肠球菌对万古霉素药敏实验方法的探讨

目的 :用 4种药敏试验方法比较肠球菌对万古霉素药敏结果的可靠性。方法 :采用Vitek 32型GPB TG药敏卡、肉汤稀释法、K B纸片扩散法和琼脂筛选法进行球肠菌对万古霉素的药敏实验。结果 :Vitek药敏卡和肉汤稀释法的药敏结果无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,K B法药敏结果与上述两种方法比较 ,有非常显著的差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :肠球菌对万古霉素的药敏检测方法最好采用仪器法或肉汤稀释法 ,K B纸片扩散法度及耐药结果不可靠 ,琼脂筛选法检测对万古霉素低水平耐药的肠球菌最灵敏     

头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌

目的 对头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的可靠性和临床实用性进行评估。方法 用头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测临床分离的124株金黄色葡萄球菌,并与苯唑西林纸片扩散法、琼脂筛选法、琼脂稀释法和胶乳凝集法、mecA基因的检测结果进行比较。结果 mecA基因阳性的90株金黄色葡萄球菌头孢西丁纸片扩散法和胶乳凝集法的敏感性分别为100％和98．9％,特异性均为100％,苯唑西林纸片扩散法、琼脂筛选法和琼脂稀释法的敏感性分别为97．8％、98．9％和97．8％,特异性均为100％。结论 头孢西丁纸片扩散法与mecA基因的检测结果高度一致,是筛选和确认MRSA的一种简便可靠的方法。     

两株对万古霉素敏感性减低金黄色葡萄球菌的透射电镜下超微结构观察

目的 对前期课题筛选出的万古霉素中介金黄色葡萄球菌（vancomycin intermediate Stapylococcus aureus,VISA）及异质性耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌（heterogeneous vancomycin resistant Stapylococcus aureus，hetero-VISA）进行透射电镜下的超微结构观察。方法 用KB法、琼脂稀释法和E-test 法、菌谱分析法对分离出的VISA 和h-VISA 进行确认，并用透射电镜法对其进行超微结构观察。结果 检测到的VISA 和h-VISA 经透射电镜观察发现菌株较标准菌株细胞壁增厚，细胞表面粗糙。结论 VISA 和h-VISA 等万古霉素敏感性减低金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素耐药很可能是由于细菌细胞壁增厚所引起的。     

甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素药物敏感性试验的方法学比较

目的比较不同药敏试验方法测定万古霉素对甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)抗菌活性的影响。方法收集2013年临床分离的61株MRSA,采用微量肉汤稀释法、琼脂稀释法和E试验法对MRSA进行万古霉素药敏试验的测定。根据CLSI 2014年版标准进行结果判断。采用SPSS软件对3种药敏试验所得万古霉素最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值进行分析。结果MRSA对万古霉素的敏感率均为100%,未见万古霉素不敏感株。微量肉汤稀释法和琼脂稀释法测定万古霉素对MRSA的MIC50和MIC90值均为1 mg/L,采用E试验法测定的MIC50和MIC90值均为1.5 mg/L。3种药敏试验得到的MIC几何平均值分别为1.01(微量肉汤稀释法)、0.96(琼脂稀释法)和1.30(E试验法)。结论 3种药敏方法检测MRSA对万古霉素的敏感性结果虽一致,但由于万古霉素MIC值的细小差异在临床疗效上有着显著差异,故实验室为临床提供万古霉素药敏试验结果时,需要明确指出采用的具体药敏试验测定方法。     

