Pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality patterns in China, 2011

Objective

The National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) collected population-based cancer registration data in 2011 from all cancer registries in China. The incidence and mortality rates for pancreatic cancer were compiled and pancreatic cancer incident new cases and deaths were estimated.

Methods

A total of 234 cancer registries submitted cancer data to NCCR. Data from 177 cancer registries were qualified and compiled for cancer statistics in 2011. Pancreatic cancer cases were extracted and analyzed from the national database. The pooled data were stratified by area (urban/rural), gender and age group (0, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14…85+). Pancreatic cancer incident cases and deaths were estimated using age-specific rates and national population in 2010. The national census in 2000 and Segi’s population were used for age-standardized rates.

Results

All 177 cancer registries (77 in urban and 100 in rural areas) covered 175,310,169 populations (98,341,507 in urban and 76,968,662 in rural areas). The morphology verified pancreatic cancer cases (MV%) accounting for 40.52% and 4.33% of pancreatic cancer incident cases were identified through death certifications only (DCO%) with mortality to incidence ratio (M/I) of 0.91. The estimated number of newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer cases and deaths were 80,344 and 72,723 in 2011, respectively. The crude incidence rate was 5.96/100,000 (males 6.57/100,000, females 5.32/100,000). The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 4.27/100,000 and 4.23/100,000 respectively, ranking 10^th among all cancers. Pancreatic cancer incidence rate and ASIRC were 7.03/100,000 and 4.94/100,000 in urban areas whereas they were 4.84/100,000 and 3.56/100,000 in rural areas. The incidence rate of pancreatic cancer of 33 cancer registries increased from 3.24/100,000 in 2003 to 3.59/100,000 in 2011 with an annual percentage change (APC) of 1.44. The pancreatic cancer mortality rate was 5.40/100,000 (males 5.88/100,000, females 4.89/100,000), ranking 6^th among all cancers. The age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by world standard population (ASMRW) were 3.81/100 000 and 3.79/100 000. The pancreatic cancer mortality and ASMRC were 6.47/100,000 and 4.48/100,000 in urban areas, and 4.27/100,000 and 3.08/100,000 in rural areas, respectively. The mortality rates of pancreatic cancer showed an approximately 1.14-fold increase, from 2.85/100,000 in 2003 to 3.26/100,000 in 2011, with an APC of 1.68.

Conclusions

The burden of pancreatic cancer is increasing in China. Identification of high-risk population and adequate treatment and prevention are important.     

Annual report on status of cancer in China,2010简

Objective：Population-based cancer registration data in 2010 were collected,evaluated and analyzed by the National Central Cancer Registry （NCCR） of China.Cancer incident new cases and cancer deaths were estimated.Methods：There wvere 219 cancer registries submitted cancer incidence and death data in 2010.All data were checked and evaluated on basis of the criteria of data quality from NCCR.Total 145 registries＇ data were qualified and accepted for cancer statistics in 2010.Pooled data were stratified by urban/rural,area,sex,age group and cancer site.Cancer incident cases and deaths were estimated using age-specific rates and national population.The top ten common cancers in different groups,proportion and cumulative rate were also calculated.Chinese census in 2000 and Segi＇s population were used for age-standardized incidence/ mortality rates.Results：All 145 cancer registries （63 in urban and 82 in rural） covered a total of 158,403,248 population （92,433,739 in urban and 65,969,509 in rural areas）.The estimates of new cancer incident cases and cancer deaths were 3,093,039 and 1,956,622 in 2010,respectively.The morphology verified cases （MV％） accounted for 67.11％ and 2.99％ of incident cases were identified through death certifications only （DCO％） with mortality to incidence ratio （M/I） of 0.61.The crude incidence rate was 235.23/100,000 （268.65/100,000 in males,200.21/100,000 in females）,age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population （ASIRC,2000） and by world standard population （ASIRW） were 184.58/100,000 and 181.49/100,000 with the cumulative incidence rate （0-74 years old） of 21.l 1％.The cancer incidence and ASIRC were 256.41/100,000 and 187.53/100,000 in urban areas whereas in rural areas,they were 213.71/100,000 and 181.10/100,000,respectively.The crude cancer mortality in China was 148.81/100,000 （186.37/100,000 in males and 109.42/100,000 in females）,age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population （ASMRC,2000） and by world standard population （ASMRW） were 113.92/100,000 and 112.86/100,000,and the cumulative incidence rate （0-74 years old） was 12.78％.The cancer mortality and ASMRC were 156.14/100,000 and 109.21/100,000 in urban areas,whereas in rural areas,they were 141.35/100,000 and 119.00/100,000 respectively.Lung cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,pancreas cancer,encephaloma,lymphoma,female breast cancer and cervical cancer,were the most common cancers,accounting for 75％ of all cancer cases in urban and rural areas.Lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal cancer,pancreatic cancer,breast cancer,encephaloma,leukemia and lymphoma accounted for 80％ of all cancer deaths.Conclusions：The coverage of cancer registration population had a rapid increase and could reflect cancer burden in each area and population.As the basis of cancer control program,cancer registry plays an irreplaceable role in cancer epidemic surveillance,evaluation of cancer control programs and making anticancer strategy.China is facing serious cancer burden and prevention and control should be enhanced.     

Incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in China, 2011

Objective

Laryngeal cancer is the common cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. We aimed to use the national cancer registration data in 2011 to estimate the incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer within China.

Methods

Comparable, high-quality data from 177 population-based cancer registries were qualified for analysis. The pooled data were stratified by area, sex and age group. National new cases and deaths of laryngeal cancer were estimated using age-specific rates and national population in 2010. All incidence and death rates were age-standardized to the 2000 Chinese standard population and Segi’s population, which were expressed per 100,000 populations.

Results

All 177 cancer registries covered a total of 175,310,169 population (98,341,507 in urban and 76,968,662 in rural areas), accounting for 13.01% of the national population. The data quality indicators of proportion of morphological verification (MV%), percentage of cancer cases identified with death certification only (DCO%) and mortality to incidence ratio (M/I) were 77.98%, 2.62% and 0.55, respectively. Estimated 20,875 new cases of laryngeal cancer were diagnosed and 11,488 deaths from laryngeal cancer occurred in China in 2011. The crude incidence rate of laryngeal cancer was 1.55/100,000 (2.69/100,000 in males and 0.35/100,000 in females). Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 1.13/100,000 and 1.14/100,000, respectively. Laryngeal cancer is much rarer in females than in males. The incidence rate was higher in urban areas than that in rural areas. The crude mortality rate of laryngeal cancer was 0.85/100,000 (1.42/100,000 in males and 0.25/100,000 in females). Age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by world standard population (ASMRW) were both 0.61/100,000. The mortality rate in males was much higher than that in females. There was no definite difference in mortality rates of laryngeal cancer between urban and rural areas.

Conclusions

Larynx is a specialized area and cancer of larynx significantly affects the quality of life for the patients. Comprehensive measures should be carried out to prevent the ascent of laryngeal cancer.     

National cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2012

Background

Population-based cancer registration data in 2012 from all available cancer registries were collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). NCCR estimated the numbers of new cancer cases and cancer deaths in China with compiled cancer incidence and mortality rates.

Methods

In 2015, there were 261 cancer registries submitted cancer incidence and deaths occurred in 2012. All the data were checked and evaluated based on the NCCR criteria of data quality. Qualified data from 193 registries were used for cancer statistics analysis as national estimation. The pooled data were stratified by area (urban/rural), gender, age group [0, 1–4, 5–9, 10–14, …, 85+] and cancer type. New cancer cases and deaths were estimated using age-specific rates and corresponding national population in 2012. The Chinese census data in 2000 and Segi’s population were applied for age-standardized rates. All the rates were expressed per 100,000 person-year.

