基于二次相关的时延估计方法研究

以空间任意多元传感器阵列为模型,以被动定位算法为基础,针对传统时延估计方法中的互相关算法存在着估计精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于二次相关的时延估计方法。该方法首先对信号作自相关提高信噪比,再将自相关函数和互相关函数作相关处理得到时延值。理论和实验结果都表明:相对于传统的互相关时延估计方法,二次相关法可以明显的抑制噪声对信号时延估计的影响,提高时延估计的精度。     

目标声定位时延估计的对比研究

根据被动声定位的基本原理，对影响定位精度的关键因素进行了研究，讨论了战场环境中各种时延估计方法的使用条件和效能，分析了广义互相关法、相位谱法、自适应滤波器参量法，并进行了对比。用ＲＯＴＨ权函数广义互相关法对直升机声场信号进行相关分析。结果表明：广义互相关法较大地改善了时延估值精度以及检测性能，能够适应复杂的战场环境。     

基于DSP的被动声探测时延估计

时延估计在被动声定位中是一个关键的参数,它的精度直接影响定位的精度.文中着重探讨了时延估计的基本理论及系统的软硬件设计.采用了ROTH加权处理的互相关性对采集到的声信号进行了处理.实验结果表明该算法能够从复杂的声信号中提取出时延值且效果明显.     

基于经验模式分解的广义互相关时延估计

提出一种基于经验模式分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)的广义互相关时延估计方法,用来解决信号非稳态且采集信号的各个通道间存在相关性噪声的条件下如何提高时延估计精度的问题.利用EMD处理非稳态、非线性信号具有良好的自适应性的特点,将声信号分解为多个本征模态函数(Intrinsic ModeFunction,IMF),然后对相应的IMF进行互相关获得多尺度时延值.针对多个时延值不相等的问题,给出了选择精确时延的频谱一致性和时延矢量匹配两个准则,提高了该方法的实用性;并将这一理论应用于声阵列对声源的定位.试验证明:该方法能够在信号非稳态且采集信号的各个通道间存在相关性噪声条件下实现时延的精确估计,并提高了定位精度和时延估计的稳健性.     

智能雷弹被动声定位精度问题

主要研究反直升机被动声定位的精度问题．建立了定位的计算模型，重点分析了影响定位精度的因素，论证了保证定位精度所需要的采样率和采样分辨率，论证了采用高频窄带信号来提高时延估计计算精度的可行性，使得定位精度可以达到５％ 以上．还分析了一种压缩信号频谱方法来提高相关分析的分辨率，从而提高雷弹的定位精度．并在此基础上设计了实现目标识别和定位的系统结构原理框图．     

目标声定位时延估计的对比研究

根据被动声定位珠基本原理，对影响定位精度的关键因素进行了研究，讨论了战场环境中各种时延估计方法的使用条件和效能，分析了广义互相关法，相位谱法，自适应滤波器参量法，并进行了对比，用ＲＯＴＨ权函数广义互相关法对直升机声场信息进行相关分析。     

基于单矢量水听器多途宽带信号的三维定位算法

针对多途环境下波形未知的近场宽带信号,提出了一种使用单矢量水听器进行三维定位的新算法。对声压与振速互相关函数的推导结果表明:当信号带宽大于直达波和海面一次反射波之间时延的倒数时,互相关函数的两副峰可与主峰分离;两副峰的峰值分别包含两路径的波达方向信息,而其位置对应两路径之间的时延差。仿真结果表明:当直达波和反射波在时域上重叠时,利用两副峰峰值仍然能够有效估计出直达波波达方向;通过构造"互相关峰锐化函数"锐化两幅峰,在低信噪比情况下可提高多途时延估计精度。最后,以多途时延与直达波波达方向为变量建立方程组,估计目标的距离和深度。该算法的定位精度通过Monte-Carlo仿真进行了分析,并深入讨论了其适用性,湖试结果进一步验证了该算法的可行性。     

基于小波奇异特征约束的期望最大时延估计算法

针对低信噪比条件下非平稳信号时延估计精度低的问题,提出基于小波奇异特征约束的期望最大时延估计算法。设计小波奇异性特征尺度广义互相关矩阵,构建多尺度小波奇异特征约束下的期望最大化模型。推导参数更新公式,利用期望最大化算法并行迭代,求取奇异性特征显著性最大条件下信号的自适应尺度以及该尺度下声源信号的最优时延估计值。仿真和实验结果表明,所提算法在低信噪比条件下,相较于传统广义互相关时延估计算法以及改进算法具有较高的时延估计精度,并且有效提高了误差约束范围内的有效估计成功率。     

基于互相关和MUSIC算法的时延估计

为了避免相位干涉仪测向技术中存在的模糊问题,提高宽带信号时延估计的测量精度,把互相关和多重信号分类算法结合,引入到频域时延估计领域,研究了互相关MUSIC算法.利用互相关技术可消除非相关噪声,检测概率增加,减小了运算量.仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的估计精度,较强的抗噪性和较强的鲁棒性,适用于电子对抗领域中的时延估计.     

界面反射对定位系统性能影响及应对策略研究

基于同步式水声定位系，统的定位解算原理，分析了单阵元时延估计误差对系统定位精度的影响。结合水声信道特点，揭示了目标位于不同位置时直达声和海面一次反射声相位差的变化规律；探讨了界面反射对系统定位精度影响的物理机理；并利用“相消干涉”信号前后“边沿”的时延差等于发射信号长度这一信号叠加特征改进常规信号检测器的信号处理逻辑，以提高信号检测能力和时延估计精度，减小多途影响，改善水声定位系统性能。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.