P204-HCl-H3cit体系分离轻稀土元素的研究

针对高酸度下P204(DEHPA)萃取剂萃取轻稀土氯化物时,La3 、Ce3 、Pr3 、Nd 3 之间分离系数较低的问题,本文研究了含有柠檬酸(H3cit)的P 204-HCl体系中,料液酸度与柠檬酸浓度对轻稀土分离系数的影响,并与P204-HCl体系的萃取结果进行了比较.实验结果表明:在P204-HCl-H3cit体系中,轻稀土分离系数随酸度的增大而降低,随柠檬酸浓度的增加而提高.当料液酸度pH=1.0、柠檬酸浓度=0.25 mol/L时,Ce/La 、Pr/Ce和Nd/Pr的最大分离系数分别为4.10、1.71和1.54,均高于P204-HCl体系下的最大分离系数.     

P204-HCl-H3cit体系中镧铈分配比及分离系数研究

针对P204萃取剂在HCl体系中高酸度下镧铈分离系数较低的问题,研究了含有柠檬酸(H3cit)的P204-HCl体系中,料液酸度与柠檬酸浓度对镧铈分配比和分离系数及萃取容量的影响.采用FT-IR方法分析了镧铈分离系数提高的机理.实验结果表明:在P204-HCl-H3cit体系中,镧铈的分配比和分离系数随酸度的增大而降低,随柠檬酸浓度的增加而提高,稀土元素的萃取容量随柠檬酸浓度的增大而提高.当料液酸度pH值为1.0、柠檬酸浓度为0.25mol/L时,镧和铈的分离系数为4.1,稀土的最大萃取容量为24 g/L,其指标优于相同酸度下的皂化P204-HCl体系.     

P204-HCl-H3cit体系分离镨钕的研究

针对P204萃取剂在HCl体系中pH＜2.0条件下镨钕分离系数较低的问题, 研究了含有柠檬酸(H3cit)的P204-HCl体系中, 料液酸度与柠檬酸浓度对镨和钕分配比和分离系数及萃取容量的影响. 用回归分析法建立了以料液酸度和柠檬酸浓度为变量的二元一次线性回归方程, 该方程得到的料液酸度、柠檬酸浓度对分配比和分离系数关系图表明: 在P204-HCl-H3cit体系中, 镨钕的分配比和分离系数随酸度的增大而降低, 随柠檬酸浓度的增加而提高, 稀土元素的萃取容量随柠檬酸浓度的增大而提高. 采用FT-IR方法分析了镨钕分离系数提高的机制. 当料液酸度pH=1.0, 柠檬酸浓度=0.25 mol·L-1时, 镨和钕的分离系数为1.54, 稀土的最大萃取容量为30 g·L-1, 其指标优于相同酸度下的皂化P204-HCl体系.     

HDEHP在硫酸溶液中萃取分离轻稀土性能研究

研究了 HDEHP在硫酸溶液中萃取分离轻稀土离子时有机相浓度、皂化剂类型、有机相皂化率、料液酸度对萃取饱和容量、分配比、分离系数的影响 ,确定了最佳萃取工艺参数 ,测定了轻稀土离子的分配比和分离系数。     

环烷酸萃取体系中单一稀土和铝的分配比及分离系数的研究

对不同萃取剂皂化值、料液酸度和铝浓度条件下,单一稀土和铝在环烷酸体系中的分配比和分离系数进行研究,结构表明料液的酸度较高时,皂化值为0.35 M环烷酸体系可以获得铝和稀土相对更高的分离系数及更好的分离效果。铝离子浓度较低时,料液酸度较高的条件下仍可实现稀土和铝的较好分离,而铝离子浓度较高时(150 mmol/L),料液酸度较高不利于稀土和铝的分离。     

P204-N235体系协同萃取稀土钇和钆的实验研究

普遍的稀土分离采用一种萃取剂萃取,其萃取率较低,为提高稀土萃取率使其资源最大化利用,本文采用P204-N235混合共同萃取体系来萃取氯化钇和氯化钆的混合稀土料液,通过研究P204-N235相比、P204-N235体积比、震荡时间、P204-N235协同萃取氯化钇与氯化钆水相初始料液PH值及稀土离子浓度,实验结果表明P204-N235协同萃取稀土当P204-N235相比为3∶1、P204与N235萃取剂体积比为1∶1、震荡时间为10 min、P204-N235协同萃取氯化钇与氯化钆水相初始料液PH值=3、稀土离子浓度为0.1 mol/L时可强化稀土的萃取效果。     

混合稀土料液中环烷酸萃取分离稀土和铝的研究

在环烷酸体系中,对不同混合轻稀土料液酸度、铝浓度和萃取剂皂化值条件下,一定配比混合稀土和铝的分配比D、分离系数β进行研究。结果表明,混合稀土料液酸度pH=0.5时,D_(Al)=16,D_(RE)=0.044 8,β_(Al)/_(RE)=356.9;当料液中Al_2O_3浓度为0.17～0.32g/L时,氧化铝的分配比D_(Al)1,β_(Al)/_(RE)有较大值;皂化度为0.3mol/L时,不仅能够避免由过皂化引起的乳化发生,同时稀土和铝还有较好的分离效果。因此高酸度、低浓度铝和低皂化度的环烷酸体系可以获得铝和混合稀土更好的分离效果和较高的分离系数。在最优工艺条件下进行稀土和铝分离萃取试验,有机相和水相较易分层,萃取反应界面基本无三相,分相极为理想,余液中铝含量小于0.011%,满足工业生产对铝含量的要求。     

稀土和铝在皂化氯代环烷酸体系中分配比及分离系数的研究

分别对萃取剂皂化值为0.35mol/L、0.40mol/L,不同料液酸度、铝浓度条件下氯化稀土溶液在皂化氯代环烷酸萃取体系中的稀土和铝分配比及分离系数进行研究,表明当料液中含有中、高浓度铝时,皂化值为0.35mol/L氯化环烷酸体系可以在较高酸度的条件下获得铝和稀土相对更高的分离系数及更好的分离效果.实际生产中可通过提高料液酸度实现铝和稀土的有效分离,同时抑制其它非稀土杂质的萃取,更有利于降低产品中杂质的含量.     

氯代环烷酸萃取体系中稀土和铝分配比及分离因数的研究

研究萃取剂皂化值、料液酸度和铝浓度对稀土和铝在氯代环烷酸体系中的分配比和分离因数的影响。结果表明,当料液的铝浓度较高时,该萃取体系在较高料液酸度下仍可较好地分离稀土和铝,且未有乳化现象发生;采用氯代环烷酸萃取体系分离稀土和铝的优化条件为:萃取剂皂化值0.35 mol/L、铝浓度12.5 mmol/L、pH=0.10,此条件下分配比DAl=0.53,DRE=0.05,分离因数βAl/RE=10.6。     

HDEHP萃取分离稀土的性能研究

本文对HDEHP在盐酸介质中萃取轻中稀土元素的性能做了系统研究。1.测定了不同料液酸度对分配比及平衡酸度的影响。2.测定了不同浓度的有机相在不同皂化度时萃取饱和容量。3.不同料液浓度,酸度对萃取分离及各组元素之间的分离因素的影响。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.