Results

Qualified 193 cancer registries (74 urban and 119 rural registries) covered 198,060,406 populations (100,450,109 in urban and 97,610,297 in rural areas). The percentage of cases morphologically verified (MV%) and death certificate-only cases (DCO%) were 69.13% and 2.38%, respectively, and the mortality to incidence rate ratio (M/I) was 0.62. A total of 3,586,200 new cancer cases and 2,186,600 cancer deaths were estimated in China in 2012. The incidence rate was 264.85/100,000 (289.30/100,000 in males, 239.15/100,000 in females), the age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 191.89/100,000 and 187.83/100,000 with the cumulative incidence rate (0–74 age years old) of 21.82%. The cancer incidence, ASIRC and ASIRW in urban areas were 277.17/100,000, 195.56/100,000 and 190.88/100,000 compared to 251.20/100,000, 187.10/100,000 and 183.91/100,000 in rural areas, respectively. The cancer mortality was 161.49/100,000 (198.99/100,000 in males, 122.06/100,000 in females), the age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by world standard population (ASMRW) were 112.34/100,000 and 111.25/100,000, and the cumulative mortality rate (0–74 years old) was 12.61%. The cancer mortality, ASMRC and ASMRW were 159.00/100,000, 107.231/100,000 and 106.13/100,000 in urban areas, 164.24/100,000, 118.22/100,000 and 117.06/100,000 in rural areas, respectively. Cancers of lung, stomach, liver, colorectum, esophagus, female breast, thyroid cervix, brain tumor and pancreas were the most common cancers, accounting for about 77.4% of all cancer new cases. Lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, female breast cancer, brain tumor, leukemia and lymphoma were the leading causes of cancer death, accounting for about 84.5% of all cancer deaths. The cancer spectrum showed difference between urban and rural, males and females both in incidence and mortality rates.

Conclusions

Cancer surveillance information in China is making great progress with the increasing number of cancer registries, population coverage and the improving data quality. Cancer registration plays a fundamental role in cancer control by providing basic information on population-based cancer incidence, mortality, survival and time trend. The disease burden of cancer is serious in China, so that, cancer prevention and control, including health education, health promotion, cancer screening and cancer care services in China, should be enhanced.     

Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China, 2011

Objective: Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. This article provides the most up-to-date overview of colorectal cancer burden in China.Methods: Totally 234 cancer registries submitted data of 2011 to the National Central Cancer Registry(NCCR). Qualified data from 177 registries was pooled and analyzed. The crude incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer were calculated by age, gender and geographic area. The numbers of new cases and deaths were estimated using the 5-year age-specific cancer incidence/mortality rates and the corresponding populations. China census in 2000 and Segi’s world population were applied for age standardized rates.Results: The estimate of new cases diagnosed with colorectal cancer of China in 2011 was 310,244(178,404 for males and 131,840 for females, 195,117 in urban areas and 115,128 in rural areas), accounting for 9.20% of overall new cancer cases. The crude incidence of colorectal cancer ranked fourth in all cancer sites with rate of 23.03/100,000(25.83/100,000 for males and 20.08/100,000 for female, 28.25/100,000 in urban areas and 17.54/100,000 in rural areas). The age-standardized rates by China population and by World population were 16.79/100,000 and 16.52/100,000, respectively. The estimated number of colorectal cancer deaths of China in 2011 was 149,722(86,427 for males and 63,295 for females, 91,682 in urban areas and 58,040 in rural areas), accounting for 7.09% of overall cancer deaths. The crude mortality rate for colorectal cancer ranked fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in all cancer sites with rate of 11.11/100,000(12.51/100,000 for males and 9.64/100,000 for female, 13.27/100,000 in urban areas and 8.84/100,000 in rural areas). The age-standardized rates by China population and by World population for mortality were 7.77/100,000 and 7.66/100,000, respectively. For both of incidence and mortality, the rates of colorectal cancer were much higher in males than in females, and in rural areas than in urban areas. The rate of colorectal cancer increased greatly with age, especially after 40 or 45 years old.Conclusions: Colorectal cancer is a relative common cancer in China, especially for males in urban areas. Targeted prevention and early detection programs should be carried out.     

Ovary cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2011

Objective

To evaluate and analyze ovary cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2011 using ovary cancer data from population-based cancer registration in China, and to provide scientific information for its control and prevention.

Methods

Invasive cases of ovary cancer were extracted and analyzed from the overall Chinese cancer database in 2011, which were based on data from 177 population-based cancer registries distributing in 28 provinces. The crude, standardized, and truncated incidences and mortalities et al. were calculated and new and deaths cases from ovary cancer throughout China and in different regions in 2011 were estimated using Chinese practical population.

