ从范围内具有良好的线性关系，检测限为８×１０－１２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，灵敏度高于文献报道的ＡＢＥＩ－Ｃｏ２－ＮａＣＩＯ发光体系。     

固定化黄色短杆菌生产L－苹果酸新工艺及动力学研究

研究了固定化黄色短杆菌ＭＡ－３在富马酸盐体系中转化生成Ｌ－苹果酸的新工艺，研究结果表明当富马酸铵盐浓度为１．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，体系ｐＨ为７．０～８．０，反应温度为３７℃时，Ｌ－苹果酸的得率达２１６ｇ／Ｌ。对固定化黄色短杆菌的动力学研究结果为Ｖｍａｘ＝７６ｍｍｏｌ／［Ｌ·ｈ·ｇ（固定化湿细胞）］，Ｋｍ＝４．７６×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃｐｍ＝１．６９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

磷锑钼三元杂多酸光度法测定药品中的抗坏血酸

研究了少量抗坏血酸与磷锑钼三元杂多酸体系的显色特性，建立了借磷锑钼三元杂多蓝测定抗坏血酸的分光光度法。最佳显色条件为［ＰＯ３－４］＝３０×１０－４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，［ＳｂⅢ］＝４５×１０－５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，［ＭｏＯ２－４］＝７５×１０－３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，Ｐ∶Ｓｂ∶Ｍｏ＝１∶０１５∶２５，［Ｈ加入］／［Ｍｏ］＝５７。测定波长为λｍａｘ＝７１０ｎｍ，线性范围为１～５０μｇ·ｍＬ－１，回归方程为Ａ＝３６８０Ｃ－００１４，线性相关系数ｒ＝０９９９８，表现摩尔吸光系数ε７１０＝３６８×１０３Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，检出限为０２μｇ·ｍＬ－１，标准回收率为９５％～１００％，变异系数ｃｖ≤０３４％（ｎ＝６）。与二元磷钼杂多酸方法相比，省去了水浴加热的繁琐操作，而且由于锑（Ⅲ）的引入，显色在室温下３５ｍｉｎ便可完成，并可稳定５ｈ。     

丙烯酸乙酯接枝改性共聚尼龙皮革涂饰剂的研究

以二过碘酸合银（ Ⅲ） 为氧化剂,以三元共聚尼龙为还原剂,组成氧化还原引发体系在三元共聚尼龙表面进行非均相接枝共聚合反应。研究了三元共聚尼龙接枝率与［Ａｇ（ Ⅲ）］ 、反应温度、反应时间及丙烯酸乙酯浓度之间的关系。实验表明,浓度为７ ．２ ×１０ －４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,丙烯酸乙酯浓度为１ ．０８ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,反应温度为４７ ℃时接枝率在１８８ ％ 。单体与水的配比对接枝反应也有影响。     

稀土—偶氮胂Ⅲ配合吸附波法测定稀土元素

在ｐＨ值为３的ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ介质中,镧,铈,镨与偶氮胂Ⅲ（ＡＳＡⅢ）形成配合物,并于－０．７１Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处产生灵敏的配合物吸附波峰电流与镧,铈,镨浓度分别为３．６×１０＾－８～１．４×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,１．８×１０＾－８～８．６×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,３．５×１０＾－８～７．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系,测得镧与偶氮胂Ⅲ的配合比为１：１。稳定常数为４．５×１０＾     

催化显色光度法测定痕量铜（Ⅱ）的研究

基于０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ－０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＣｌ缓冲溶液中，铜（Ⅱ）催化氯酸钾氧化盐酸苯肼，继而与Ｈ酸－钠盐偶合得紫红色的偶氮化合物，藉此可测定痕量铜（Ⅱ）。在５３０ｎｍ波长处测量产物的吸光度，铜（Ⅱ）量在０￣２８ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈线性关系，方法的表观摩尔吸光系数为１．４３×１０＾６Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１，检出限为５．２×１０＾－１０ｇ／ｍｌ，已用于合成水样中痕量铜（Ⅱ）的测定，结果满意。     

苯乙烯的间歇-半连续RAFT细乳液聚合

进行了苯乙烯的间歇-半连续RAFT细乳液聚合,考察了半连续段的起点、单体滴加速率及最终胶乳固含量的影响。结果发现：从最终胶乳的稳定性考虑,半连续聚合的起点选择在间歇聚合的高转化率时期更好;若综合考虑胶乳的稳定性、分子量及其分布、固含量、乳化剂及共稳定剂在胶乳中的残留率等因素,半连续聚合的起点可适当提前,但必须在间歇聚合成核期结束后。过早容易引起乳液的失稳;过迟会延长反应时间,降低聚合物的制备效率,导致死聚物链含量升高。聚合体系的稳定性与胶乳的固含量密切相关,最终固含量不宜超过40％。采用间歇-半连续二段聚合工艺可以制得窄分子量分布(PDI＝～1.3),低乳化剂及共稳定剂残留量（～1.5%,质量）的高分子量聚合物(≈8×10⁴g•mol^-1)。     

