Eu^3＋：LiNbO3Eu单晶的坩埚下降法生长及其光谱性质

选用合适的温度梯度(20～30℃／cm)与生长速度(1～3mm／h)，用坩埚下降法成功地生长出了掺杂Eu^3 的LiNbO3单晶。用X射线衍射及DTA分析表征了获得的晶体。生长的晶体无宏观缺陷，在He-Ne激光的照射下，无散射中心。测定了从生长初期下部到生长后期上部晶体的紫外一可见吸收光谱与荧光光谱。观测到分裂的光谱线。结果表明，沿着晶体生长方向，Eu抖浓度逐步减少。Eu抖离子在晶体中取代Li与Nb格位。     

掺Eu(3+)近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体的生长与光谱特性

以K2O为助熔剂,采用大的固液界面温度梯度(90～100℃),应用坩埚下降法成功地生长了含Eu(3+)离子(原料中初始Eu(3+)摩尔浓度0.95%)的近化学计量比铌酸锂单晶.测定了晶体中Eu(3+)离子的浓度以及晶体的室温吸收光谱、激发与发射光谱.根据晶体吸收边的位置,估算出晶体中Li2O的摩尔分数含量为约49.47...     

自变频激光晶体Nd3+:GdAl3(BO3)4的研究

采用熔盐法生长出尺寸为30mm的Nd3+:GdAl3(BO3)4优质晶体,进行了吸收光谱和荧光光谱的测定研究,计算得到晶体发射截面为σ1061.9e=2.9×10-19cm2和σ1338nme=5.5×10-20cm2.采用染料激光器作为泵浦源,对晶体进行了自变频激光实验研究,在紫外可调谐(378～382nm)、绿光531nm、蓝光(436～443nm)、红光(669nm)和红外可调谐(1305～1365nm)波段实现了激光输出,输出的最大功率分别为:105μJ/脉冲、119.5μJ/脉冲、445μJ/脉冲、19μJ/脉冲和31μJ/脉冲.     

高质量自调Q激光晶体Cr4+,Nd3+:Gd3Ga5O12的生长

用固相合成、共沉淀等方法合成了Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体的单相多晶材料.讨论了共沉淀法和固相合成法合成GGG单相的技术参数.用合成的单相多晶原料生长了高质量的Cr4+,Nd3+GGG单晶.通过测晶体的光谱性质发现Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体在400nm和520nm附近存在Cr3+离子的强的吸收峰.在808nm附近存在Nd3+离子宽的吸收带,能与InGa二极管激光有效的耦合;在1100附近有Cr4+的较强的吸收带,可实现对Nd3+的自调Q输出.Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体的荧光光谱与NdGGG晶体的一样,发光中心也位于1062nm,但其强度约为NdGGG的1/5～1/6.Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体是一种非常有潜力的自调Q激光晶体,可以实现大功率激光器的小型化和全固化.     

花球状YBO3:Eu3+的水热合成与表征

采用水热法制备了均匀分散、具有花球形貌的YBO3:Eu3+. 利用X射线衍射仪、X射线能量仪、高分辨透射电镜、扫描电镜等手段对其结构、形貌进行了研究,发现其为六方球霰石晶相,仅含有Y、O、B、Eu元素,微球直径约1～2μm,组装成花球的薄片厚度约100nm. 提出了其形成机理:在水热过程中生成的YBO3晶核在六亚甲基四胺(HMT)的调节下各向异性生长为二维薄片,并最终组装成为花球状结构. 研究发现得到的YBO3:Eu3+在612nm表现出显著的红光发射,并且由于Eu3+附近晶体场对称性降低,样品表现出较高的红光/橙光(R/O)比率.     

CeO2∶Eu3+纳米晶的发光特性与Gd3+离子掺杂影响研究

以尿素为燃烧剂,采用低温燃烧法制备了Eu3+单掺杂和Eu3+、Gd3+共掺杂CeO2纳米晶粉末,用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)对样品进行了结构分析和形貌表征.对掺杂Gd3+离子的CeO2∶1％ Eu3+纳米晶的光谱研究发现,随着Gd3+离子掺杂浓度的增加,5D0→7F2跃迁与5D0→7F1跃迁的强度比随之增加,这表明Eu3++离子的格位对称性有所下降,且有利于提高红橙光的比例.鉴于CeO2基质在300～390nm有强吸收,Eu3+掺杂CeQ2纳米晶在近紫外激发LED荧光粉方面有潜在应用前景.     

白光LED用新型红色荧光粉Sr5(B03)3Cl:Eu3+的制备与发光特性EI北大核心CSCD

采用高温固相法合成了Sr5 (BO3)3Cl:Eu3+新型红色发光材料,并对其结构和发光特性进行了研究.X射线衍射测试表明合成材料为纯相Sr5 (BO3)3Cl晶体.材料的主发射峰位于587,596,613nm和626nm,对应Eu3+的5 D0 →7F1,7F2辐射跃迁.监测626nm发射峰,激发光谱主峰位于392nm,可被InGaN管芯有效激发.通过时间分辨光谱测得Eu3+离子5 D0能级的荧光寿命约为2.28ms.研究了Eu3+离子掺杂浓度对Sr5(BO3)3Cl:Eu3+发光性能的影响,结果随着Eu3+离子浓度的增大,样品的发光强度先增大后减小,最佳掺杂浓度为16％(摩尔分数).计算了Eu3+离子浓度猝灭的临界距离为1.46nm.测量了不同Eu3+浓度样品的色坐标,均位于色品图红光区,符合NTSC标准.     