3种药敏检测方法对洋葱伯克霍尔德菌体外抗菌药物药敏结果分析

目的评估微量肉汤稀释法、纸片扩散法和E-test法检测洋葱伯克霍尔德菌体外抗菌药物药敏试验的结果。方法采用微量肉汤稀释法、纸片扩散法和E-test法检测31株洋葱伯克霍尔德菌对复方磺胺甲噁唑、头孢他啶、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、米诺环素、左氧氟沙星和美罗培南这6种抗菌药物的药敏性。以微量肉汤稀释法为参考方法,计算50%最低抑菌浓度(MIC_(50))、敏感率和误差率,分析基本一致率和分类一致率。结果复方磺胺甲噁唑的MIC_(50)为1.00μg/mL,敏感率为100.0%,体外活性最好。头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的MIC_(50)为16.00μg/mL,敏感率只有61.3%,体外活性最差。以微量肉汤稀释法为参考方法,E-test法检测头孢他啶、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和左氧氟沙星的基本一致率和分类一致率均90.0%,且存在一定的误差率,其中左氧氟沙星的非常重大误差为6.5%,头孢哌酮/舒巴的重大误差为12.9%;纸片扩散法检测头孢他啶和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的分类一致率90.0%,且存在一定的误差率,其中米诺环素的非常重大误差为6.5%,头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的重大误差为12.9%;E-test法和纸片扩散法检测复方磺胺甲噁唑和美罗培南敏感率均90.0%,分类一致率均90.0%。结论微量肉汤稀释法、纸片扩散法和E-test法检测洋葱伯克霍尔德菌可能存在不同的误差,应合理选择药敏检测方法,以确保结果的准确性。     

头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌

目的　评价头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA)在临床的应用价值。方法　用头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测临床分离的 94株金黄色葡萄球菌 ,并与苯唑西林纸片扩散法、琼脂稀释法及mecA基因检测进行比较。结果　mecA基因阳性的 77株金黄色葡萄球菌 ,头孢西丁纸片扩散法均显示耐药。结论　头孢西丁纸片扩散法与mecA基因检测高度一致 ,是筛选和确认MRSA的一种可靠的试验方法。     

头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌

目的评价头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRsA)在临床的应用价值。方法用头孢西丁纸片扩散法检测临床分离的94株金黄色葡萄球菌，并与苯唑西林纸片扩散法、琼脂稀释法及mecA基因检测进行比较。结果mecA基因阳性的77株金黄色葡萄球菌，头孢西丁纸片扩散法均显示耐药。结论头孢西丁纸片扩散法与mecA基因检测高度一致，是筛选和确认MRSA的一种可靠的试验方法。     

鲍曼不动杆菌替加环素不同药敏检测方法敏感性对比分析

目的比较采用不同药敏检测方法检测替加环素对鲍曼不动杆菌敏感性的差异。方法 2013年临床分离碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌60株,采用微量肉汤稀释法、MTS测试条法、Vitek2仪器检测法、纸片扩散法分别检测替加环素对鲍曼不动杆菌的敏感性。结果微量肉汤稀释法替加环素敏感性为100.00%,未检测到中介和耐药菌株;MTS测试条法敏感性为81.67%,中介率为18.33%,未检测到耐药菌株;Vitek2仪器法敏感性为50.00%,中介率为43.33%,耐药率为6.67%;纸片扩散法敏感性为45.00%,中介率为45.00%,耐药率为10.00%。结论替加环素对碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌具有较好的抗菌活性,但检测方法的局限性对结果的报告影响较大,以微量肉汤法为标准,MTS测试条法的符合率最高,Vitek2仪器法和纸片扩散法的敏感性显著降低。     

耗氧指示法快速检测耐甲氧苯青霉素葡萄球菌

检测耐甲氧苯青霉素葡萄球菌(MRS)的常用方法有纸片扩散法、肉汤稀释法、琼脂稀释法等 [1],但所需时间较长(24～48 h).应用分子生物学方法检测耐甲氧苯青霉素的耐药基因,需一定的设备,不利于推广.为此我们使用简易耗氧指示法快速测定MRS,并与微量肉汤稀释法、PCR检测mecA基因进行对照,结果满意,现报告如下.     

三种检测耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌方法的比较

目的 比较苯唑西林纸片扩散法、微量琼脂稀释法(MIC)和聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的差异.方法 用上述3种方法同时检测86株临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌.结果 3种方法同时检测出53株MRSA和33株甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌,一致性为100%.结论 三种方法都适于临床实验室准确检测MRSA,尤其是纸片扩散法和MIC法可作为不同级别临床常规实验室确证MRSA检测方法.     