Chemospecific ring-opening polymerization of α-methylenemacrolides

α-Methylenemacrolides having various groups, such as aromatic, ether, and amine, were enzymatically, anionically, and radically polymerized. The polymerization with the lipase catalyst successfully afforded polymers only through the ring-opening process, whereas the vinyl polymerizations selectively proceeded by using anionic and radical initiators. The polyesters obtained by the enzymatic polymerization have a polymerizable methacrylic methylene group in the main-chain, in addition to the aromatic and polar groups, and were further radically polymerized to quantitatively produce a cross-linked polymer gel.     

Accelerated pressure synthesis and characterization of 2-oxazoline block copolymers

The cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-oxazolines in acetonitrile was investigated under pressure conditions utilizing methyl tosylate as initiator of which the single crystal X-ray structure is described as well. The polymerization kinetics were studied and compared with previously reported microwave-assisted pressure polymerizations. Moreover, a series of block copolymers was synthesized in an automated parallel synthesis robot utilizing this pressure polymerization method. The resulting block copolymers were characterized with both differential scanning calorimetry and contact angle measurements to determine the effect of copolymer composition on glass transition temperature, melting point and surface energy. Atomic force microscopy was applied to further investigate the possible phase separation.     

Particle formation mechanism in radical polymerization in miniemulsion based on in situ surfactant formation without high energy homogenization

Conventional radical polymerization of styrene at 70 °C in aqueous miniemulsion generated using the in situ surfactant technique, without use of high energy mixing, has been investigated in detail. The surfactant potassium oleate was formed in situ by reaction between oleic acid and potassium hydroxide at the styrene/water interface. The particle formation mechanism was investigated by use of pyrene as a probe, revealing that under suitable conditions with an oil-phase initiator, particle formation occurs primarily via monomer droplet nucleation. The droplet/particle stability is however inferior to that in a typical miniemulsion generated employing ultrasonication, as manifested by a marked increase in droplet/particle size with conversion and a bimodal droplet/particle size distribution by weight. The droplet/particle stability increases with increasing amount of oleic acid, hexadecane, water, and the ratio potassium hydroxide:oleic acid, respectively.     

Synthesis of latex particles by ring-opening metathesis polymerization

This paper reviews the recent discoveries that were achieved by our group in the field of particle synthesis via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Both polynorbornene and polybutadiene-based particles were prepared by the respective ROMP of norbornene and cyclooctadiene initiated by (PCy₃)₂Cl₂RuCHPh using several methods of polymerization in dispersed media, such as dispersion, suspension and miniemulsion. Depending upon the process implemented, particles size was found to range from 300 nm to 20 μm.     

微乳液聚合研究新进展

对微乳液聚合的特点、聚合机理及动力学影响因素进行了总结和评述，指出了今后微乳液聚合研究的几个关键问题。     

Microwave-Assisted RAFT Polymerization

Advances in controlled radical polymerization (CRP) have facilitated access to well-defined polymers with controlled molecular weight, topology, and functionality. However, despite the benefits afforded by many CRP techniques, control over these key polymer attributes often comes at the expense of polymerization rate. One method proposed for accelerating chemical synthesis is microwave heating. This review highlights recent examples of microwave heating being applied during reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. In addition to successfully leading to homopolymers from a variety of monomers, block copolymers have also been prepared by microwave-assisted RAFT, which suggests that the high polymerization rates observed do not necessarily lead to significant end group loss from termination. Despite significant debate regarding the origin of rate enhancement observed during microwave-assisted reactions, the reports included herein provide insight into mechanisms by which well-defined functional polymers can be prepared in an accelerated fashion.     

等离子体引发丙烯酸(2-乙基)已酯乳液聚合

采用等离子体引发聚合的方法 ,进行了丙烯酸 ( 2 -乙基 )已酯 (简称 EHA)的乳液聚合。考察了后聚合时间、放电功率、乳化剂浓度对聚合转化率及特性粘数的影响。并对丙烯酸酯等离子体引发本体、乳液聚合进行了比较     

超声引发聚合反应的研究

综述了超声波在一些聚合方法中的应用。     

水性含硅聚合物涂料的制备与应用

乳液聚合法是制备水性含硅聚合物最常见、最有效的方法。介绍了种子乳液聚合、核/壳乳液聚合、无皂乳液聚合、微乳液聚合、互穿网络聚合等制备水性含硅聚合物的方法,并对水性含硅聚合物涂料的应用做了探讨。