原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者自身抗体谱检测分析

目的：对确诊PBC患者自身抗体AMA/AMA-M2、ANA进行分析,为临床诊断提供实验室参考.方法：间接免疫荧光法检测55例确诊PBC患者与71例AIH患者血清ANA、AMA/AMA-M2等抗体.结果：55例PBC患者中AMA检出率为80％（44/55）,AMA-M2检出率为58.1％（32/55）,37例ANA阳性,检出率67.3％,其中11例（20％）均质型,7例（12.7％）为着丝点型,6例（10.9％）核膜型,5例（9.1％）为颗粒型,3例（5.5％）为核点型,6例（10.9％）为混合型;而71例AIH患者中AMA检出率为14.1％ （10/71）,AMA-M2检出率为2.8％（2/71）,40例ANA阳性,检出率56.3％,其中4例（5.6％）均质型,3例（4.2％）为着丝点型,7例（9.9％）核膜型,9例（12.7％）为颗粒型,7例（9.9％）为核点型,10例（14.1％）为混合型.结论：PBC患者AMA的检出率明显高于其他自身抗体指标,且AMA-M2仅见于PBC患者与AIH＋ PBC重叠综合征的患者;ANA在PBC患者中的检出率仅次于AMA,但是不能单独用于PBC的诊断.     

间接免疫荧光法和酶联免疫吸附法检测抗线粒体抗体的分析与比较

目的:对临床上常用的2种抗线粒体抗体(AMA)的检测方法进行分析比较,探讨抗线粒体抗体M2亚型(AMA-M2)在原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)和其他结缔组织病(CTD)中的抗体滴度特点。方法 :回顾性分析2011年1月~2013年6月我科采用间接免疫荧光法(IIF)检测AMA和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测AMA-M2共726例患者的资料。结果 :ELISA检测抗线粒体抗体阳性率(13.1%)略高于IIF(6.5%)。IIF诊断PBC的敏感度和特异度为78.1%和97.4%,ELISA分别为100%和91.6%。55例AMA-M2阳性而AMA阴性的患者,8例诊断为PBC,35例诊断为其他CTD。PBC组AMA-M2抗体滴度(中位数为64.8RU/ml)略高于其他CTD组(中位数为54.9RU/ml)。结论 :将IIF和ELISA同时应用于抗线粒体抗体的检测,有助于PBC的临床诊断。     

新疆维吾尔族自身免疫性肝病患者自身抗体谱的研究分析

目的：分析新疆维吾尔族不同类型自身免疫性肝病患者的自身抗体阳性率及其诊断意义。方法选取2012年10月至2014年10月该院门诊和住院的维吾尔族自身免疫性肝病患者51例,其中自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）20例（AIH组）,原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）31例（PBC组）,采用间接免疫荧光法、免疫印迹法检测其血清生化指标和自身抗体,并进行比较分析。结果两组各项生化指标水平均明显增高,其中两组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、γ‐谷氨酰转肽酶（γ‐GT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）及免疫球蛋白M（IgM）水平比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。AIH组患者抗核抗体（ANA）、抗平滑肌抗体（SMA）、抗肝肾微粒体‐1（LKM‐1）抗体、抗肝细胞溶质抗原1型（LC‐1）抗体、抗可溶性肝抗原／肝胰抗原（SLA／LP）抗体及抗线粒体抗体（AMA）阳性率分别为65．0％、40．0％、10．0％、5．0％、10．0％、5．0％;PBC组患者ANA、AMA及其M2亚型（AMA‐M2）的阳性率分别为61．3％、100．0％和96．8％。结论新疆地区维吾尔族自身免疫性肝病患者的自身抗体谱具有一定的特征,自身抗体谱的检测对自身免疫性肝病诊断、分型及鉴别诊断具有重要的意义。     

抗线粒体抗体亚型在原发性胆汁性肝硬化中的诊断价值

目的研究抗线粒体抗体（AMA）及其分型对原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）的诊断价值。方法应用间接免疫荧光法测定血清中AMA抗体,用免疫印迹法检测AMA-M2、M4、M9亚型。78例PBC患者、35例其他肝病患者和20名健康体检者检测AMA及M2,其中30例PBC患者检测M4、M9型。结果78例PBC患者中74例（94.9%）AMA及M2均阳性。35例其他肝病患者M2均阴性。20名健康体检者AMA及M2均阴性。结论AMA及其分型,特别是M2抗体检测可作为临床诊断PBC的重要血清免疫学指标。     