Daptomycin bactericidal activity and correlation between disk and broth microdilution method results in testing of Staphylococcus aureus strains with decreased susceptibility to vancomycin

A total of 207 Staphylococcus aureus strains, including 105 well-characterized strains with decreased susceptibility to vancomycin (17 vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus [VISA] and 88 heteroresistant VISA [hVISA] strains) and 102 wild-type methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA-WT) strains were tested by reference/standardized broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods, as well as by Etest (AB BIODISK, Solna, Sweden), against daptomycin and vancomycin. The lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent that killed > or = 99.9% of the initial inoculum was defined as the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) endpoint, and time-kill curves were performed in selected strains to further evaluate bactericidal activity. All MRSA-WT and hVISA strains were inhibited by < or = 1 microg/ml of daptomycin, while the VISA strains showed slightly higher daptomycin MICs (range, 0.5 to 4 microg/ml). All daptomycin MBC results were at the MIC or twofold higher. In contrast, 14.7% of MRSA-WT, 69.3% of hVISA, and all VISA strains showed a vancomycin MBC/MIC ratio of > or = 32 or an MBC of > or = 16 microg/ml (tolerant). The correlation coefficients between broth microdilution and disk diffusion method results were low for daptomycin (0.07) and vancomycin (0.11). Eight (3.8%) strains (all hVISA or VISA) were "nonsusceptible" to daptomycin by broth microdilution methods but susceptible by the disk diffusion method. For vancomycin, 35 (16.9%) strains were nonsusceptible by broth microdilution methods but susceptible by disk diffusion methods. In conclusion, daptomycin was highly bactericidal against S. aureus strains, and its bactericidal activity was not affected by decreased susceptibility to vancomycin. In contrast, many (one in seven) contemporary MRSA-WT, the majority of hVISA, and all VISA strains showed vancomycin MBC/MIC ratios consistent with tolerance, a predictor of poor clinical response. Disk diffusion tests generally failed to detect strains categorized as nonsusceptible to daptomycin or vancomycin by the reference broth microdilution method or Etest, and reassessment of breakpoints should be immediately attempted for MIC methods suggested as the test of choice.     

Comparative evaluation of the MRS test. A 4 to 6 hour screening test for detecting oxacillin-resistant staphylococci

A total of 131 strains of S. aureus and 25 strains of unspeciated coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) initially tested by automated methods for susceptibility to oxacillin were concurrently retested using standardized disk diffusion, reference 2% NaCl-supplemented broth microdilution, oxacillin salt agar, and the MRS test (a commercially prepared broth screening method). Compared to the reference broth microdilution test results, the MRS test was 97% sensitive for S. aureus, 95% sensitive for CNS, and 100% specific for all staphylococci. Results were available in 4 hr for S. aureus and less than 6 hr for CNS. The oxacillin salt agar screen had sensitivities of 93 to 99% with a specificity of 100%. Although the disk diffusion method was the most sensitive method (100%), it was the least specific (83% for S. aureus and 80% for CNS). Differences in manufacturers' agar affected results with most discrepancies resulting in a false-resistant interpretation. Although inoculum standardization was important for accurate susceptibility test results, overinoculation alone could not account for the 30 isolates falsely-resistant to oxacillin by the Vitek AMS or Abbott MS-2. Contaminants or card-fill problems may have also have been responsible for some of the discrepancies. The MRS test was considered to be an acceptable alternative screen or a supplement to other methods for same-day testing for ORS.     

