地铁车站水冷直接制冷式空调机组性能测试研究

通过对水冷直接制冷式空调机组的各项性能实验,测试了样机综合部分负荷性能系数,分析了各主要因素对机组性能参数和状态参数的影响规律,结果表明:机组的迎面风速与蒸发器湿球温度换热效率呈负相关;机组压缩机及风机的转速变化对机组的制冷量及能效比影响较大。     

土壤源水冷多联机系统冬季工况运行能效实测研究

以南京某土壤源水冷多联机系统为研究对象,通过测试其实际运行数据,对水冷多联机机组能效、输配系统能效、空调系统能效进行研究。研究结果表明:冬季制热工况下,水冷多联机机组在部分负荷状态下,其性能随负荷率的增大先增后减,在负荷率为0.4~0.6之间时达到最大值;机组的综合部分负荷性能系数为4.58;输送能效比变化范围为0.067~1.55,空调系统能效比变化范围为2.14~4.7。     

基于AHRI新能效标准下的空调机组性能测试及研究

美国标准ANSI/AHRI Standard 340/360-2007使用IEER(Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio,综合能效比)来替代IPLV(Integrated Part Load Value,综合部分负荷性能系数)作为工业和商业用单元式空调及热泵设备的性能评价指标。在焓差性能实验室里对单元式空调机组进行满负荷以及其他部分负荷下的性能测试。计算出机组综合能效比IEER,并从不同的方面比较IEER评价方法与IPLV评价方法所存在的区别,分析了美国使用IEER替代IPLV作为工业商业用单元式空调机及热泵设备的性能评价指标的动机及意义。经对比得出使用IEER评价方法可以更科学地评价机组性能,对能源的可持续发展可产生良好效应。     

冷水机组综合部分负荷性能指标与能耗计算

探讨了ARI标准550／590-2003中综合部分负荷性能系数的含义及其与季节能效比的关系,认为季节能效比能更全面地反映冷水机组的季节或全年平均能源利用效率。给出了一个简单实用的全年能耗计算公式和一个基于全年能耗的部分负荷性能指标。     

冷水机组节能驱动与控制系统的选择与计算（三）

本文提出一种在工程设计中能快速列表计算、具有几种不同节能驱动与控制系统的冷水机组的综合部分负荷性能系数LPLV的方法。这些部基于LPLV的标准公式和它们的特性曲线族图表。比较它们的IPLV的计算结果的大小,即能选择高效驱动节能控制系统。关键词冷水机组ARI标准国家标准综合部分负荷性能系数性能系数能效比能耗比驱动特性曲线族图表变频驱动恒速驱动节能驱动与控制系统     

大容量多联机空调系统的运行特性分析

利用多联机空调(MSAC)系统仿真平台,以制冷工况下室内机容量连续调节的多联机空调系统为例,探讨了大容量多联机系统的稳态运行特性。结果表明,多联机空调系统随连接管长度的增加,其制冷量有较大的衰减,且制冷能效比COPc的性能域宽度逐渐增大;对于单模块室外机组多联机空调系统而言,采用多台压缩机时,其部分负荷下的COPc优于单台压缩机构成的系统;由多个模块室外机组并联拼装构成的多联机空调系统,随室外机组数量的增加,其COPc逐渐降低,故并联的模块室外机组数量不宜太多,以免削弱多联机系统部分负荷率时的高能效比优势。     

风冷式与水冷式单元空调机组的对比

从不同方面比较了风冷式和水冷式单元空调机组的优缺点,包括机组能效比、名义工况冷源综合制冷性能系数、机房面积以及对总体建筑环境的影响.指出了对于大型会展建筑中冷热负荷具有临时性的空调区域,分散式风冷单元空调机组有较好的发展前景.     

