添加Dy2O3对烧结NdFeB磁体微观结构的影响

研究了NdFeB粉末中添加1wt％Dy2O3粉末对烧结NdFeB磁体微观结构的影响，研究发现，在烧结过程中，Dy2O3中的Dy与Nd2Fe14B中的Nd发生了置换反应，Dy进入Nd2Fe14B相，形成了（Nd，Dy）2Fe14B相，提高了磁体的矫顽力。     

镝的分布对烧结和时效含镝钕铁硼永磁合金性能的影响

本文研究了烧结和时效含镝钕铁硼磁体。通过对不同状态磁体的磁滞曲线,场发射电镜以及能谱分析对磁体的磁性能,微结构以及成份进行了分析。结果表明,除了主晶相外,镝元素主要分布在富钕相,钕镝氧化物和位于晶界的富镝颗粒中。优化时效过程促进了镝在磁体中合理的扩散以及分布,镝在烧结磁体,高温时效磁体以及优化时效磁体中富钕相,钕镝氧化物以及含镝颗粒中的含量减少,证明了优化时效后,镝元素在磁体中的合理分布,导致了含镝钕铁硼永磁合金矫顽力的提高。     

钛掺杂无氢类金刚石薄膜疏水性能研究

利用X射线衍射分析（XRD）和BH测试仪分别研究了元素Tb、Zr的添加对HD法制备NdFeB永磁体的微结构及磁性能的影响规律。微结构研究表明,元素Tb、Zr添加前后的磁体都主要由四方相Nd2Fe14B（P42/mnm）和微量的富Nd相构成;但Tb和Zr的添加明显改变了永磁体的取向特性和磁性能;采用HORTA法计算表明,Tb和Zr的添加虽然都使永磁体的（004）、（006）、（008）极密度因子减小,但是室温下磁性能测试表明,Zr的添加降低了磁体的矫顽力,而Tb添加后永磁体的矫顽力有了明显的提升,从2038 kA/m提升到2302 kA/m;Kronmüller-Plot关系曲线表明,3种合金的矫顽力机理均为磁畴成核反转机制。     

添加Dy烧结NdFeB磁体的研究进展

介绍了添加Dy烧结NdFeB磁体的制备方法,包括单相合金粉末烧结法、双相合金粉末烧结法和晶界扩散法,并总结了Dy元素对烧结NdFeB磁体显微结构和磁性能的影响。添加Dy能细化磁体晶粒,并且在Nd2Fe14B晶粒周围形成富稀土层,从而显著提高磁体的矫顽力性能。     

氢对Nd—Dy—Fe—B磁体制作过程的影响

研究了氢对Nd-Dy-Fe-B磁体制作过程的影响，主要包括氢对HD磁粉的氧化和对其后烧结磁体磁性能的影响。研究表明，氢不利于HD磁粉的氧化稳定性能，氢的存在促进磁粉吸湿和电化学腐蚀，加快氧的扩散。HD磁粉经过在一定温度下真空脱气处理后，氧化稳定性提高，特别是在较高温度下进行脱气处理的磁粉。氢的存在使磁粉容易粉碎，加快磁体的烧结过程，降低磁体的烧结温度。同时发现，未脱氢磁体的取向度较低。     

Magnetic properties of R2CoGa3 (R = rare earth) compounds

R₂CoGa₃ compounds (R = Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Er and Y) crystallize in the hexagonal P6,lmcm space group. In these compounds the Co atoms have practically no magnetic moment. The heavy rare earth compounds order ferromagnetically with relatively low Curie temperatures ( 3 K (Er) T_c 50 K (Gd)). The compounds with Tb and Dy, and to a smaller extent the Ho compound, present irreversibilities in their magnetization processes, and there are maxima in the zero-field-cooled susceptibility curves.     

