时效与形变对Cu-Cr-Zr合金性能的影响

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu 0 .3Cr 0 .0 48Zr合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明 :合金经 92 0℃× 1h固溶后 ,在 5 5 0℃时效可获得较高的电导率 ,在 5 0 0℃时效可获得较高的显微硬度。时效前加以冷变形可以加速时效初期第二相的析出 ,使合金的性能以较快的幅度上升 ,合金经 60 %变形后 5 0 0℃时效 0 .5h时 ,电导率和显微硬度分别可达 45 .96MS/m和14 2 .2HV ,而固溶后直接时效仅为 3 3 .95MS/m和 99.7HV。     

稀土Y掺杂对Cu-Cr-Zr合金时效性能的影响

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu-Cr-Zr-Y合金时效性能的影响.结果表明:Cu-0.41Cr-0.10 Zr合金在950℃×1h固溶后,在520℃时效2 h能获得较高的显微硬度和导电率;固溶后合金经60%变形后在520℃时效30 min时,硬度可达147.9 HV,导电率可达83.97%IACS,比固溶后直接时效分别高出约41HV和14%IACS.而加入稀土元素Y后,使Cu-Cr-Zr合金的显微硬度提高了约9HV,而导电率降低了约3%IACS.     

Cu-Ag-Cr合金时效析出行为研究

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu-0.1Ag-0.61Cr合金性能的影响。结果表明:合金经980℃×20 min固溶后,在480℃时效1 h可获得较高的导电率和硬度。时效前对合金加以冷变形可以显著提高其显微硬度,合金经60%变形后在480℃时效30 min时,峰值硬度可达165.13 HV,导电率可达83%IACS,而固溶后直接时效分别仅为153.46 HV和77.63%IACS。与Cu-0.1Ag-0.46Cr合金相比其显微硬度有较大提高而导电率降低很少。     

时效和冷变形对Cu-Ni-Si-Cr-P合金组织和性能的影响

研究了时效温度、时间和冷变形后时效对Cu-Ni-Si-Cr-P合金微观组织和性能的影响。结果表明,合金经900℃固溶处理后,在500℃×2h时效时合金电导率和硬度(HV)分别达到21.87 MS/m和234.5。变形量为60%的Cu-Ni-SiCr-P合金经450℃×1h时效可获得良好的综合性能,其电导率达到20.07MS/m,硬度(HV)达到255.3。对Cu-Ni-Si-CrP合金450℃时效试样进行显微分析,发现了细小弥散的Ni2Si和Ni3P析出物。     

时效对熔铸CuCr25触头材料组织与性能的影响

在中频感应炉中采用大气熔铸法制备了CuCr25合金触头材料,利用扫描电镜对其铸态、锻态以及固溶态的显微组织进行了分析,并测定了时效和变形量对电导率和显微硬度的影响。结果表明,CuCr25合金经锻造后可以获得均匀的组织分布;在950℃×1h固溶后,在440℃时效6h可获得较高的电导率和显微硬度;固溶后经40%冷变形,在440℃时效2h后,电导率和显微硬度HV分别可达33·1M·S/m和174,比固溶后直接时效分别高出5·8M·S/m和27。     

Cu-Cr-Fe合金的时效析出行为

采用真空熔炼方法制备了Cu-0.32Cr-1.82Fe、Cu-0.33Cr和Cu-1.87Fe合金,随后分别进行了固溶-时效和固溶-冷变形-时效处理.采用XRD物相分析、点阵参数测量、硬度和电导率测试等手段,研究了合金在不同热处理状态下的时效行为.结果表明,同时添加Cr、Fe元素能够显著提高合金硬度,但对导电性能影响不大.Cu-0.32Cr-1.82Fe合金经1 000℃×2 h固溶处理、80%变形,在480℃时效60 min后其硬度(HV)和电导率分别可达215和31.9 MS/m.     

时效对Cu-2.0Ni-0.5Si合金组织和性能的影响

研究了时效温度和时效时间对不同冷变形条件下Cu 2.0Ni 0.5Si合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明,合金经900 ℃固溶,在经不同冷变形后时效,第二相呈弥散分布,当变形量为80%,时效温度为500 ℃,时效时间为1 h时,其显微硬度HV达到250,电导率达到22.625 MS/m,与未经过预冷变形的合金时效相比,合金能获得较高的显微硬度与电导率.时效前的预冷变形能够有力的促进合金在时效过程中第二相的析出,从而提高合金的显微硬度和电导率.合金经40%预冷变形,450 ℃×4 h时效后,其抗拉强度达到620 MPa.拉伸试样断口表现出明显的塑性断裂特征.     

热处理对点焊电极用Cu-Cr-Zr-Ni-Si合金性能的影响

以Cu-Cr-Zr合金为基体,向其中添加Ni和Si,制备了Cu-Cr-Zr-Ni-Si合金,研究了固溶+时效处理对该合金的导电性能和显微硬度的影响。结果发现,随着固溶温度升高,Cu-0.6Cr-0.15Zr-2.8Ni-0.9Si合金的硬度(HV)快速下降,最低为95,电导率小幅降低,维持在9.28~10.44 MS/m之间,时效后合金电导率和硬度有较大提升。合金经960℃×2h固溶+550℃×1h时效,电导率为20.30 MS/m,硬度(HV)为273。     

时效对Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金微观组织和性能的影响

研究了时效及冷变形后时效对Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金微观组织和性能的影响。结果表明,固溶处理后,合金在500℃时效4h可以获得良好的综合性能,电导率和硬度(HV)分别达到22.34MS/m和220.1。变形量为80%的Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金在450℃时效2h获得良好的综合性能,电导率和硬度(HV)分别为22.50 MS/m和267.5。对Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金时效试样进行显微分析,其析出相呈细小弥散分布,经选区电子衍射分析发现析出相为Ni2Si,同时发现Cr单质存在。     

热处理工艺对Cu-Ni-Si-Fe-P合金组织与性能的影响

向Cu-Ni-Si合金中添加少量的Fe、P,制备了Cu-Ni-Si-Fe-P合金。研究了热处理对Cu-1.7Ni-0.5Si-0.27Fe-0.03P合金显微组织演变、电导率和硬度的影响。结果表明,随着固溶温度升高,合金中树枝状的析出物逐渐溶解,在850℃×1h固溶处理后析出相充分固溶于基体中。合金硬度(HV)随着固溶温度升高而快速下降,最低达到107.39;电导率小幅下降,最低为12.75MS/m。经850℃×1h固溶处理+500℃×3h时效后,硬度(HV)达到208.10,电导率达到23.78MS/m,软化温度达到568.7℃。合金在时效初期先析出大颗粒的NiSiFeP等化合物,时效后分解成较小的FeP和NiSi化合物。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.