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生物医用纳米羟基磷灰石的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
纳米羟基磷灰石既具有纳米材料的特性,又具有羟基磷灰石本身的特性,在生物医学领域具有非常广阔的应用前景.本文详细介绍了纳米羟基磷灰石的历史发展、制备方法、表面改性及其在生物医用材料领域的应用. 相似文献
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纳米材料是纳米技术的重要组成部分,是新世纪里国际前沿的重大研究课题。近年来,我国对纳米金刚石的爆轰合成技术及其物性研究,形成机制和应用展开了实验研究,并取得了初步成果。本文对纳米材料的通性,以及纳米金刚石的结构,性质与应用进行阐述。通过测试与应用研究,揭示了纳米金刚石具有金刚石和纳米材料的双重优异特性的因由和它在高效磨合,复合镀层,橡胶增强,生物抗体,研磨,抛光等应用时所显现出的优越性,提出在取得上述研究成果的基础上, 应加快其产业化的进程。 相似文献
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《纤维素科学与技术》2016,(1):66-74
纳米晶纤维素(CNC)是一种具有优异性能的纳米粒子,对CNC的改性和其功能性材料的应用一直是研究的热点。本文综述了CNC改性的方法,包括小分子改性、偶联剂改性,自由基开环接枝和ATRP接枝、RAFT接枝改性,吸附改性和一些特殊的化学改性,并分析了CNC功能性纳米材料在生物药物、聚合物电解质、生物激发力学适应性纳米材料方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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纳米科技在新世纪具有重要的战略地位,纳米科技的研发引起了世界各国的高度重视,新的纳米科技研究成果不断涌现。本文在简述纳米科技的战略地位和基本性能的基础上,重点阐述了纳米材料的电刷镀,热喷涂等表面工作中的应用以及取得的一些研究成果,同时提出了纳米材料在表面工程领域的应用将成为表面工程新的重要发展方向。 相似文献
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纳米技术与“纳米涂料”之我见 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
概述了纳米技术、纳米材料、“纳米涂料”的现状 ,重点讨论了纳米技术在涂料中应用遇到的问题和建议措施 ,对纳米技术的科研方向及其在涂料中应用的发展提出了看法。 相似文献
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[目的]发展一种环境友好和具有缓释性能的印楝素水分散制剂。[方法]以天然高分子壳聚糖(CS)和羧甲基壳聚糖(CMC)为载体,通过正负电荷的相互作用,制备了负载印楝素纳米粒子水分散液。表征了载药纳米粒子的性能如粒径、多分散指数(PDI)、Zeta电位值、负载率和形态结构,考察了几种影响性能的因素。[结果]负载印楝素的纳米粒子为球形,尺寸为200~350 nm,PDI约为0.500,药物负载率最高可达55%。[结论]CMC和CS合适的溶液质量浓度和用量是形成纳米子的基本条件。当其固定时,随印楝素质量浓度增加,载药粒子的粒径增大,PDI变宽,负载率降低。 相似文献
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In this article, polymer microspheres and silica nanoparticles have been discussed as important filler in polymer composites. Their synthesis methods, properties, and application were particularly stressed. Silica is usually used as nucleating agent, surface enhancement mediator, and as templates and cores. Among polymer/silica composites, various categories including polyaniline, polypyrrole, polystyrene, epoxy, rubber, and acrylate polymer were discussed in detail. It was observed that silica nanoparticles enhanced mechanical strength and overall performance of composites. Furthermore, composites having carbon nanotube along with silica particles possess high electrical and mechanical performance. These composites are important in nanoelectronic devices, nanomedicines, and defense-related applications. 相似文献
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为了改进钢材表面性能,采用复合化学镀技术制备( Ni-P) -Al2O3纳米微粒复合镀层,由于纳米微粒独特的物理化学特性致使使得到的复合镀层具有多种优良性能.通过Ni-P合金镀层、(Ni-P) -Al2O3纳米微粒复合镀层和热处理后的(Ni-P) -Al2O3纳米微粒复合镀层硬度和耐磨性能测试,得出(Ni-P)-Al2... 相似文献
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纳米磁流体及其在癌症治疗中的应用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对纳米磁流体的组成、制备、应用进行了详细的综述。对纳米磁流体的制备方进行了评价,着重介绍了国内外纳米磁流体在癌症治疗中的应用研究进展。 相似文献
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通过考察酮康唑固体脂质纳米粒体外透皮情况,由结果预测固体脂质纳米粒的发展前景.方法制备酮康唑固体脂质纳米粒,并测定2h、4h、6h、8h、12h、24 h时间点的药物累积透过皮肤与潴留于皮肤的量,通过数据分析评价药物在固体脂质纳米粒里的体外释放及透皮情况.结果药物在固体脂质纳米粒里的皮肤累积透过量低于含药1%的乳膏,但固体脂质纳米粒的皮肤潴留量明显高于含药1%的乳膏.结论固体脂质纳米粒可增加药物在皮肤的局部浓度从而增强药效,同时可减少药物透过真皮进入体循环从而减少副作用,具有良好的发展前景. 相似文献
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Jia Ying Brenda Tan Bo Kyeong Yoon Nam-Joon Cho Jasmina Lovri Mario Jug Joshua A. Jackman 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(18)
