香蕉小茎尖培养和快速繁殖

本文报道14个香蕉品种或品系进行小茎尖离体培养繁殖无病苗。小茎尖培养在改良MS培养基中,附加BA2.0—5.0mg/l,试验结果显示,BA明显促进芽的形成和增殖,随着BA浓度的增高,形成的芽苗数也随着增多。各品种均能诱导丛生芽,但品种间的繁殖率有很大差异。低浓度的Kt或BA有利于诱导生根。培养的试管苗经检验为无病苗。     

绞股蓝的快速繁殖研究

本文报道以广西四个县所产绞股蓝,在MS基本培养基中进行茎段培养,研究植物激素对器官形成的影响。试验结果表明,细胞分裂素BA明显促进芽的形成和增殖,BA和NAA或GA配合使用有助于苗的形成和生长,不同产地的绞股蓝类型均能诱导形成丛生芽,但分化芽数有差异。诱导生根用1/2 MS附加NAA或IBA,试管苗一年四季移栽均获得较高的成活率。幼苗移栽大田生长良好,当年可获得较好产量。     

罗汉果叶组织培养的研究

用MS基本培养基培养罗汉果叶组织,研究植物激素对形成器官的影响。不同细胞分裂素的试验结果表明:在试验浓度范围内(0.5—1.0毫克/升)。BA明显促进茅的形成,KT和对照(基本培养基)均无形成茅,BA为罗汉果叶组织形成芽所必需的。IAA或IBA0.5毫克/升和BA1.0毫克/升配合使用。对叶组织形成芽有增效作用。茅进一步长出茎叶,将茎叶转入含有NAA0.2毫克/升的1/2MS的生根培养基,明显促进根的形成和发展成完整植株。 我们进行长滩果,拉江果及青皮果等三个罗汉果主要品种的叶组织离体培养,均能诱导形成丛生茅,将丛生叶分开,可不断扩大繁殖,促进芽的增殖,能获得大量绿苗。幼苗移栽土壤获得成活,成活率达80—100％,幼苗生长良好。     

丽格海棠的离体快繁

取丽格海棠幼叶为外植体,在诱导培养基MS＋BA 0．5mg/L NAA 1.0mm/L上培养20d左右,开始分化花芽,培养40d丛生芽长满整个外植体,丛生芽的增殖培养以MS＋BA 0．5mg/L为佳,芽长得大且粗壮,粗壮芽转入无激素的1／2MS生根培养基,生根率达100％。     

彩纹海棠的快速繁殖研究

彩纹海棠叶片培养在MS基本培养基中,研究植物的激素、培养基的物理性质对器官形成的影响及试管苗移栽技术等.试验结果表明细胞分裂素BA促进芽的形成和增殖。BA和NAA配合使用,对叶片形成芽有增效作用。通过继代培养,能繁殖大量无根苗。将无根苗转入含有NAA0.2mg/L或IBA ling/L的1/2MS培养基中,诱导生根形成完整植株。诱导叶片形成芽应采用固体培养基;而液体静置培养则有利于促进芽发育成苗和生根。试管苗移栽获得成功,幼苗生长良好。     

梅花离体快速繁殖研究

我们采用自配的基本培养基(以下简称WB)附加植物激素组合,对梅花进行离体快速繁殖试验。以成年母树腋芽作外植体,在WB中附加BA 2mg/l、ZT 1mg/l和IAA0.2mg/l的培养基上培养,腋芽萌发长成丛生芽;再转移到同一培养基上经20天培养,丛生芽长成不太正常的丛生幼苗。把丛生芽或不太正常的丛生幼苗转移到WB附加BA0.25mg/l、IAA0.05mg/l的培养基上,继代培养25天,丛生芽或不太正常的丛生幼苗则长成粗壮的无根苗。无根苗在生根培养基中诱导生根,每株苗自茎基部直接长出2—5条浅黄色的根。生根小植株盆栽于培养土中,并置培养室或温室条件下管理,成活率达80%。关于梅花营养器官的离体培养研究尚未见报道。     

木薯良种—“南植188”的组培快速繁殖研究

本文报道木薯良种——“南植188”的快速繁殖。茎段培养在MS或改良MS基本培养基中,研究植物激素对器官形成的影响及试管苗移栽技术。试验结果表明BA促进芽的形成和增殖,BA和NAA混合使用有利芽伸长,当无根苗转生根培养基,诱导生根获得完整植株,试管苗移栽成功,幼苗生长良好。     