CALCULATION OF THE EXCHANGE INTERACTION CONSTANT BETWEEN RARE-EARTH AND TRANSITION METAL SUBLATTICESIN R_2Fe_(17_x)Al_x(R=Tb, Gd AND Dy)COMPOUNDS

An approximate calculation of the exchange interaction constant JRT between the rare-earth sublattice and the transition metal sublattice in R2Fe17-xAlx (R=Tb, Gd, and Dy) compounds is given by the molecular-field model and the results of neutron diffraction. The calculated values, -JR,T/k, for Dy2Fe17-xAlx (x=5, 6, 7 and 8), Tb2Fe10Al7, Gd2Fe17-xAlx (x = 7, 8) compounds are 8.62K, 8.64K, 9.52K, 10.34K and 10.66K, 10.65K, and 9.85K, respectively, they are in agreement with the experimental values, -JR,T/k, of Dy2Fe17-xAlx (x=5, 6, 7 and 8), Tb2Fe10Al7 and Gd2Fe17-xAlx (x=7, 8) compounds, which are 8.77K, 9.25K, 10.1K, 10.9K and 10.35K, 10.1K, and 10.3K, respectively. The origins of the difference between the calculated and the experimental results are discussed.     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC HARDENING OF SINTERED NdFeB MAGNETS DOPPED WIHT Dy OR Dy_2O_3

The magnetic properties,microstructure and magnetic hardening of sintered(Nd_(1-x)Dy_x)_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8) and Nd_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)+ywt-%Dy_2O_3 magnets have been stud-ied.As an addition of Dy to the magnet during smelting,Dy atoms may enter thematrix phase Nd_2Fe_(14)B,so as to enhance H_A,refine grains and improve boundary struc-ture,as well as to increase H_(ci)of the magnet.If Dy_2O_3 is added to powder materialprior to sintering,Dy atoms diffuse into the epitaxial layer of grains of matrix phasecausing enhancement of K′_1,also refinement of grains and improvement of boundarystructure.The NdFeB based permanent magnets with higher H_(ci) and greater(BH)_mmay be produced by adding about 2—3 wt-% Dy_2O_3 which make a favourable conditionfor lower cost.     

高热稳定性钕铁硼磁体的研制与开发

在有些场合,温度的变化很大,这就要求钕铁硼磁体具有较高的热稳定性,而传统的生产方法所生产的钕铁硼磁体不具有这样的性能。本文通过添加钴、镝、铽、铜、铌、镓等元素,改变钕铁硼晶粒的化学成分;采用SC（快淬速凝薄片）工艺,使合金的柱状晶生长良好,尺寸细小,富Nd相沿晶界均匀分布,有效地改善了合金的微观结构;采用HD（氢破制粉）工艺和双液相烧结工艺,使磁粉不但粒径分布范围窄而且外形规则。从而研制出具有低温度系数、耐高温、高耐蚀的35UH烧结钕铁硼磁体。     

添加Dy和Dy2O3的烧结NdFeB系永磁体的显微结构与磁硬化

研究了(Nd_(1-x)Dy_x)_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)和Nd_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)+ywt-% Dy_2O_3磁体的磁性能、显微结构和磁硬化,在冶炼时添加Dy,Dy原子进入基体相,使其H_A提高,并细化晶粒和改善边界结构,提高磁体的矫顽力H_c,在制粉时添加Dy_2O_3,Dy原子进入基体相晶粒的外延展,使其K_1~2提高,同样细化晶粒和改善边界结构,并减少外延层厚度,提高磁体的矫顽力H_(ci),添加约2—3Wt—%的Dy_2O_3可制造出高H_(ci)高磁能积(BH)_m的NdFeB系烧结永磁材料。     

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 本文综合报道NdFeB永磁体在加工制作过程中至关重要的织构与微结构参数的X射线衍射分析方法。主要内容有:磁取向与晶体学织构关系（包括取向度的研究）；合金中物相含量的Rietveld分析；晶粒大小的测定。这些分析方法对于NdFeB永磁体的研制与开发具有重要的实用价值。     

Magnetic and electrical properties of RCu5.1In6.9 compounds

Magnetic and electrical properties of the RCu_5.1In_6.9 compounds with R=Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er were investigated in the temperature range 4.2–300 K. Additionally, for the compounds of Gd, Tb and Dy exhibiting magnetic anomalies at low temperatures, the magnetization versus magnetic field up to 14 T was measured at 4.2 K. Investigated compounds follow the Curie–Weiss law with relatively small values of the paramagnetic Curie temperature and the values of effective magnetic moment being in fair agreement with the values for the free ions. The electrical resistivity exhibits metallic character. The results are discussed in terms of the differences and similarities with other rare earth intermetallics.     

