镁合金AZ31盒形件拉深成形有限元模拟分析

摘 要:利用有限元数值模拟分析了各工艺参数(拉深温度、凸模圆角半径及凹模内圆角半径)对镁合金AZ31盒形件拉深成形性能的影响,并通过实验进行了验证.结果表明:采用最佳拉深温度和最佳的凸模圆角半径、凹模内圆角半径可以有效地改善厚度为0.5mm的镁合金AZ31板材的拉深成形性能.     

汽车6016-T4铝合金板材成形性能实验及数值模拟

利用实验与数值模拟结合的方法研究6016-T4铝合金板材室温下材料的成形性能。通过铝合金板材室温拉深实验,得到极限拉深比为1.913;针对铝合金板材成形实验过程,采用DYNAFORM有限元分析软件进行模拟分析,得到极限拉深比为1.925。实验结果与模拟结果表明,随着板料尺寸的增加,成形板料圆角区域的厚度逐渐减小,凸模行程曲线、拉深深度和板料厚度分布对比的结果显示,模拟结果与实验结果具有良好的一致性,进一步为汽车铝合金覆盖件成形工艺研究分析提供参考。     

基于正交试验和能量转换的精密级进模多步拉深成形研究

应用正交试验方法,采用Dynaform对精密级进模多步拉深成形进行有限元数值模拟。结合能量转换原理,研究各步拉深中凹、凸模圆角半径、拉深高度以及压边力等工艺参数对成形件厚度和回弹的影响,并找出各因素影响的主次顺序。以射频(RF)连接器的壳件为例,通过上述方法优化各步成形参数,用以指导模具设计。     

方形盒制件圆角处拉深破裂的数值模拟

金属薄板成形的数值模拟技术在冲压件生产和模具设计中起着重要的作用。文章借助Dynaform软件对某方形盒制件拉深破裂现象进行数值模拟,分析其产生原因和影响因素,并利用正交实验找出防止该制件圆角破裂的拉深条件组合。结果表明,在冲压速度、凸模圆角半径、摩擦系数和板料厚度4个因素中,凸模圆角半径对盒形件拉深破裂的影响最大。为降低因圆角处板料剧烈减薄而产生破裂的几率,盒形件拉深时应采用较大的凸模圆角半径。     

凸凹模圆角半径对拼焊板盒形件成形性能的影响研究

利用有限元软件Dynaform对钢-铝拼焊板盒形件的拉深过程进行了模拟。分析了不同的凸、凹模圆角半径对拼焊板成形深度及焊缝偏移量的影响规律。结果表明,改变凸、凹模圆角参数会导致板料流入凹模速度的改变,从而影响板料成形阻力。选用较大的凸、凹模圆角半径可以提高拉深极限,减少凸缘处焊缝偏移,但它会造成盒形件底部焊缝偏移量的增加。因此,选择适当的凸、凹模圆角半径可以有效地避免焊缝移动、拉裂等成形缺陷。     

汽车翼子板拉深成形模拟及工艺参数优化

以汽车翼子板为研究对象,采用有限元分析软件Dynaform对其拉深成形过程进行了模拟。针对拉深成形过程中出现的破裂和起皱等缺陷,选取压边力、冲压速度、板料厚度、摩擦系数4个重要成形工艺参数进行正交试验及参数优化,模拟结果表明,最优拉深成形工艺方案为:压边力1600kN、冲压速度3000mm·s-1、板料厚度1.0mm和摩擦系数0.10,得到零件的最大变薄率为27.7%,最大变厚率为8.5%。采用优化工艺方案进行汽车翼子板拉深试模,成形件质量较好,经检测零件最小壁厚0.728mm,最大壁厚1.08mm,试模结果与有限元模拟结果基本一致。     

基于Dynaform的高强钢U形件回弹影响因素研究

基于有限元理论与选定的回弹角度判定标准,采用Dynaform软件探究了汽车U形件在弯曲成形过程中压边力、摩擦系数、板料厚度和凸模圆角半径对回弹的影响。研究结果表明：回弹角度随板料厚度增厚而降低,随凸模圆角半径增加而增加,随压边力增大先增大后减小,随摩擦系数增加先增大后减小。不同因素对回弹影响程度并不相同,在选定参数范围内板料厚度因素影响最明显,压边力次之,摩擦系数略低于压边力,凸模圆角半径影响最小。     

船用薄板柔性渐进成形工艺数值模拟及实验研究

针对船体外板典型的双曲面板材成形提出了局部压载和渐进滚弯两种柔性渐进成形方式。通过有限元数值模拟技术在正交实验下分别探究局部压载成形过程中板料厚度、凸凹模间距、凸模压下量和凸模圆弧半径对板料成形回弹半径的影响,以及渐进滚弯成形过程中滚轮下压深度对板料弯曲半径的影响。以双曲面船板中帆形板为例,基于ABAQUS/ExplicitStandard求解平台及正交实验参数结果,利用局部压载成形和渐进滚弯成形对双曲面板材进行多道次有限元仿真模拟成形。最后通过双曲面板材多道次局部压载成形实验验证了船用钢板柔性渐进成形工艺的可行性及有限元分析结果的可靠性。     

有限元模拟用于优化镁合金板碟形拉深成形的模具参数

运用有限元的方法,对厚度1.2mm、直径52mm的AZ31B镁合金板常温冲压成直径为29mm的碟形件进行模拟,通过分析模具参数对最大主应力值及拉深性能的影响,优化出适合于该工艺的模具参数,并进行相应的试验。模拟结果表明,凹、凸模圆角半径、凹凸模间隙的优化,能降低最大主应力值并延缓裂缝的产生,从而提高镁合金塑性成形性能;模拟得到较优凹模圆角半径2.6mm、凸模圆角半径1.8mm,适宜的凹凸模单边间隙为1.3mm。试验结果表明,高径比随着模具参数的变化而增加,材料的成形性能大幅提高,验证了有限元模拟结论的可靠性。     

凸锥夹层板辊式成形工艺研究

基于MSC.Marc有限元软件对凸锥夹层板的辊式成形过程进行了数值模拟,以夹层凸锥辊式成形后壁厚最大减薄率为成形性评价指标,研究了各主要结构参数对成形的影响。结果表明:凸模圆角半径R1、凸模转角半径R2以及摩擦系数μ对凸锥夹层板的壁厚最大减薄率影响较大,并给出了其影响规律和成形目标零件的参数建议取值。基于分析结果,设计了用于辊式成形的试验机,并进行了凸锥夹层板辊式成形实验,验证结果表明针对凸锥形夹层板辊式成形工艺的可行性,但仍存在凸锥点阵间纵向过桥位置起皱、板料纵横向翘曲、板边不齐、凸锥曲面卸载畸变等成形质量问题。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.