714例疑似自身免疫性肝病患者相关自身抗体的检测

目的:观察在疑似自身免疫性肝病(AILD)患者相关自身抗体的阳性率及自身免疫性肝病检出率.方法:采用间接免疫荧光法检测714例疑似AILD患者血清标本中的抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗核抗体(ANA)及抗平滑肌抗体(SMA),免疫印迹法检测抗线粒体抗体亚型-丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物(AMA-M2)、抗肝肾微粒体抗体(LKM-1)、肝细胞溶质抗原Ⅰ型抗体(LC-1)、可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原抗体(SLA/LP),并查阅临床资料进行确诊.结果:ANA、AMA、SMA、AMA-M2、LC-1、SLA/LP、LKM-1阳性率分别为37.67％、11.34％、1.97％、16.94％、1.68％、1.40％、0.56％,确诊原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)68例(9.52％),自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)疑似患者4例(0.56％),未检出原发性胆管炎(PSC)患者.结论:AILD中,以PBC最常见,间接免疫荧光法和免疫印迹法联合应用检测自身抗体可减少AILD的漏诊.     

肝病相关抗体的检测及临床应用

[目的]探讨肝病相关抗体在肝脏疾病中的应用价值。[方法]选取乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染者（HBsAg、抗HBc阳性）53例;丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染者（抗HCV阳性）83例;不明原因肝功能异常者（各类肝炎病毒感染指标均阴性,但ALT或AST升高〉40IU／L）86例,同时选择健康体检者60例作为对照组。采用间接免疫荧光法（IIF）检测各组抗核抗体（ANA）、抗平滑肌抗体（SMA）、抗线粒体抗体（AMA）;采用免疫印迹法检测抗可溶性肝抗原／肝胰抗原（SLA／LP）抗体、抗肝肾微粒体抗体I型（LKM-1）、抗肝细胞浆抗体1型（LC-1）、抗线粒体抗体Ⅱ型（AMA-M2）,并分析各组阳性率。[结果]在间接免疫荧光法检测中,ANA、AMA、SMA的阳性率分别为正常对照组6．7％、0．0％、0．0％;乙型肝炎组39．6％、1．8％、3．8％;丙型肝炎组,53．0％、15．7％、20．5％;不明原因肝功异常组,53．5％、12．8％、17．4％。经x^2检验除乙型肝炎组的AMA和SMA外,其他各病例组3项抗体阳性率均与正常对照组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。在免疫印迹法检测中,抗可溶性肝抗原／肝胰抗原（SLA／LP）抗体阳性1例,抗肝肾微粒体抗体（LKM-1）3例,抗肝细胞浆抗体1型（LC-1）1例,抗线粒体抗体Ⅱ型（AMA-M2）5例。[结论]肝病相关抗体的检测在慢性肝病的诊断和鉴别诊断中有重要的临床意义。     

自身抗体分析在慢性胆汁淤积性肝病鉴别诊断中的价值

目的分析多种自身抗体在慢性胆汁淤积性肝病鉴别诊断中的价值。方法选取186例慢性胆汁淤积性肝病的患者,包括107例原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）、48例原发性硬化性胆管炎（PSC）、18例AMA阳性的自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）、13例其他肝内胆汁淤积患者,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测这些患者血清中传统的抗AMA-M2、抗AMA-M2-3E（BPO）IgG、抗AMA-M2-3E（BPO）IgA、抗gp210抗体、抗Sp100抗体、抗PML抗体、抗SLA/LP抗体、抗ACA抗体。结果 107例PBC患者抗M2-3E ELISA法AMA-M2 IgG的检出率为86.9%。在AMA-M2 IgG阳性病人中抗gp210和抗Sp100抗体明显高于抗PML抗体、抗SLA/LP抗体、抗ACA抗体差别具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。27例AMA-M2阴性的PBC患者中有11例患者AMA-M2 IgG阳性,16例患者存在AMA-M2-3E IgG、抗Sp100抗体、抗gp210抗体1种或几种的组合。抗Sp100抗体、抗gp210抗体只在PBC患者和AMA阳性的自免疫性肝炎患者中被检测到,且抗gp210抗体出现在愈后差的患者中。结论 AMA和抗核抗体（ANA）检测在慢性胆汁淤积性肝病鉴别诊断中具有重要作用。     