Results

The estimates of new ovary cancer cases and deaths were 45,223 and 18,430, respectively, in China in 2011. The crude incidence rate, age-standardized rate by Chinese standard population (ASR-C) and age-standardized rate by world standard population (ASR-W) incidence were 6.89/100,000, 5.35/100,000 and 5.08/100,000, respectively; the crude, ASR-C and ASR-W mortalities were 2.81/100,000, 2.01/100,000 and 1.99/100,000, respectively. The incidence and mortality in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas. The age-specific incidence and mortality increased rapidly from age 35-39 and peaked at age 60-64 or 75-79 years. After age 45 or 55, the age-specific incidence and death rates in urban were much higher than those in rural areas.

Conclusions

Compared with GLOBOCAN 2012 data, the ovary cancer incidence in China in 2011 was at middle level, but its mortality was at low level worldwide.     

2012年内蒙古肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

[目的]评估内蒙古肿瘤登记地区2012年恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡情况.[方法]按照国家癌症中心制定的审核方法和评价标准对2012年5个登记处提交的数据进行整理,通过审核和评估,全部符合入选标准.按照地区(城乡)、性别以及年龄别、肿瘤别发病率和死亡率分层,估计恶性肿瘤合计和主要肿瘤的发病、死亡情况.将2000年全国普查人口和Segi's标准人口结构作为标准计算标化率.[结果] 2012年内蒙古5个肿瘤登记地区覆盖人口3 041 227人(其中城市地区为1 750 312人,农村地区为1 290 915人).报告新发恶性肿瘤病例6683例,恶性肿瘤死亡病例4259例.病理学诊断比例为67.79％,只有死亡证明书比例为8.43％,死亡发病比为0.64.恶性肿瘤发病率219.75/10万(男性252.08/10万,女性186.04/10万),中标率173.69/10万,世标率170.84/10万,累积率(0～74岁)20.34％.城市地区发病率209.28/10万,中标率174.76/10万.农村地区发病率233.94/10万,中标率173.02/10万.恶性肿瘤死亡率140.04/10万(男性176.64/10万,女性101.89/10万),中标率111.73/10万,世标率110.56/10万,累积率(0～74岁)13.04％.城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率131.06/10万,中标率111.02/10万.农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率152.22/10万,中标率112.97/10万.2012年内蒙古自治区肿瘤登记地区前5位恶性肿瘤发病为肺癌、肝癌、女性乳腺癌、胃癌和结直肠癌.前10位恶性肿瘤占全部恶性肿瘤的80.13％.肺癌位列该地区恶性肿瘤死亡第1位,其次为肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌,前10位恶性肿瘤死亡占全部恶性肿瘤死亡病例的87.05％.[结论]肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、女性乳腺癌应作为内蒙古肿瘤登记地区癌症防治工作的重点.     

Report of incidence and mortality in China Cancer Registries, 2008

Objective: Annual cancer incidence and mortality in 2008 were provided by National Central Cancer Registry in China, which data were collected from population‐based cancer registries in 2011. Methods: There were 56 registries submitted their data in 2008. After checking and evaluating the data quality, total 41 registries’ data were accepted and pooled for analysis. Incidence and mortality rates by area (urban or rural areas) were assessed, as well as the age‐ and sex‐specific rates, age‐standardized rates, proportions and cumulative rate. Results: The coverage population of the 41 registries was 66,138,784 with 52,158,495 in urban areas and 13,980,289 in rural areas. There were 197,833 new cancer cases and 122,136 deaths in cancer with mortality to incidence ratio of 0.62. The morphological verified rate was 69.33%, and 2.23% of cases were identified by death certificate only. The crude cancer incidence rate in all areas was 299.12/100,000 (330.16/100,000 in male and 267.56/100,000 in female) and the age‐standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and world standard population (ASIRW) were 148.75/100,000 and 194.99/100,000, respectively. The cumulative incidence rate (0-74 years old) was of 22.27%. The crude incidence rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. However, after adjusted by age, the incidence rate in urban was lower than that in rural. The crude cancer mortality was 184.67/100,000 (228.14/100,000 in male and 140.48/100,000 in female), and the age‐standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by world population were 84.36/100,000 and 114.32/100,000, respectively. The cumulative mortality rate (0-74 years old) was of 12.89%. Age‐adjusted mortality rates in urban areas were lower than that in rural areas. The most common cancer sites were lung, stomach, colon‐rectum, liver, esophagus, pancreas, brain, lymphoma, breast and cervix which accounted for 75% of all cancer incidence. Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer death, followed by gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer and pancreas cancer, which accounted for 80% of all cancer deaths. The cancer spectrum varied by areas and sex in rural areas, cancers from digestive system were more common, such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer, while incidence rates of lung cancer and colorectal cancer were much higher in urban areas. In addition, breast cancer was the most common cancer in urban women followed by liver cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and female breast cancer contributed to the increased incidence of cancer, which should be paid more attention to in further national cancer prevention and control program. Different cancer control strategies should be carried out due to the varied cancer spectrum in different groups.     