Zn_4B_6O_(13)∶Eu~(3+)的合成与光致发光

用高温固相扩散方法首次合成了由Eu3 + 离子激活的Zn4B6O13 红色光致发光材料。用XRD分析了样品结构 ,结果表明 :Zn3 .94B6O13 ∶Eu3 + 为立方晶系 ,晶胞参数a =0 .7471nm ,V =0 .4170nm3 。研究了Eu3 + 在Zn4B6O13 中的强激发带位于 3 94nm ,主要发射峰位于610nm归属Eu3 + 离子的5D0 →7F2 电偶极跃迁发射 ,根据发射光谱计算色坐标为x =0 .2 81,y =0 .619。SEM摄取了样品的清晰晶体外貌 ,平均颗粒度为 15 μm左右。加入一定量助熔剂使发射光谱的相对发射强度增加了 2 .3 2～ 3 .86倍。     

Eu3＋离子掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及发光性能的研究

采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了TiO2和Eu3 离子掺杂的TiO2纳米材料,通过X射线衍射和荧光光谱分析对样品进行了表征.X射线衍射结果表明,少量稀土Eu3 离子的掺杂能有效抑制TiO2纳米颗粒的增长,进而提高晶体相变温度;荧光光谱研究表明TiO2:Eu3 体系中均能得到Eu3 离子特征发射光谱.随着Eu3 离子含量的增加,Eu3 离子的发光性能增强;并且Eu3 离子以Eu2(樟脑酸)3(1,10-菲咯啉)2有机配合物为前驱体掺杂到TiO2:Eu3 纳米晶体的发光性能优于以Eu(NO3)3·6H2O为前驱体制备的TiO2:EU3 纳米晶体.     

掺Yb3+闪烁晶体的研究进展

掺Yb³⁺闪烁晶体是新近发展起来的一类闪烁体,有可能用于探测太阳中微子.本文简要介绍了掺Yb³⁺闪烁晶体的电荷迁移发光的机理以及基质晶体对温度猝灭与浓度猝灭的影响.综述了具有石榴石结构和钙钛矿结构的两类掺Yb³⁺闪烁晶体的研究进展,特别是Yb:YAG和Yb:YAP晶体的生长、闪烁性能以及应用前景.最后,对掺Yb³⁺闪烁晶体的未来研究方向做了展望.     

Photostriction of CH3NH3PbBr3 Perovskite Crystals

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite materials exhibit a variety of physical properties. Pronounced coupling between phonon, organic cations, and the inorganic framework suggest that these materials exhibit strong light–matter interactions. The photoinduced strain of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ is investigated using high‐resolution and contactless in situ Raman spectroscopy. Under illumination, the material exhibits large blue shifts in its Raman spectra that indicate significant structural deformations (i.e., photostriction). From these shifts, the photostrictive coefficient of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ is calculated as 2.08 × 10^?8 m² W^?1 at room temperature under visible light illumination. The significant photostriction of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ is attributed to a combination of the photovoltaic effect and translational symmetry loss of the molecular configuration via strong translation–rotation coupling. Unlike CH₃NH₃PbI₃, it is noted that the photostriction of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ is extremely stable, demonstrating no signs of optical decay for at least 30 d. These results suggest the potential of CH₃NH₃PbBr₃ for applications in next‐generation optical micro‐electromechanical devices.     

(La2/3Ca1/3)(Mn(3-x)/3)Fex/3)O3体系磁电阻行为的研究

通过系统地测量（La_2/3Ca_1/3）（Mn_{（3-x）／3}Fe_x／3）O₃（x＝0、0.1、0．2、0．3的体系样品的电阻率-温度关系以及一定温度下磁电阻率与磁场的关系,发现随x的变化其磁电阻率峰和电阻率峰均发生位移,磁电阻率峰值增大,并伴生磁电阻率峰展宽效应．作者认为由于Fe的替代,引起体系中Mn³⁺／Mn⁴⁺比率及磁矩的变化,加之外场对磁有序结构的调制作用,从而影响了Mn³⁺－O^－Mn⁴⁺的双交换作用,最终导致磁电阻行为发生变化．     

Constitution of the Ni3Cr-Ni3Al-Ni3W system

Isothermal sections of the Ni-Cr-Al-W system have been investigated at 75 at % Ni and temperatures of 1523 and 1273 K, by means of phase compositional analysis, X-ray diffraction and microscopical examination. The alloys studied lay in the range 2.5 to 10 at % Cr, 12.5 to 20 at% Al, 2.5 to 6.25 at % W, The phases formed were, and the bcc solid solution based on tungsten (designated ₂). The maximum extent of the region was found to be 3 at % each of chromium and tungsten. Preferential partitioning of tungsten to occurred. Study of an Ni-10Cr-12.5Al-2.5W alloy aged at 1273 and 1073 K, after quenching from 1573 K, showed that changes in and compositions and lattice parameters occur as a function of ageing time.     