自身抗体和免疫球蛋白检测对鉴别诊断原发性胆汁性肝硬化的评价

目的:探讨自身抗体和免疫球蛋白检测在原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)诊断和鉴别诊断中价值和临床意义。方法:采用间接免疫荧光法和生化检测法分别对40例PBC患者、43例病毒性肝炎患者、14例干燥综合征患者以及30例同期健康体检者进行检测,对各组患者的自身免疫性肝病指标和血清免疫球蛋白指标进行比较。结果:PBC患者的抗核抗体(ANA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)以及抗线粒体抗体-M2亚型(AMA-M2)阳性率明显高于其余各组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);PBC患者的Ig G、Ig M水平明显高于其余各组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Ig A水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:ANA、AMA抗体检测、免疫球蛋白检测对于PBC具有较高的临床诊断价值,值得临床推广。     

自身抗体谱在原发性胆汁性肝硬化诊断中的作用

目的分析原发性胆汁化肝硬化（PBC）患者的自身抗体谱和免疫功能,探讨其对PBC的诊断价值。方法用免疫印迹法检测107例PBC、100例疾病对照组和30例健康体检者血清中的抗线粒体抗体（AMA）M2亚型、AMAM2—3E（BPO）、抗Spl00抗体、抗gp210抗体、抗肝肾微粒体1型（LKM一1）抗体、抗早幼粒细胞性白血病（PML）抗体、抗肝特异性胞质抗体-1（LC-1）、抗可溶性肝抗原,肝胰抗原抗体（SLA／LP）。结果1．AMA—M2、AMAM2—3E（BPO）、抗Spl00抗体、抗PML抗体、抗gp210抗体对PBC诊断的敏感性、特异性分别为74．7％、90．2％,86．9％、95．1％,32．7％、97．1％。27．1％、97．5％,39．3％,98．3％。未检测到抗LKM-1抗体、抗LC～1抗体、抗SLA几P抗体。2．在118例疾病对照组中AMA—M2、AMAM2—3E（BPO）、抗Sp100抗体、抗PML抗体、抗gp210抗体检出率分别为16％、11％、3％、1％、3％,未检测到抗LKM-1抗体、抗LC-1抗体、抗SLA／LP抗体。在正常对照组上述8种抗体的检出率均为0。3．AMA—M2呈阳性的患者（n=97）比呈阴性的患者（n=lO）有更加严重的疾病。这可通过更加严重的组织学变化和更高的IgG,IgM和ALP平均值看出;抗gp210抗体呈阳性的患者肝功能衰竭发生率明显高于呈阴性的患者（P〈0．05）。结论PBC患者血清中可检测到多种自身抗体,其中抗Spl00抗体、抗PML抗体、抗gp210抗体在PBC诊断中特异性高,可协助诊断PBC。     

慢性肝病自身抗体的检测及其与自身免疫性肝病的相关性

目的 研究慢性肝病患者中自身免疫性肝病存在状况、自身抗体检测的阳性率及其临床意义。方法 选择2001年1月至2005年5月同济医院慢性肝病住院患者共367例，包括慢性乙型肝炎124例、慢性丙型肝炎45例、自身免疫性肝病122例及其它76例，采用间接免疫荧光法、免疫条带法、ELISA法检测自身抗体和自身抗体亚型。结果367例慢性肝病患者自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）、原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）、原发性硬化性胆管炎（PSC）及AIH／PBC重叠综合征（overlap syndrome）所占比例分别为9．81％、10．90％、7．63％及4．90％。抗核抗体（ANA）、抗线粒体抗体（AMA）及AMA—M2、核周型抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体（pANCA）检出阳性率各病例组组间比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01或P〈O．05）。抗肝。肾微粒体抗体1型（antiLKMl）、抗可溶性肝抗原／肝胰抗原（anti—SLA／LP）抗体检出阳性率分别为5．73％、4．1％。未检出抗肝细胞溶质抗原1型抗体（anti—LC-1）。自身抗体总阳性率为20．41％。慢性病毒性肝炎患者ANA检测阳性组AST、TBil与ANA阴性组比较，差异有显著性意义（均P〈0．05）。结论 自身抗体与肝损伤程度有一定相关性。自身抗体及肝抗原自身抗体的检测是提高自身免疫性肝病检出率的有效途径。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.