内蒙古2016年食管癌发病和死亡现状及2012—2016年趋势分析

目的 分析内蒙古肿瘤登记地区2016年食管癌发病和死亡现状及2012—2016年流行趋势。方法 收集2012—2016年内蒙古肿瘤登记地区食管癌数据,按照城乡、性别及年龄别分层,计算食管癌的发病(死亡)粗率、标化率、累积率、年龄别率、年度变化百分比(Annual percentage change,APC)。结果 2016年内蒙古肿瘤登记地区共报告食管癌新发病例1 311例,死亡病例791例。食管癌发病率19.06/10万,中标率13.32/10万,世标率13.66/10万,累积率(0~74岁)1.65%。食管癌死亡率13.71/10万,中标率9.33/10万,世标率9.55/10万,累积率(0~74岁)1.14%。从时间趋势上看,食管癌的发病率与死亡率变化平稳,略呈下降趋势,APC分别为-0.42%和-0.46%,变化趋势无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 内蒙古肿瘤登记地区食管癌的发病率和死亡率均高于全国平均水平,应进一步加强对人群的健康教育及早期筛查等防控措施。     

2018年甘肃省白银市恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析

目的 分析2018年甘肃省白银市恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况。方法 根据2018年甘肃省白银市恶性肿瘤发病和死亡资料,分析其发病率、死亡率、发病死亡顺位和构成比等指标,中标率和世标率分别采用2000年全国普查标准人口年龄构成和Segi′s世界标准人口年龄构成计算。结果 2018年白银市恶性肿瘤发病率为272.67/10万,中标率178.33/10万,世标率为172.91/10万,0~74岁累积发病率为18.93%;恶性肿瘤发病率最高的是胃癌,其次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌,前10位占新发恶性肿瘤的74.73%。恶性肿瘤死亡率为146.55/10万,中标率86.39/10万,世标率为84.57/10万,0~74岁累积死亡率为9.29%;恶性肿瘤死亡率最高的是胃癌,其次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和胰腺癌,前10位占全部死亡恶性肿瘤的84.34%。中标发病率和中标死亡率均为男性高于女性,农村地区高于城市地区;发病率和死亡率均在80~84岁年龄组达到高峰。白银市各区县发病率中标和死亡率中标最高的分别为平川区和景泰县,最低的为白银区。结论 胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌和胰腺癌等的发病率和死亡率较高,是需要重点防控的恶性肿瘤;女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌排在女性发病率、死亡率的前五位,应作为女性重点防控的恶性肿瘤。     

2016年云南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡分析

目的 分析2016年云南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况。方法 收集云南省24个肿瘤登记处上报的2016年恶性肿瘤发病、死亡及人口资料,对数据进行审核和汇总。计算恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的粗率、标化率、累积率(0~74岁)和前10位恶性肿瘤构成,并按地区(城市/农村)、性别和年龄进行分层分析。结果 2016年云南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病粗率为212.97/10万,中标率为153.45/10万,世标率为149.38/10万,累积率(0~74岁)为16.97%。男性发病率(227.23/10万)高于女性(198.27/10万),城市发病率(224.56/10万)高于农村(202.01/10万)。发病前5位的恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌和宫颈癌。恶性肿瘤死亡粗率为127.26/10万,中标率为86.67/10万,世标率为85.64/10万,累积率(0~74岁)为9.85%。男性死亡率(157.09/10万)高于女性(96.41/10万),农村标化死亡率(中标率86.01/10万,世标率84.94/10万)与城市差别不大(中标率87.55/10万,世标率86.63/10万)。死亡前5位的恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和乳腺癌。结论 云南省恶性肿瘤发病和死亡处于较低水平,全面推进和进一步规范全省肿瘤随访登记工作,扩大重点癌症的早期筛查和早期治疗将是云南省癌症防控重点。     