地铁车站水冷直接制冷空调机组IPLV计算方法

地铁车站水冷直接制冷空调机组是最近出现的一种专门用于地铁车站的空调机组,具有较好的节能性。对该类型空调机组在我国使用时的综合部分负荷性能系数(IPLV)的计算方法进行了初步研究。首先计算了地铁车站空调季空调逐时负荷,根据对逐时负荷的分析,提出了根据室外湿球温度分频计算IPLV的方法。计算得到了上述类型空调机组在我国各个气候区使用时的IPLV计算公式。对计算过程进行了敏感性分析,结果表明所得计算公式具有较高的可信度。     

行车空调压缩机的热力保护措施

行车空调压缩机排气温度过高是导致行车空调日常停机故障的重要原因，因此在行车空调系统设计时应该设置必要的热力保护装置。本文对设置了热力保护装置的行车空调机进行了装置开启前后的对比实验，实验结果表明使用喷液冷却装置后压缩机排气温度显著下降，但同时制冷量和压缩机功率也有降低的趋势，系统能效比也有所下降。虽然不是一种节能的措施，但对可靠性要求比较高的行车空调来说起到了很好的效果。     

燃气式往复压缩机组节能降耗技术研究

燃气式往复压缩机组是天然气增压开采和增压集输的主要工艺设备,其能耗巨大,运行效率低下。结合气田开采实际,提出4大增压机组节能提效技术:加强机组冷却、减小流动损失以减小压缩机功率损失;调整压缩机组负荷、优化增压工况以增强机组适应性;优化点火提前角、降低发动机热损失以提高发动机效率;优化消声器、润滑系统从而减少辅助系统损失。这些技术的运用能显著提高压缩机效率,减少气田开发成本,达到节能减排效果。     

Thermodynamic perfectibility based analysis of energy-efficiency standards for air conditioning products in China

There are presently different types of air conditioning products in China such as room air conditioners, variable speed room air conditioners, unity air conditioners, multi-connected air-condition (heat pump) unit, chilled water air conditioning systems. For these air conditioning products, evaluation indexes have been created, respectively including energy efficiency ratio (EER), coefficient of performance (COP), seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER) and integrated part load value (IPLV), and their energy efficiency standards have been established. Based on thermodynamic perfectibility, this paper makes the compatible analysis of the energy efficiency and thermodynamic perfectibility gradient of energy efficiency standards for different air conditioning products. According to testing conditions of evaluation indexes, these air conditioning products are classified into two groups, the standard rating conditions group (EER, COP) and the variable working condition group (SEER, IPLV). The results show the thermodynamic perfectibility of different air conditioning products grade as the same level for energy efficiency standards in each group differ from one another. Besides, the average thermodynamic perfectibility gradient of energy efficiency levels for air conditioning product in the standard rating conditions group is basically the same, and that of variable speed room air conditioners and multi-connected air-condition (heat pump) unit are the highest and lowest, respectively.     

定速及变频空调器节能技术的探讨

对如何提高空调器能效比进行了理论分析,指出压缩机喷气增焓技术在提高空调能效比方面有很大的潜力,对如何改进变容量空调SEER的测试方法提出了建议。     

Resonance analysis of opposed piston linear compressor for refrigerator application

The opposed piston linear compressor is considered to be the future of silent, reliable and efficient compression technologies. For long valves, less linear compressors have been widely used in cryocoolers for space applications. Recently research has established its high-performance characteristics which are useful in household refrigeration application. Unlike reciprocating compressors which are driven by rotary motors and need a crank connecting rod mechanism to convert rotary into linear motion, a linear compressor is driven by a linear motor which reduces the number of moving parts. This feature makes the compressor more reliable, more efficient and has a silent operation. The piston (suspended on spring stiffness) in the linear compressor is a free piston, i.e. motion of the piston is not constrained hence the performance of the linear compressor is highly dependent on system resonance. Free piston motion offers the unique advantage of ease of modulation, i.e. the stroke of the compressor and hence the delivery mass flow rate coming out of the compressor can be easily controlled by changing the supply voltage. Resonance in the linear compressor is a function of moving mass, spring stiffness and operating or electrical frequency. Achieving resonance in the linear compressor results in maximising the cooling performance of the refrigerator and minimising the input power requirement and hence an increase in the COP of the refrigeration system. The present paper discusses the results from resonance testing of the opposed piston linear compressor for household refrigerator using the fast Fourier transformation analysis. There are different parameters that are considered to optimise the natural frequency of the opposed piston linear compressor, consisting of frequency, moving mass, and spring stiffness. The piston performs compression and suction in a similar manner as in the conventional reciprocating compressor. An opposed piston linear compressor exhibits high energy efficiency due to its simple construction and less moving parts, its mechanical losses are much less than the reciprocating compressor.     

