聚合物淬火剂在齿轮淬火上的应用

聚合物淬火剂在齿轮淬火上的应用齐齐哈尔齿轮厂（邮编１６１００５）叶国丰易涛机械部北京机电研究所赵海鸥渗碳齿轮淬火通常是用油淬，因为齿轮的形状复杂，对热处理的质量和尺寸精度要求都很高，所以，生产厂家通常是渗碳后直接淬油。但是，油淬的火灾危险及环境污染等...     

可控气氛炉密闭淬火油槽的安全设计问题

0 引言.密闭淬火油槽是可控气氛热处理设备的重要部件,在多种炉型如箱式多用炉、推盘炉等各种炉型中广泛使用.它主要用于光亮淬火、渗碳淬火、氮碳共渗后冷却等工艺中保护工件在出炉后淬火前不氧化,保证淬火后工件硬度,减少变形.可燃气氛的防爆,淬火油着火等问题在淬火槽安全设计中尤为重要.     

真空渗碳后的淬火工艺

本文论述了经低压真空渗碳后的工件淬火时选择油淬或气淬的原因及影响因素.通过采用变速驱动(VSD)、选择适合的钢材、新型混合气体等新的技术手段,真空渗碳加气淬可以有效地减小工件地变形并显著地提高热处理质量及其稳定性.可以应用于绝大部分汽车齿轮工件的热处理.     

大型薄形调质钢板热处理冷压淬火畸变控制

大型钢板调质是热处理行业中多年来难以控制变形、淬火变形大、十分棘手的难题之一.在企业没有专用设备的条件下是很难控制变形量的,校平是最大的难题;采用铸铁平板夹压淬火后,工件变形几乎很小,保证了金相组织及硬度,可谓是一种解决实际问题的热处理淬火创新新工艺.经测量40CrMnMo钢板夹压淬火后表面硬度为51～56 HRC.该工艺简单易行,特别适用于中小企业,小批量或单件生产,也可在其他板形工件淬火调质中使用.     

等温淬火油用于齿轮的淬火冷却

测定了HSFD型等温淬火油和N32机械油的件能指标和冷却特性曲线.通过两种用于齿轮淬火冷却的淬火介质的对比实验分析,讨论了淬火介质的冷却特性对齿轮性能和尺寸变化的影响.结果表明,HSFD型分级等温淬火油可以起到替代N32机械油的作用,并成功地用于齿轮生产,齿轮经热处理后.不仅组织结构、力学性能可以满足要求,而且可以减小齿轮变形.     

热处理变形问题分析及解决措施

热处理是提升金属材料性能的有效途径,但热处理变形往往是无法避免的,这对工件的加工及最终交付是不利的。分析金属材料热处理变形的影响因素,阐述了应力塑性变形和由比容变化引起的体积变形的原理。并针对30CrMnSiA钢杆件热处理后变形大且难以校正,制定了优化热处理工艺、合理的绑扎方式、淬火入油角度等措施,在保证工件硬度要求的前提下,极大地降低了热处理变形量。     

齿轮激光淬火工艺研究

为有效减少齿轮在使用过程中的疲劳点蚀、断齿等失效现象,采用激光淬火对齿轮进行热处理.结果表明,齿轮经激光淬火后.可获得沿齿廓均匀分布的硬化层,齿轮激光淬火变形小,精度高,可有效提高齿轮的使用寿命.     

齿轮淬火冷却中的质量问题及其解决办法

不管是渗碳淬火、碳氮共渗淬火、感应加热淬火还是整体加热淬火,齿轮淬火冷却过程可能出现的热处理质量问题主要有：①淬火态硬度不足,淬火态硬度不均,淬火硬化深度不够;②淬火后心部硬度过高;③淬火变形超差;④淬火开裂;⑤油淬后表面光亮度不够。现场出现的这类质...     

大型轴承套圈渗碳、淬火及模具设计应用

我厂自 1996年以来 ,陆续承接了大型轴承内、外圈渗碳、淬火的加工任务。这些轴承属于大直径薄壁环状件。在热处理过程中 ,既要保证渗层深度 (≥ 4 .5 mm)、淬火硬度、金相组织符合技术要求和检验标准 ,又要保证其变形量符合工艺要求。由于热处理工序复杂 ,渗碳周期长 (见图 1) ,使得变形量控制成为淬火过程中的关键环节。为解决这个矛盾 ,我们以格里森淬火压床为压淬设备 ,设计制造了系列轴承内、外圈淬火模具 ,并在实际应用中不断改进完善 ,取得了满意效果。图 1　轴承套圈的渗碳淬火工艺1　零件概况工件几何尺寸如图 2 a、b、c所示。要求…     

精锻渗碳齿轮用UCON E淬火剂代替油淬

精锻齿轮是齿轮加工的一种先进工艺。由于齿轮形状复杂，精度要求高，所以，生产厂家往往采用渗碳后直接淬油。目前，淬火冷却技术得到了长足发展和倍受人们的重视。水溶性淬火剂的突出优点是无毒、无烟、无腐蚀，不燃和冷速可调。我厂采用UCONE水溶性淬火剂（美国联合碳化公司的原装产品）应用于半轴齿轮的渗碳淬火，其目的是为了彻底消除火患，提高热处理淬火质量，降低生产成本，以期获得良好的经济效益。IXi艺试验结果试验零件为581半轴齿轮，材料为20CrMnTi。在井式渗碳炉中渗碳后直接淬火。为有效控制水溶性淬火剂的冷却特性，淬…     