黄苞蝎尾蕉的组织培养快速繁殖

植物名称:黄苞蝎尾蕉(Heliconia lathispa—tha)。材料类别:根状茎。培养条件:芽萌生培养基:(1)MS BA5mg/L(单位下同) IAA0.5;丛生芽诱导和继代增殖培养基;(2)MS BA10 IAA5 VitC150和(3)MS BA2 IAA1 VitC150;壮苗和生根培养基;     

榆叶梅的试管繁殖

植物名称:榆叶梅(Prunustriloba var.plena) 材料类别:芽培养条件:用于诱导芽进行丛生增殖,以及继代增殖的培养基为MS BA1 mg/l.用于生根的基质为2:1的山泥与蛭石,并以White培养液浸润。培养物置于25℃恒温,1000—2000lx光强,日照10—12小时条件下进行静止培养。生长与分化情况:春季从多年生树上取下萌发的嫩芽,经常规方法灭菌后,置于MS BA1培养基上,诱导丛生芽的产生。通常得率很低,每10瓶     

枳多芽苗的诱导

枳幼苗茎段的腋芽在含BA(0.5毫克/升)和NAA(2毫克/升)的MS培养基上能诱导出大量丛生芽,丛生芽苗茎段的腋芽在含BA(0.5-2毫克/升)的MS继代培养基上又可增殖,将无根幼苗分别转至含IAA、IBA和NAA(均为1毫克/升)的MS培养基上则生根形成完整植株。     

Influence of Several Growth Regulators and Amino Acids on in vitro Organogenesis of Torenia fournieri Lind.

The effects of several growth regulators and amino acids onin vitro organogenesis of Torenia fournieri Lind. were determinedusing internodal segments. Treatment with 2,4-D¹ resulted innodular callus formation, while NAA and IAA induced roots constantlybut much less frequently shoot buds. Individually BA, zeatin,and 4-PU induced bud formation, but these shoot buds did notdevelop further. Formation of buds by cytokinin was influencedby a simultaneous application of NAA or 2,4-D, but not of IAA,its degree being reduced when BA was simultaneously appliedwith NAA or 2,4-D. When zeatin or kinetin was added with NAA,numerous roots were induced. The effects of various L-amino acids on in vitro organogenesiswere also investigated using the defined medium in which KNO₃was a principal source of nitrogen. The formation of buds wasconsiderably stimulated by alanine and asparagine, and slightlyby glutamic acid in the medium containing both NAA and BA, inwhich bud formation was easily induced. On the other hand, allamino acids except for glutamic acid and aspartic acid inhibitedroom formation in this medium. Root formation was greatly stimulated by proline, alanine, glutamine,glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, and slightly by arginine andtryptophan in the medium containing NAA but no BA. Glutamicacid and aspartic acid also enhanced bud formation in this medium.     

Factors affecting adventitious bud induction in Pinus elliottii (Engelm.) embryos cultured in vitro

Embryos of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) were induced to form adventitious buds when placed in culture on nutrient media supplemented with cytokinin. Buds were induced on media containing Risser & White major salts. The high content in nitrogen of Murashige & Skoog formulation seems to be deleterious for this in vitro system, since morphogenic responses were only promoted when nitrogen concentration was drastically reduced in the macronutrient formulation. Factors such as concentration of cytokinin (6-benzyladenine) and time and method of exposure (liquid or solid induction medium) strongly influenced bud formation and development. The greatest number of buds and shoots were obtained from 22.0 M cytokinin, but these shoots showed less and slower development than those induced with low dosages of cytokinin. The presence of naphthaleneacetic acid in combination with cytokinin in the induction medium decreased the frequency of bud formation.Abbreviations (BA) 6-benzyladenine - (NAA) 1-naphthaleneacetic acid     

Regeneration of plantlets from in vitro raised leaf explants of Cleisostoma racimeferum Lindl

Protocorm like bodies (PLBs), callus and shoot buds developed in culture from in vitro raised foliar explants of Cleisostoma racimeferum. Among the different basal media, better result was obtained on MS medium containing sucrose (3%) and BA (2 microM) with approximately 80% frequency after 40 days of culture. Young leaves (15 week old) produced better PLBs. Whole leaf placed vertically upside-up orientation can regenerate PLBs and shoot buds (80%). PLBs and shoot buds formed on entire surface of the leaves. Cultures on BA and NAA (2 and 2 microM respectively in combination) stimulated callus mediated regeneration (68%). The rooted plantlets regenerated within 8-10 week from PLBs and shoot buds on MS medium containing IAA and kinetin (2 microM each in combination). BA containing medium triggered multiple shoot bud formation, while NAA alone or in combination with other growth regulators was inhibitory. Incorporation of activated charcoal (0.01%) in the medium stimulated formation of repetitive PLBs and multiple shoot buds. Rooted plants were ready for harvest after 20-22 week of initiation of culture. About 65% of the potted plants survived after 3 months in the poly house.     