Effects of carbon on Pr0.15Tb0.30Dy0.55Fe1.85 compound

The structure, Curie temperature and magnetostriction of Pr0.15Tb0.30Dy0.55Fe1.85Cx (x=0-0.1) compounds were investigated by X-ray diffraction, a vibrating sample magnetometer and a standard strain technique.All the samples show entirely MgCu2-type Laves phase structure.The lattice parameter and Curie temperature increase with C content increasing.The magnetostriction at high magnetic field shows maximum value at x=0.05.     

烧结(Nd,Tb)-Fe-B磁体的元素扩散、反磁化和矫顽力

采用双合金法将两种粉末混合制备烧结永磁体可提高磁体磁性能;但在烧结过程中两种粉末之间存在元素扩散,元素扩散对磁性能的影响程度需要进一步研究。本文将Nd13Fe81B6和TbHx粉末混合制备烧结磁体,Nd13Fe81B6磁体矫顽力为4.5 kOe。当TbHx混合量为3 wt.%,烧结磁体的矫顽力增加至20.0 kOe。通过热激活研究认为,磁畴壁的形核是反磁化需要经过的过程。由于热力学的原因Tb元素更容易扩散进入Nd2Fe14B主相而不是富集在晶间富稀土相。Tb元素进入主相替代Nd可形成具有更高各向异性场的(Nd,Tb)-Fe-B表层,在反磁化过程中晶粒表层磁畴壁的形核场会增加,因此矫顽力增加程度显著。但是,TbHx混合量超过5 wt.%,矫顽力增加幅度降低。对于TbHx混合量7 wt.%的磁体,元素分布显示在主相晶粒内部贫Tb区域明显增少,证实在烧结过程中更多Tb原子从晶粒表层扩散入晶粒内部,这样晶粒表层反磁化形核场的提高程度会减弱,因而磁体矫顽力增加幅度降低。本研究说明要提高双合金Nd-Fe-B磁体磁性能需进一步控制元素扩散并优化磁体的元素分布。     

Gd99.75Fe0.25合金的大磁热效应及应用特性研究

采用X射线衍射、物理性能测试系统、显微硬度计及电化学工作站研究了经氩弧熔炼、1123 K均匀化热处理168 h的 Gd99.75Fe0.25合金的磁热效应及应用特性。结果表明：Gd99.75Fe0.25合金仍保持纯Gd的六方晶体结构;Gd99.75Fe0.25合金的居里温度为294 K,且在居里点附近发生铁磁到顺磁的二级相变,2和5 T外场下的最大磁熵变分别为4.99和9.37 J·kg-1·K-1,均大于纯Gd;Gd99.75Fe0.25合金的显微硬度（HV0.2）590 MPa,与纯Gd相当,但少量Fe的掺杂提高了Gd的耐蚀性。含少量Fe的Gd99.75Fe0.25合金具有大的磁热效应及良好的应用特性,是一种有很大应用潜力的室温磁致冷材料。     