2014年福建省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况分析

  目的  分析2014年福建省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡状况,为肿瘤防治提供科学依据。  方法  根据全国肿瘤登记中心制定的数据审核和评价方法,对福建省12个肿瘤登记处上报的2014年数据进行评价,将符合要求的9个登记处数据合并分析。计算发病和死亡粗率、标化率、累积率（0~74岁）,分析主要恶性肿瘤发病与死亡顺位。中国人口标化率（中标率）根据2000年中国标准人口构成计算,世界人口标化率（世标率）依照Segi's标准人口构成计算。  结果  2014年9个肿瘤登记处（城市4个,农村5个）覆盖人口5 192 590人（城市2 673 166人,农村2 519 424人）。组织学诊断比例（MV%）为73.32%,死亡/发病比（M/I）为0.69,仅有死亡医学证明书病例比例（DCO%）为0.25%。福建省恶性肿瘤发病率为254.13/10万（其中男性306.37/10万,女性200.62/10万）,中标率为196.12/10万,世标率为191.96/10万,累积率（0~74岁）为22.83%。其中城市地区发病率为277.46/10万,中标率为215.86/10万;农村地区发病率为229.38/10万,中标率为175.89/10万。福建省恶性肿瘤死亡率为175.71/10万（其中男性235.47/10万,女性114.50/10万）,中标率为130.13/10万,世标率为128.61/10万,累积率（0~74岁）为15.04%。其中城市地区死亡率为185.62/10万,中标率为137.88/10万;农村地区死亡率为165.20/10万,中标率为122.82/10万。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌居恶性肿瘤发病前5位,肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌和结直肠癌居恶性肿瘤死亡前5位。  结论  消化系统肿瘤、肺癌、乳腺癌是福建省最主要的恶性肿瘤,应作为肿瘤防治的重点,积极推广筛查工作,降低居民的肿瘤疾病负担。      

2015年四川省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况分析

目的 分析2015年四川省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况,为癌症防控提供参考依据。方法 分析2018年收集到质量合格的24个肿瘤登记处的2015年肿瘤登记数据,分别计算不同性别、年龄段、城乡的发病/死亡率,中国人口标准化率(中标率)、世界人口标准化率(世标率)、累积率(0~74岁)和前10位恶性肿瘤发病/死亡顺位等指标。结果 2015年四川省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为256.11/10万(男性303.60/10万,女性207.19/10万;城市地区267.34/10万,农村地区250.44/10万),中标率为169.39/10万,世标率为167.96/10万,累积率(0~74岁)为19.51%;发病前5位依次为肺癌、肝癌、食管癌、胃癌和结直肠癌。恶性肿瘤死亡率为175.59/10万(男性231.50/10万,女性117.98/10万;城市地区177.88/10万,农村地区174.43/10万),中标率为112.14/10万,世标率为111.73/10万,累积率(0~74岁)为12.62%;死亡前5位依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌和结直肠癌。结论 四川省恶性肿瘤发病率处于西部平均水平,低于全国;肺癌、肝癌、食管癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和女性乳腺癌是全省的重点癌种,50岁以上人群是恶性肿瘤高发人群,应针对重点癌种和人群开展综合防治工作。     