控制圆锥齿轮热处理畸变的措施

对如何控制圆锥齿轮热处理畸变进行了试验和分析，结果表明，通过改变装炉的方式、淬火方法和控制冷却，能有效地控制齿轮的畸变，解决了生产中的关键问题。     

Advantages of low pressure carburising and high pressure gas quenching technology in manufacturing

Abstract

Over the last decade, vacuum carburising in combination with high pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) has become a preferred technology in gear industry mainly in Europe and North America. Driven by cost savings in manufacturing of gears and shafts, the heat treatment process has gone into the focus of the manufacturers. The potential of savings in heat treatment is huge because the new technology allows the integration into the manufacturing chain of gears and shafts. With vacuum heat treatment furnaces is it possible to implement this integration into manufacturing. The advantages of vacuum technology are in particular: the absence of surface oxidation, the cold wall technology, the gas quenching technology, the reduced logistics, flexible reaction on the needs of production and the control of distortion. In parallel to the development of the new heat treat process, a second point came into the focus of manufacturers: the choice of material. The industry recognised that by choosing a slightly higher alloyed material, significant savings in the entire manufacturing chain can be realised: smaller grinding stock, faster carburising cycles, gas quenching with control of distortion, and ultimately the reduction/elimination of grinding- and straightening operations. Vacuum furnaces are flexible in their reaction to the production requirements. Only with these types of heat treatment furnaces is it possible to switch them off after use and save immediately energy and costs. This benefit was essential for the industry in 2008/09 during the world economic crisis. In the past, the automotive industry in Europe and North America mostly ran on conventional pusher type furnaces which must be kept on operating temperature even if only 50% of installed production capacity is needed. The vacuum furnace of type ModulTherm is a multi-chamber system and each chamber can be switched On or Off according to the production plan which finally saves a huge amount of cost for energy. This paper presents the advantages of the vacuum carburising technology with high pressure gas quenching. The author will demonstrate with examples and comparisons the benefits of vacuum technology and the successfully integration of heat treatment in the manufacturing chain.     

汽车后桥螺旋伞齿轮热处理畸变的控制

某汽车后桥螺旋伞齿轮经渗碳淬火后畸变量较大,一次合格率较低。为此从齿轮的设计、原材料、热处理工艺3方面分析了齿轮热处理畸变的原因,并采取了下列措施：控制原材料组织,采用正确的预备热处理工艺（正火）,提高淬火冷却均匀性,淬火后及时回火,采用合理的吊具等,结果大大减小了齿轮的热处理畸变,其一次合格率从50％～70％提高到了95％～98％。     

渗碳齿轮的热处理畸变及其控制技术

探讨了渗碳淬火齿轮热处理畸变的规律,分析了影响渗碳淬火齿轮热处理畸变的影响因素,介绍了控制渗碳淬火齿轮热处理畸变的技术,并列举了控制齿轮热处理畸变的实例。     

齿轮的热处理畸变与控制

通过大量的试验研究和长期的生产实践，探讨了齿轮在高频淬火和渗碳淬火后的畸变规律，并提出了相应的减少畸变的措施，生产实践表明，采取这些措施后，能有效地控制齿轮畸变，解决生产中的关键问题。     

巴西依顿5125282齿轮率火畸变的控制

齿轮在渗碳淬火中会产生变形,直接影响齿轮的精度,增大噪音,甚至造成偏载。在确保齿轮力学性能的前提下,不改变热处理工艺,采用合适的装夹和选择合理的淬火介质,解决了经渗碳淬火的巴西依顿5125282齿轮齿形、齿向的变形问题。     

圆锥齿轮热处理畸变原因分析及改进措施

通过金相检验、化学分析、硬度检测等手段对主动齿轮热处理畸变与断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明,主动齿轮材料中带状组织严重偏析、淬火温度偏高及工装夹具畸变大等是导致齿轮畸变与断裂的主要原因。经严把材料关,采用合适的校直方法,获得了满意的校直效果。     

Dry and clean age hardening of aluminum alloys by high-pressure gas quenching

When precipitation-hardenable aluminum parts are water quenched, distortion occurs due to thermal stresses. Thereby, a costly reworking is necessary, and for this reason polymer quenchants are often used to reduce distortion, with the disadvantage that the quenched parts have to be cleaned after quenching. In opposition to liquid quenchants, gas quenching may decrease distortion due to the better temperature uniformity during quenching. Furthermore, cleaning of the quenched parts can be avoided because it is a dry process. For this purpose, a heat-treating process was evaluated that included a high-pressure gasquenching step. Gas quenching was applied to different aluminum alloys (i.e., 2024, 6013, 7075, and A357.0), and tensile tests have been carried out to determine the mechanical properties after solution annealing, gas quenching, and aging. Besides high-pressure gas quenching, alloy 2024 was quenched at ambient pressure in a gas nozzle field. The high velocity at the gas outlet leads to an accelerated cooling of the aluminum alloy in this case. Aluminum castings and forgings can be classified as an interesting field of application of these quenching methods due to their near-net shape before the heat treatment. Cost savings would be possible due to the reduced distortion, and therefore, less reworking after the precipitation hardening.     

20NiCrMoH钢的应用

引进产品关键部件差速器、变速箱齿轮、花键轴等诊碳件均采用20NiCrMoH钢制造。检测表明,该钢渗碳时碳化物容易控制,淬火后硬度均匀,热处理变形小,综合性能好,且热处理工艺过程简单。适合用来制造结构复杂、精度要求高的中、小模数渗碳齿轮等零件。