ATTEMPTS TO OBTAIN BACTERIA-FREE PLANTS OF PSYCHOTRIA PUNCTATA (RUBIACEAE): GROWTH AND ROOT FORMATION IN CALLUS CULTURES

Attempts were made to obtain bacteria-free plants of Psychotria punctata from tissue cultures. Stem explants and callus derived from them were induced to form roots but failed to form buds on Linsmaier and Skoog medium and 96 chemical modifications of it, including most of those known to induce bud formation in other species. Roots formed with ample IAA (2 mg/liter or more) and a low kinetin concentration (0.25 or 0.50 mg/liter). Adenine inhibited root formation in these media, but tyrosine did not. Tyrosine did lower the percentage of calluses commencing growth. When enzyme-hydrolyzed lactalbumin (1.3 g/liter), kinetin (0.5 mg/liter) and IAA (5 mg/liter) were added to Linsmaier and Skoog medium modified by decreasing inorganic nitrogen and increasing inorganic phosphate, callus grew at the fastest rate observed (increasing threefold in fresh weight in three weeks) and formed numerous roots. This was adopted as the stock callus medium. Casein hydrolysates also stimulated growth but less so than lactalbumin hydrolysate. When lactalbumin hydrolysate or a casein hydrolysate lacking tryptophan was supplied, growth occurred without added auxin if sufficient cytokinin was added. Cytokinin was required at unusually high concentration and was tolerated at still higher concentration. Formation, elongation, and branching of roots persisted on a saturated solution of BA which inhibited callus growth about 70 % and delayed callus senescence. Light caused earlier callus senescence after growth had ceased but did not affect callus growth or root formation. Light-induced senescence was prevented by a high cytokinin concentration.     

Phenylacetic acid improves bud elongation and in vitro plant regeneration efficiency in Capsicum annuum L.

 A highly efficient three-stage protocol for the regeneration of chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from cotyledon explants was developed. This protocol used PAA in both the shoot-bud induction medium and the medium for elongation of the shoot buds. A superior medium for the induction of buds from the cotyledons was MS medium supplemented with BA (5 or 7 mg/l) + PAA (2 mg/l). Buds were elongated during the second stage on medium containing BA (2 or 5 mg/l) + PAA (2 mg/l). On this medium most of the buds elongated, and their number also increased due to the formation of new buds; bud elongation was achieved in 100% of the cultures provided the buds were induced in the primary stage on a medium supplemented with BA+PAA. The shoots that elongated in the second-stage rooted at 100% frequency on a medium supplemented with NAA (1 mg/l). The complete plantlets with well-developed root and shoot systems were transferred to field conditions where they grew to maturity, flowered and fruited normally. While shoot-bud induction from the cultured cotyledons was also observed on media supplemented with BA (5 or 7 mg/l) alone or in combination with IAA (0.2–2 mg/l), buds induced on these media were often distorted, with most not developing into normal shoots in the second-stage subculturing; a rosette of buds was seen in the second stage subculturing. On the other hand, PAA in combination with BA in the primary induction medium and second-stage medium promoted normal development and the elongation of shoot buds. Received: 28 July 1998 / Revision received: 22 December 1998 / Accepted: 19 February 1999     

Influence of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid on organogenesis in lsquo;Crimson Giantrsquo; Easter cactus

Experiments were performed to determine the influence of gibberellic acid (GA₃) and benzyladenine (BA) on organogenesis of lsquo;Crimson Giantrsquo; Easter cactus [Hatiora gaertneri (Regel) Barthlott] phylloclades cultured in vitro. The numbers of flower buds and new phylloclades increased linearly as BA concentration increased from 0 to 444.1 micro;M. GA₃ increased the number of new phylloclades when present in moderate concentrations (2.9 or 28.9 micro;M), but inhibited flower bud formation when present in concentrations as low as 0.3 micro;M. The inhibitory effect of GA₃ on flower bud formation was diminished when the medium was amended with BA at 44.4 or 444.1 micro;M. Explants cultured in media that contained 288.7 micro;M GA₃ produced fewer organs (new phylloclades plus flower buds) compared to those cultured in media with 0, 0.3, 2.9, or 28.9 micro;M GA₃. BA and GA₃ concentrations also affected the percentage of explants with flower buds and the percentage of explants with new phylloclades. This study shows that organogenesis in H. gaertneri can be controlled by varying the concentrations of BA and GA₃ in the culture medium.