Activity of retapamulin against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus evaluated by agar dilution, microdilution, E-test, and disk diffusion methodologies

The in vitro activity of retapamulin against 106 Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 109 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates was evaluated by the agar dilution, broth microdilution, E-test, and disk diffusion methodologies. Where possible, the tests were performed by using the CLSI methodology. The results of agar dilution, broth microdilution, and E-test (all with incubation in ambient air) for S. aureus yielded similar MICs, in the range of 0.03 to 0.25 microg/ml. These values corresponded to zone diameters between 25 and 33 mm by the use of a 2-microg retapamulin disk. Overall, 99% of the agar dilution results and 95% of E-test results for S. aureus were within +/-1 dilution of the microdilution results. For S. pyogenes, the MICs obtained by the agar and broth microdilution methods (both after incubation in ambient air) were in the range of 0.008 to 0.03 microg/ml, and E-test MICs (with incubation in ambient air) were 0.016 to 0.06 microg/ml. For S. pyogenes, 100% of the agar dilution MIC results were within +/-1 dilution of the broth microdilution results. E-test MICs (after incubation in ambient air) were within +/-1 and +/-2 dilutions of the broth microdilution results for 76% and 99% of the isolates, respectively. E-test MICs for S. pyogenes strains in CO(2) were up to 4 dilutions higher than those in ambient air. Therefore, it is recommended that when retapamulin MICs are determined by E-test, incubation be done in ambient air and not in CO(2), due to the adverse effect of CO(2) on the activity of this compound. Diffusion zones (with incubation in CO(2)) for S. pyogenes were 18 to 24 mm. Retapamulin MICs for all strains by all methods (with incubation in ambient air) were < or =0.25 microg/ml. These results demonstrate that S. pyogenes (including macrolide-resistant strains) and S. aureus (including methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-nonsusceptible strains) are inhibited by very low concentrations of retapamulin and that all four testing methods are satisfactory for use for susceptibility testing.     

The prevalence of staphylococcal resistance to penicillinase-resistant penicillins. A retrospective and prospective national surveillance trial of isolates from 40 medical centers

In a retrospective survey of resistance to penicillinase-resistant penicillins (PRPs) in 152,076 clinical staphylococcal strains isolated in 40 United States Hospitals in 1985 and 1986, rates of resistance to oxacillin were found to be 11 and 13%, respectively, among Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The rates were approximately four times higher among coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains. In a prospective study of 1,408 wound or bacteremia isolates from the participant hospitals, oxacillin and methicillin agar screening, disk diffusion, and broth microdilution testing were conducted at a single reference laboratory. These tests yielded PRP resistance rates of 15% among S. aureus, 75% among S. epidermidis, and 48% among other coagulase-negative strains. No major changes in the distribution of resistance rates among hospitals or by hospital type were observed. Dilution susceptibility testing of several antimicrobial agents against PRP-resistant isolates and species-matched susceptible isolates from the same hospital showed that teicoplanin and vancomycin were the most active drugs (100% of S. aureus isolates were susceptible). Teicoplanin and vancomycin disk diffusion testing of all PRP-resistant staphylococcal strains also showed that these isolates were susceptible to the glycopeptides. However, agar dilution screening and broth microdilution tests revealed that several coagulase-negative strains, predominantly S. haemolyticus, had teicoplanin MICs greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml. S. haemolyticus isolates represented a very small number of the total stains tested. Teicoplanin and vancomycin were also the most active drugs when tested against older (1962-82) clinical PRP-resistant S. aureus strains from the reference laboratory collection. The methods found to be superior in detecting PRP-resistant strains were the oxacillin 6 micrograms/ml agar screening test in 4% NaCl-supplemented Mueller-Hinton agar and the 1 microgram oxacillin disk test. By reference laboratory standards, participant laboratories were incorrect in only 2.3% of species identifications and 4.5% of oxacillin-susceptibility determinations, indicating acceptable contemporary agreement and accuracy.     

Phenotypic detection of mec A-positive staphylococcal blood stream isolates: High accuracy of simple disk diffusion tests