There is enormous interest in utilizing biologically active fatty acids and monoglycerides to treat phospholipid membrane-related medical diseases, especially with the global health importance of membrane-enveloped viruses and bacteria. However, it is difficult to practically deliver lipophilic fatty acids and monoglycerides for therapeutic applications, which has led to the emergence of lipid nanoparticle platforms that support molecular encapsulation and functional presentation. Herein, we introduce various classes of lipid nanoparticle technology and critically examine the latest progress in utilizing lipid nanoparticles to deliver fatty acids and monoglycerides in order to treat medical diseases related to infectious pathogens, cancer, and inflammation. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding how nanoparticle structure is related to biological function in terms of mechanism, potency, selectivity, and targeting. We also discuss translational opportunities and regulatory needs for utilizing lipid nanoparticles to deliver fatty acids and monoglycerides, including unmet clinical opportunities. 相似文献
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首先用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂(APTES)在一定条件下接枝于纳米二氧化硅表面,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FI-IR)进行测试表征,建立了一种用荧光胺定量检测功能化纳米SiO2表面氨基的方法,并通过优化实验建立该检测方法的测试标准.最佳检测条件为:室温下,激发波长380 nm、发射波长480 nm,荧光胺的丙酮溶液与磷酸盐缓冲液体积比1:5,磷酸盐缓冲液pH值为10.0,反应时间为10 min等条件下,荧光信号最稳定.采用该最佳条件下制定的标准曲线对功能化纳米SiO2微球进行检测,结果符合预期,该方法检测灵敏度高、操作简单. 相似文献
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Gu Zhiguo Yang Shuping Li Zaijun Sun Xiulan Wang Guangli Fang Yinjun Liu Junkang 《Electrochimica acta》2011,(25):9162
The paper reported an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for glucose which was based on CdTe-CdS core–shell quantum dot as ultrafast electron transfer relay between graphene-gold nanocomposite and gold nanoparticle. Since efficient electron transfer between glucose oxidase and the electrode was achieved, the biosensor showed high sensitivity (5762.8 nA nM−1 cm−2), low detection limit (S/N = 3) (3 × 10−12 M), fast response time (0.045 s), wide calibration range (from 1 × 10−11 M to 1 × 10−8 M) and good long-term stability (26 weeks). The apparent Michaelis–Menten constant of the glucose oxidase on the medium, 5.24 × 10−6 mM, indicates excellent bioelectrocatalytic activity of the immobilized enzyme towards glucose oxidation. Moreover, the effects of omitting graphene-gold nanocomposite, CdTe-CdS core–shell quantum dot and gold nanoparticle were also investigated. The result showed sensitivity of the biosensor is 7.67-fold better if graphene-gold nanocomposite, CdTe-CdS core–shell quantum dot and gold nanoparticle are used. This could be ascribed to improvement of the conductivity between graphene nanosheets due to introduction of gold nanoparticles, ultrafast charge transfer from CdTe-CdS core–shell quantum dot to graphene nanosheets and gold nanoparticle due to unique electrochemical properties of the CdTe-CdS core–shell quantum dot and good biocompatibility of gold nanoparticle for glucose oxidase. The biosensor is of best sensitivity in all glucose biosensors based on graphene nanomaterials up to now and has been satisfactorily applied to determination of the glucose in human saliva samples. 相似文献