Effect of Fe on Microstructure and Coercivity of SmCo-Based MagnetsEI北大核心CSCD

High-temperature permanent magnets have an important application in the aerospace and other high-tech fields, among which 2:17-type SmCo magnets have become the first choice for high-temperature permanent magnets due to the strong magnetic anisotropy and high Curie temperature. Although there are studies on the effect of Fe on the remanence and coercivity, the role that Fe plays on coercivity mechanism of SmCo magnets is still unclear. In this work, Sm(CobalFexCu0.08-0.10Zr0.03-0.033) z (x= 0.10-0.16, z=6.90 and 7.40) magnets are prepared and the magnetic properties under different temperatures are investigated. The magnets with an intrinsic coercivity of 603.99 kA/m and a maximum energy product of 87.30 kJ/m(3) at 500 degrees C. are obtained. It is revealed that at room temperature the coercivity of the magnets increases with increasing Fe content, however, at 500 degrees C. the coercivity shows an opposite dependency on Fe content. Moreover, the effect of Fe on coercivity is more obvious at low z value. The phase structure and composition analyses were characterized by XRD and TEM. The results show that with the increase of Fe content, the size of the 2: 17R cell phase increases, the volume ratio of cell boundary 1: 5H phase decreases, and furthermore, both Fe content in the 2: 17R phase and Cu content in the 1: 5H phase increase. The variations of Fe and Cu contents in both phases lead to the change of the domain wall energy difference. With the increase of Cu content of 1:5H phase, the domain wall energy of 1: 5H phase (gamma(1:6)) drops faster at room temperature, the coercivity is determined by gamma(2:17)-gamma(1:5), so the coercivity increases with increasing Fe content. While at 500 degrees C, due to gamma(1:6) at its Curie temperature, the coercivity is mainly determined by the domain wall energy of 2: 17R phase (gamma(1:17)), which decreases with increasing Fe content. The increase of Fe content at the low z value results in a smaller growth of cell size, which leads to a more significant change in coercivity.     

放电等离子烧结NdFeB磁体的富稀土相与矫顽力

利用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备新型烧结磁体SPS NdFeB。为了更好理解磁体的磁性能,尤其是矫顽力和微组织关系的机理,本研究以热处理前后的SPS NdFeB为研究对象,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线能谱仪,B-H回线仪分别对磁体的显微组织和高分辨透射电镜像组织和磁性能进行了系统研究。结果表明,经过热处理后,磁体矫顽力明显提高,富稀土相的铁原子与稀土原子比Fe/Re明显下降;富稀土相结构形态发生明显变化,由热处理前的非晶态变为热处理后的晶态。     

电场烧结法制备纳米复相Nd2Fe14B／α-Fe永磁块体材料

采用电场烧结法制备出纳米复相Nd10．5Dy0．5Fe76．9Nb1Co586．1永磁块体，研究了电场烧结温度对其磁性能和抗压强度的影响，采用XRD，SEM等方法分别对其相结构、显微组织进行了分析。结果表明：非晶合金压制成型后，经823K，300S电场烧结制得的纳米晶永磁块体具有最佳磁性能：Br=0．6498T，Hcj=714kA／m，（BH）max=63kJ／m^3。随着烧结温度的升高，块体的抗压强度增加。     

双合金工艺制备钕铁硼永磁体的性能和显微组织的研究

用双合金工艺在Nd13.05Dy0.23Fe80.12B6.5铸片主合金中添加质量分数为3%~20%的富稀土铸锭辅合金Nd38.2Gd11.8Fe44.88Al4.12B,研究稀土元素Gd部分取代Nd时对钕铁硼永磁体的磁性能和显微组织的变化规律。结果表明,Gd的加入不仅可改善钕铁硼磁体性能,也可节约Nd和Dy的用量。从显微结构可看出,组织中细小的颗粒状富稀土相增多,元素Gd主要富集于晶界处,形成了更多的对矫顽力有贡献的富稀土相。     

Fe83Ga17R0.6(R=Ce,Tb和Dy)合金的微结构与磁致伸缩性能

为改善多晶Fe-Ga合金的磁致伸缩性能,在Fe-Ga合金中掺杂稀土Ce、Tb和Dy元素。 研究了Fe83Ga17和Fe83Ga17R0.6 (R=Ce、Tb和Dy)合金的结构和磁致伸缩性能。结果表明,Fe83Ga17合金由单一bcc结构Fe(Ga)固溶体相组成,而掺杂稀土后的Fe83Ga17R0.6合金中除保持bcc结构的Fe(Ga)固溶体相外,还出现了R2Fe17第二相。掺杂稀土后的Fe83Ga17R0.6合金磁致伸缩系数明显大于Fe83Ga17合金。掺杂不同种类的稀土元素对Fe-Ga合金磁致伸缩性能改善的程度不同。在外磁场为557 kA/m时,Fe83Ga17Ce0.6合金的磁致伸缩系数(206×10-6)明显大于Fe83Ga17Tb0.6 (165×10-6)和Fe83Ga17Dy0.6 (161×10-6)合金的磁致伸缩系数。