Detection of oxacillin-resistance in staphylococci by phenotypic methods remains problematic. Although standardized susceptibility test methods are adequate for Staphylococcus aureus, many are less satisfactory for the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). We have studied 108 consecutive blood culture isolates of staphylococci. The mec A gene was detected by PCR in one S. aureus and 55 CNS isolates. Susceptibility testing was performed as follows: oxacillin (1-μg), ceftizoxime (30-μg), and cephalothin (30-μg) by disk diffusion; oxacillin, ceftizoxime, cephalothin, methicillin, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, penicillin, cefazolin, imipenem, and meropenem by the broth microdilution method. In addition, isolates were tested by the oxacillin agar screen plate method. The single oxacillin-resistant S. aureus strain was detected by all oxacillin susceptibility test methods and by the ceftizoxime disk and MIC methods. Two oxacillin-susceptible S. aureus were intermediate (minor error) by ceftizoxime broth microdilution (MIC, 16 μg/mL). The most sensitive, simple phenotypic methods for detection of oxacillin-resistant CNS (mec A positive) were as follows: oxacillin disk diffusion at 98%, oxacillin screen plate at 91%, oxacillin broth microdilution at 87%, ceftizoxime disk diffusion at 100%, ceftizoxime broth microdilution at 87%, and methicillin broth microdilution at 83%. These results indicate that oxacillin and ceftizoxime disk diffusion tests are the most accurate phenotypic methods in routine clinical use for detection of oxacillin-resistant CNS. Oxacillin broth microdilution MIC testing (2% NaCl supplement) would perform more satisfactorily (100% sensitivity) with an adjusted interpretive breakpoint at ⩽0.5 μg/mL, in contrast to the lower accuracy of the “so-called” reference agar screen test.     

Occurrence of vancomycin-intermediate-resistant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus aureus</Emphasis> in Japan

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) amended the criteria for vancomycin susceptibility and resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in 2006. The earlier criteria had established that S. aureus with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin of < or =4 microg/ml, 8 to 16 microg/ml, and > or =32 microg/ml were vancomycin-susceptible, -intermediate-resistant and -resistant, respectively. The revised recommendation states that bacteria showing vancomycin MICs of < or =2 microg/ml, 4 to 8 microg/ml, and > or =16 microg/ml are -susceptible, -intermediate-resistant, and -resistant, respectively. We examined, based on these new criteria, the vancomycin susceptibility of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains isolated in Japan from 1978 through 2005 at 17 general hospitals. The results showed that, among 2446 MRSA isolates tested, 8 were classified as intermediate-vancomycin-resistant (VISA). Re-examination of vancomycin susceptibility in these 8 strains in 2006 revealed that 6 strains showed a vancomycin MIC of 4 microg/ml, as tested by the agar dilution method, broth dilution methods, and E-test; the 2 other strains had lost the vancomycin resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of the chromosomal DNA of these strains exhibited five unique profiles; 2 strains isolated from the same hospital were identical. These results revealed that at least five different types of VISA strains could be identified in Japan so far according to the new CLSI criteria. All these VISA strains had type II staphylococcal cassette chromosome, mec. This study revealed, for the first time in Japan, the presence of intermediate vancomycin-resistant MRSA in this country.     

Combinations of Vancomycin and β-Lactams Are Synergistic against Staphylococci with Reduced Susceptibilities to Vancomycin

Evidence of synergism between combinations of vancomycin and beta-lactam antibiotics against 59 isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus) for which vancomycin MICs ranged from 1 to 16 microg/ml were tested by broth microdilution checkerboard, disk diffusion, agar dilution, and time-kill antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The combination of vancomycin and oxacillin demonstrated synergy by all test methods against 30 of 59 isolates; no antagonism was seen. Synergy with vancomycin was also found by modified disk diffusion testing for ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate but not for aztreonam. Evidence of synergy correlated directly with vancomycin MICs. The efficacy of vancomycin given alone and in combination with nafcillin was tested in the rabbit model of experimental endocarditis caused by three clinical isolates of glycopeptide-intermediate-susceptible S. aureus (GISA) (isolates HIP5827, HIP5836, and MU50). Two of the GISA isolates (isolates MU50 and HIP5836) were extremely virulent in this model, with 27 of 42 (64%) animals dying during the 3-day trial. Therapy with either vancomycin or nafcillin given as a single agent was ineffective for animals infected with HIP5827 or MU50. However, the combination of vancomycin and nafcillin resulted in a mean reduction of 4.52 log10 CFU/g of aortic valvular vegetations per g compared to the reduction for controls for animals infected with HIP5827 and a reduction of 4. 15 log10 CFU/g for animals infected with MU50. Renal abscesses caused by HIP5827 were sterilized significantly better with the combination of vancomycin and nafcillin than by either treatment alone. We conclude that the combination of vancomycin and beta-lactams with antistaphylococcal activity is an effective regimen for the treatment of infections with clinical strains of staphylococci which demonstrate reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides.     

