对传统页面置换算法的分析与研究

随着虚拟存储技术在操作系统中的应用,大大提高了操作系统的性能,其中页面置换算法是虚拟存储管理的重要组成部分,页面置换算法的优劣将直接影响系统的整体性能。随着大量有着不同读写速度的外存设备共存于系统中,单一置换算法同样影响着系统的整体性能。     

对页面访问序列影响LRU页面置换算法的研究

页面置换算法是操作系统中虚拟存储管理的一个重要部分。改进页面置换算法,可以降低页面失败率,从而有效地提高系统性能。现有的应用于虚拟存储管理的页面置换算法主要是Least Reference Used(LRU)页面置换算法。文中利用页面访问间隔数,分析不同的页面访问序列对LRU算法的影响,把页面访问序列分为LRU-友好页面访问序列、LRU-不友好页面访问序列、不友好页面访问序列三类,为改进LRU页面置换算法提供了依据。     

对页面访问序列影响LRU页面置换算法的研究

页面置换算法是操作系统中虚拟存储管理的一个重要部分。改进页面置换算法，可以降低页面失败率，从而有效地提高系统性能。现有的应用于虚拟存储管理的页面置换算法主要是Least Reference Used（LRU）页面换算法。文中利用页面访问间隔数，分析不同的页面访问序列对LRU算法的影响，把页面访问序列分为LRU-友好页面访问序列、LRU-不友好页面访问序列、不友好页面访问序列三类，为改进LRU页面置换算法提供了依据。     

基于探测的自适应页面置换算法研究

页面置换算法是虚拟存储管理的重要组成部分,页面置换算法的优劣将直接影响系统的整体性能。本文在分析传统页面置换算法存在不足的基础上,介绍一种能够弥补传统页面置换算法存在不足的基于探测的自适应页面置换算法,同时分忻了该算法的性能,并且指出了进一步的研究方向。     

使用矩阵实现LRU的页面置换算法

操作系统的内存管理一直是计算机领域研究的一个重要方向。文中分析了几种常用内存管理中的页面置换算法及其存在的问题,提出了LUR页面置换算法的操作系统内存管理中比较接近理想算法的一种页面置换算法,并阐述了使用矩阵方法实现该页面置换算法的原理。     

页置换技术在搜索引擎采集器中的应用

分析了现有搜索引擎采集器过滤互联网上重复URL的技术,指出了它们在速度和效率方面存在的不足,借鉴了操作系统请求页式存储管理中的页面置换算法,提出了页置换技术在搜索引擎采集器中高数量级过滤重复地址的应用.使用了虚拟存储技术,使得容量不大的内存可以为众多的进程提供资源,该技术较好地解决了在有限系统资源下进行亿量级URL过滤的速度和效率问题.     

虚拟存储管理中缺页中断次数的计算方法

在对内存进行虚拟管理时,页面置换算法的好坏直接影响着系统的性能,而反映置换算法性能的一个重要参数是缺页中断率。该文从虚拟存储管理技术出发,分析了中断次数计算结果的问题,讨论了几种不同的计算缺页中断次数的方法,并对其性能进行分析,结果表明用系统性能模型来计算中断次数方法简单、易于掌握且不易出错。     

一种对LRFU置换策略的自适应改进

数据库缓冲区页面置换算法对磁盘数据库的性能有着重要的影响,页面置换算法主要有基于访问时间的置换策略、基于访问次数的置换策略、两者结合的置换策略等。LRFU算法是一系列结合LRU和LFU置换策略的置换算法,很好地实现了两种置换策略的结合,但却没有给出一种在不同的应用场景中进行动态调整的机制。提出了一种对LRFU算法进行动态调整的方法,模拟测试发现改进的LRFU算法都不同程度地提高了缓冲区命中率。     

基于内存池的应用程序级页面置换算法

计算机处理海量数据时,内外存数据的交换是影响系统效率的关键因素之一。本文在分析系统级页面置换算法不足的基础上,提出应用程序级页面置换的概念,同时详细介绍其在Windows操作系统下的实现,并在人脸识别系统中对算法进行验证,结果表明本算法执行效率优于原始算法。     

一种改进的自适应页面置换算法

研究缓冲区页面置换策略和算法(特别是自适应页面置换策略和算法),提出一种基于双管理链的自适应页面置换算法HA。HA算法是对DMC(2c)算法的改进,它引入动态置换点,同时,根据缺页失败数确定算法的工作链,并根据页面访问序列的局部特征选择效率较高的页面置换策略。实验结果表明,HA算法能有效地减少缺页失败数,降低缺页率,特别是在处理第三种模式的页面访问序列时,该算法的缺页率较改进前的算法可降低近30%。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.