PbZrO3-CdTiO3 solid solutions

The structural, nonlinear optical, and dielectric properties of (1-x)PbZrO₃ ·xtCdTiO₃ solid solutions were studied. The phase relations in the composition rangesx = 0–0.3 and 0.85-1.0 were established. The results suggest that the ferrielectric ordering in CdTiO₃ persists up to 730 K.     

Phase equilibria in the system LaMnO3 + δ-SrMnO3-LaFeO3-SrFeO3 − d

We have revealed the formation of a continuous series of orthorhombic LaMn_{1 ? y} Fe_yO₃ solid solutions (0<y<1); La_{1 ? x} Sr_xFeO₃ solid solutions in the composition range 0 < x ≤ 0.8, with an orthorhombic structure at 0 < x ≤ 0.6 and a cubic structure at 0.6 < x ≤ 0.8; and a tetragonal SrMn_{1 ? y} Fe_yO₃ phase in the range 0.6 ≤ y ≤ 1. The composition stability limits of the perovskite phase La_{1 ? x} Sr_xMn_{1 ? y} Fe_yO₃ have been determined, and the 1100°C isotherm of the La₂O₃-SrO-Mn₃O₄-Fe₂O₃ system in air has been constructed.     

Multicolor up-conversion emissions of Tm3+/Er3+/Yb3+ tri-doped YF3 phosphors

Tm3+/Er3+/Yb3+ tri-doped yttrium fluoride (YF3) phosphors were prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. X-ray topographic analysis found that the phosphors were crystallized products. Their sizes and morphologies were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-4800), which indicated that most of the YF3 phosphors were hundreds of nanometers in size. Up-conversion (UC) spectra were recorded under 980-nm diode laser excitation at room temperature with a fluorescence spectrometer (Hitachi F-4500). Plenty of UC emissions of Tm3+ and Er3+ were observed from ultraviolet to red. For Tm3+ ions, a five-photon process (approximately 291 nm and approximately 347 nm), a four-photon process (approximately 362 nm and approximately 452 nm), and a three-photon process (approximately 475 nm) were identified in the UC spectra. The UC emissions from the Er3+ were: approximately 380 nm, approximately 408 nm, approximately 521 nm, approximately 537 nm, and approximately 652 nm. Therefore, cyan-white light can be observed by the naked eye at 980-nm excitation, even under low excitation power density. By comparing the UC spectra of the phosphors annealed at different temperatures, we found that the intensity of the UC luminescence increased as annealing temperature increased. Furthermore, the spectral dependencies on Tm3+ doped concentrations were studied. The energy transfer processes and fluorescence dynamics in the tri-doped system are currently being investigated.     

3 Cr3 Mo3 VNb 在热冲孔中的应用研究

高合金钢热冲孔冲头寿命关系到模具与产品成本、生产效率、自动化设备的使用,因此,应注重冲头的选材、材料制备与冲头制造工艺。 用 3 Cr3Mo3 VNb 作为高合金钢热冲孔冲头,为提高模具寿命,在材料制备上,优化了成分,采用电渣重熔冶炼,减少杂质,毛坯锻造两次,用大锻造比锻造,冲头热处理用真空炉,三次回火,热处理硬度取 HRC42 ~ 46 ,冲头表面处理采用镀铬工艺,开展了热冲孔工艺试验。 结果表明,用3 Cr3Mo3 VNb 可使冲孔冲头寿命平均达到 800 件以上。     

Processing and properties of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbZrO3-PbTiO3 ceramic relaxors

The shrinkage phenomenon during the reaction-sintering of PMN-PZT from low-temperature pre-reacted 3PbO + MgNb₂O₆ + PZT powder mixtures has been studied. It was assumed that the pre-reaction treatment leads to the formation of a pyrochlore phase containing very active MgO small particles, and that the strong shrinkage occurring up to 800 °C took place by the diffusion of Mg²⁺ cations into the pyrochlore phase particles, thus controlling the reaction-sintering shrinkage phenomenon. Above that temperature the densification was enhanced by a liquid-phase sintering process. The ceramics sintered at 1050 °C for 2 h showed 96% of the theoretical density, and the dielectric constant of such a sintered ceramic showed a maximum value of 17 000 at 1 kHz. It was also found that the dielectric constant decreased with increasing grain size. Although the role of PZT in enhancing the dielectric constant of otherwise low-purity PMN ceramics is not clear, the increase in K is assumed to be a solid-solution effect. The presence of impurities and the PbO stoichiometry could be influencing the not too high dielectric constant value of PMN-PZT ceramics.