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus heterogeneously resistant to vancomycin in a Turkish university hospital

OBJECTIVES: We investigated vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and heterogeneously vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hetero-VISA) isolates from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients at Hacettepe University over a 4 year period. METHODS: Strains were screened for VISA and hetero-VISA by using brain heart infusion agar containing 4 mg/L vancomycin (BHI-V4) and macro Etest. Confirmation of the isolates that were found to have intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin with either of the methods was done by population analysis of subpopulations with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. The MIC of vancomycin for the isolates grown on BHI-V4 was determined by the microdilution method. RESULTS: Among 256 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, 145 grew on BHI-V4. Forty-six of these were also found to be heterogeneously vancomycin-intermediate strains when screened with the macro Etest. There were no VISA among 256 MRSA tested but 46 (17.97%) S. aureus strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin were identified by population analysis. Vancomycin MIC values for all isolates with reduced susceptibility were between 相似文献   

异质性万古霉素中介金黄色葡萄球菌的分离及检测方法的建立

目的 了解异质性万古霉素中介金黄色葡萄球菌(h-VISA)的分离情况,并筛选简便可行的h-VISA的检测方法.方法 采用琼脂稀释法和E-test法对分离出的113株金黄色葡萄球菌进行检测,筛选出的可疑h-VISA用菌谱分析法进行确认,并对文献推荐的几种方法的筛选效果进行比较.结果 检测到1株万古霉素的MIC为3 μg/mL和2株MIC为4 μg/mL的MRSA,为万古霉素敏感性减低的金黄色葡萄球菌,其中1株MIC为4 μg/mL的MRSA经菌谱分析法证实为h-VISA,本次113株实验菌株h-VISA的检出率为0.88%.结论 通过实验证实K-B法并不是检测h-VISA的理想方法,而菌谱分析法则较为有效,分离率为8.3%,且在本实验中灵敏度可达10-8.本院分离的MRSA中已出现万古霉素敏感性减低菌株,并分离出1株h-VISA,可见,MRSA对万古霉素的异质性中介耐药不容忽视,应引起国内医学界的广泛重视.     

金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株对万古霉素敏感性的监测

目的检测金黄色葡萄球菌（金葡菌）对万古霉素药物敏感情况,以监控对万古霉素敏感性降低金葡菌[vaneomyein-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus（S．aureus）,VISA]或耐万古霉素金葡菌（vancomycin-resistant S．aureus,VRSA）的出现,防止其暴发流行。方法对石家庄市区2家三级甲等医院分离自痰液、支气管肺泡灌洗液等临床标本的55株金葡菌应用苯唑西林纸片和头孢西丁纸片检测是否为耐甲氧西林的金葡菌（methieilin-resistant S．aureus,MRSA）;对检出的MRSA,再用胶乳凝集试验检测青霉素结合蛋白2a（PBp-2a）进一步确认。应用Kirb-Bauer纸片法和琼脂稀释法测定万古霉素对55株金葡菌的抑菌环大小和最低抑菌浓度（MIC值）,并比较MRSA与对甲氧西林敏感的金葡菌（methieilin-suseeptibility S．aureus,MSSA）的MIC差异。同时对2004～2005年河北医科大学第二医院分离金葡菌的耐药性状况进行了回顾分析。结果55株金葡菌的万古霉素抑菌环直径15～21mm,MIC≤1mg／L,且MRSA与MSSA两组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。河北医科大学第二医院2004年、2005年MRSA的检出率分别为56．8％和64．5％。结论石家庄市区医院分离的55株金葡菌中未检出VISA或VRSA,但部分菌株已经接近耐药折点,应密切关注其发展动向;MRSA的耐药机制可能与金葡菌对糖肽类抗生素耐药无直接相关性。