2015年江苏省肝癌流行现状及2006—2015年变化趋势分析

[目的]分析江苏省2015年肝癌发病与死亡现状及2006—2015年变化趋势。[方法]收集整理江苏省经质量控制合格的的35个肿瘤登记处的2015年肿瘤登记资料,按性别、城乡和年龄组分层计算肝癌发病率和死亡率,并结合2015年江苏省相应分组的户籍人口资料,推算全省2015年肝癌的发病(死亡)数,以及全省肝癌的发病(死亡)率、年龄别发病(死亡)率、中国人口标化率(中标率)、世界人口标化率(世标率)、0~74岁累积发病(死亡)率及其在全部恶性肿瘤发病(死亡)中的构成和顺位等。汇总和整理全省各登记处2006—2015年肿瘤登记资料,应用Joinpoint软件,计算肝癌10年间的发病(死亡)中标率的平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)。中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国人口普查标准人口构成和Segi’s世界标准人口年龄构成进行标化。[结果]江苏省2015年估计新发肝癌病例21 851例,约占全部恶性肿瘤发病构成的9.38%,位居恶性肿瘤发病顺位第4位。2015年江苏省肝癌发病率为28.68/10万,发病中标率为17.09/10万,发病世标率为16.78/10万,0~74岁累积发病率为1.94%。2015年江苏省估计肝癌死亡病例20 128例,约占全部恶性肿瘤死亡构成的12.95%,位居恶性肿瘤死亡顺位第4位。肝癌死亡率为26.42/10万,死亡中标率为15.52/10万,死亡世标率为15.24/10万,0~74岁累积死亡率为1.75%。2006—2015年江苏省肝癌发病中标率和死亡中标率均呈明显下降趋势,其AAPC分别为-5.30%(95%CI:-6.34%~-4.25%)和-5.72%(95%CI:-6.85%~-4.58%)。分城乡统计,无论男、女性,10年间城市地区的肝癌发病中标率和死亡中标率均无明显下降趋势;而农村地区呈显著下降趋势。[结论]江苏省肝癌的整体发病、死亡水平呈下降趋势,但仍是江苏居民中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,相关防控工作仍需进一步加强。     

2010-2018年重庆市恶性肿瘤发病死亡趋势分析

目的:分析重庆市2010-2018年恶性肿瘤发病死亡变化趋势。方法:收集整理2010-2018年重庆市肿瘤登记点恶性肿瘤发病死亡资料，采用SPSS 25.0分析恶性肿瘤发病率、中国人口标化发病率、世界人口标化发病率、年龄别发病率、死亡率、中国人口标化死亡率、世界人口标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率等。男性与女性、城市与农村发病率、死亡率的比较采用χ2检验,趋势变化采用年度变化百分比（APC），对APC的检验采用t检验。结果:重庆市恶性肿瘤发病率、中标率与世标率分别由2010年的200.08/10万、147.03/10万、162.53/10万上升至2018年的289.63/10万、195.85/10万、209.74/10万，APC分别为5.02%(4.39%～5.65%)、4.29%(3.77%～4.81%)、3.87%(3.36%～4.39%)，变化趋势均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。恶性肿瘤发病率历年均是男性高于女性（P＜0.05）。2011年与2015年城市与农村地区恶性肿瘤发病率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），其它年份恶性肿瘤发病率均是城市高于农村，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。男性与女性、城市与农村恶性肿瘤发病率均明显上升（P＜0.05）。2010年重庆市恶性肿瘤死亡率、中标死亡率与世标死亡率分别为152.10/10万、103.49/10万、117.91/10万,2018年死亡率、中标死亡率与世标死亡率分别为184.77/10万、110.87/10万、125.53/10万，死亡率以年均3.15%(2.33%～3.98%)上升（t=4.03,P=0.005）。恶性肿瘤死亡率历年均是男性高于女性。2010-2018年男性与女性恶性肿瘤死亡率分别以3.46%(2.63%~4.29%)与2.63%(1.92%～3.36%)上升（t=4.36,P=0.003;t=3.43,P=0.011）。2010-2018年城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率变化趋势差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。2010-2018年农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率以年均3.05%(2.33%～3.77%)上升（t=4.03,P=0.005）。结论:重庆市恶性肿瘤发病率与死亡率呈快速上升的趋势，应针对危险因素进行干预和普及早诊早治，降低恶性肿瘤的发病率与死亡率。     