寒冷地区用空气源热泵的运行特性研究

带闪发器的热泵系统可以有效地改善空气源热泵在低温环境下运行的制热性能和运行可靠性。以带闪发器涡旋压缩机为基础,设计出一台适合寒冷地区使用的空气源热泵空调机组,通过选配毛细管等部件和适宜的控制方案,使热泵系统达到整体匹配。将该样机安放在北京地区进行试验的结果表明,样机能够长期稳定运行,制热量和制热能效比得到提高,能够满足寒冷地区冬季的供暖需求。     

某办公建筑多联机空调系统能耗调查与分析

根据对某办公楼全年电耗的调查结果及当地当年的气象资料,得到了该办公楼多联机空调系统全年能耗数据,分析了该空调系统低能耗的主要原因——机组部分负荷性能系数IPLV值较高,空调自控效果好。以该办公楼为例,计算了多联机空调系统与集中空调系统的能耗,结果表明,多联机空调系统能耗的计算值接近实测值,且略低于集中空调系统能耗;建议在评估空调系统的能耗时应采取理论计算与类似建筑实测值验证结合的做法。     

安徽邮电大厦中央空调系统节能管理

文章介绍了安徽邮电大厦空调系统在末端空调设备、冷却水泵变频改造、制冷杌运行控制和空调系统季节转换等方面采取的节能管理措施。相关实践和运行结果表明。加强公共建筑空调系统的运行管理是实现公共建筑节能切实可行的措施。     

Experimental study on a residential temperature-humidity separate control air-conditioner

According to the temperature and moisture characteristics and current problems experienced in the Yangtze River Area, a temperature-humidity separate control air conditioner was developed. This unit can remove indoor sensible heat and latent heat load separately, and adjust indoor temperature and humidity respectively, thus improve indoor comfort and reduce energy consumption. The air-conditioner consists of an air cooling evaporator and a water cooling evaporator. Orthogonal experiments were designed to study the influence of outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, indoor humidity, compressor frequency, and refrigerant distribution ratio in air cooling evaporator (RDRAE) on the unit performance. The results showed that the dehumidification capacity ranged from 0 to 4.02 kg/h; the EER ranged from 2.71 to 4.57; the cooling capacity ranged from 6822 to 13,080 W. The results can help to make the control logic of the unit, and be used as the basis of energy consumption calculation. Units with temperature and humidity separate control could save about 15.6% of the cooling energy consumption against traditional residential air-conditioner, and 47.8% against the traditional residential air-conditioner that could control both indoor temperature and humidity.     

数码涡旋多联式空调系统冬季运行特性实测

研究了数码涡旋多联式空调系统的冬季运行状况和节能性能,分析了影响系统小时平均供热性能系数HHPF的主要因素,得到了系统HHPF随室内机开机率、室外环境温度和室内设定温度的变化规律以及数码涡旋多联式空调系统部分负荷运行特性。通过计算每个工况点压缩机运行容量百分比,分析了室内机开机率和室外环境温度对压缩机运行容量百分比的影响。     

评价小型空调器性能的状态标志函数

分析了现有空调器性能评价指标的不足，提出了评价空调器性能的状态标志函数ＳＣＦ。ＳＣＦ与空调器的过热度、过冷度、蒸发温度、冷凝温度、压缩机温度有关，它既能够说明空调器无效耗能的多少和空调器能效比高低的原因，又可以用于状态的优化控制和故障诊断，作为微观评价指标，它与现有评价指标能效比结合，将使空调器的性能评价体系更为合理。