中国肿瘤登记地区2008年恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析

[目的]利用全国肿瘤登记中心2011年收集的各登记处肿瘤登记资料,分析2008年全国肿瘤登记覆盖地区癌症的发病与死亡水平。[方法]通过对全国56个登记处上报的2008年肿瘤登记数据进行全面审核与评价,选取其中41个登记处的数据进行合并,按地级以上城市和县(县级市)划分城市和农村,分别计算发病(死亡)率、年龄别发病(死亡)率、标化发病(死亡)率、构成比、累积发病(死亡)率。[结果]2008年中国肿瘤登记地区的41个登记处合计覆盖登记人口66 138 784人(城市52 158 495人,农村13 980 289人),共报告新发病例197 833例,死亡病例122 136例,病理诊断比例为69.33%,只有死亡证明书比例为2.23%,死亡/发病比为0.62。中国肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为299.12/10万(男性330.16/10万,女性267.56/10万),中标发病率148.75/10万,世标发病率194.99/10万,累积发病率(0~74岁)为22.27%。城市地区发病率为307.04/10万,中标发病率148.64/10万,农村地区发病率为269.57/10万,中标发病率151.02/10万。恶性肿瘤死亡率为184.67/10万(男性228.14/10万,女性140.48/10万),中标死亡率84.36/10万,世标死亡率114.32/10万,累积死亡率(0~74岁)为12.89%。城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为181.54/10万,中标死亡率79.21/10万。农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为196.34/10万,中标死亡率106.05/10万。中国肿瘤登记地区无论城市还是农村,恶性肿瘤发病占前几位的主要是肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、脑瘤、淋巴瘤、女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌等,占全部恶性肿瘤发病的75%左右。恶性肿瘤死亡前几位的主要是肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、脑瘤、白血病和淋巴瘤,约占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的80%左右。农村地区发病、死亡是以食管癌、胃癌为主的消化系统恶性肿瘤较高,其次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌,而城市地区发病、死亡以肺癌位居第一位,女性以乳腺癌位居女性发病第一位,其次是肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌较高。[结论]肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、女性乳腺癌为威胁我国居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤,为我国今后恶性肿瘤的防控重点,同时,肿瘤的防控工作还应考虑癌谱在地区和性别上的差异。     

2016年重庆市肺癌发病率、死亡率与生存率分析

目的:分析2016年重庆市肺癌发病率、死亡率与随访五年的生存率,为开展肺癌防治提供依据。方法:对2016年新报告的肺癌患者进行主动和被动随访,随访信息网络直报到重庆市肿瘤随访登记信息系统,采用SPSS 25.0统计分析发病率、标化发病率、死亡率、标化死亡率、生存率等指标。标化发病率与死亡率采用2000年第五次人口普查标准人口构成进行标化。不同性别与地区率的比较采用χ2检验。采用生存分析寿命表法计算观察生存率,采用乘积极限法(Kaplan-Meier)计算平均生存时间,生存率的比较采用Log Rank of Mantel-Cox进行统计检验。结果:2016年重庆市肺癌发病率与标化发病率分别为79.13/10万与44.82/10万,男性发病率（110.33/10万）高于女性（46.77/10万）（χ2=63.018,P<0.001）,城市（87.65/10万）高于农村（75.86/10万）（χ2=10.47,P=0.001）。肺癌死亡率与标化死亡率分别为65.96/10万与33.77/10万,男性死亡率（95.40/10万）高于女性（35.95/10万）（χ2=64.43,P<0.001）,城市（73.30/10万）高于农村（60.83/10万）（χ2=12.28,P<0.001）。对18 842例肺癌患者进行五年的随访,随访五年平均生存时间为2.11（2.07,2.14）年。1年、2年、3年、4年、5年生存率分别为41.84%、33.41%、29.97%、28.04%、26.54%,女性肺癌生存率均高于男性,差异有统计学意义（χ2=80.05,P<0.001）。城市肺癌生存率均高于农村,差异有统计学意义（χ2=271.78,P<0.001）。 结论:重庆市肺癌发病率和死亡率高,生存率较低,重点应针对男性和农村地区开展肺癌的预防、早期筛查和规范的诊断治疗。     

Population-based cancer incidence analysis in Beijing, 2008-2012

Objective: To analyze the incidence of cancer during 2008-2012 in Beijing, China, and compare the cancer spectrum with that during 1998-1999.Methods: Data from the Beijing Cancer Registry(BCR), which covered 12 million residents and 16 administrative regions in Beijing, were checked and evaluated on basis of the criteria of data quality from the National Central Cancer Registry(NCCR) of China. Incidences were calculated stratified by cancer type, sex, areas(urban/rural), and age. The Chinese census population in 1982 and the world Segi’s population were used for calculating the age-standardized incidences.Results: A total of 177,101 new cancer cases were diagnosed in Beijing between 2008 and 2012. The crude incidence rate(CR) of all cancers was 282.64/100,000(290.71/100,000 in males and 274.45/100,000 in females). The age-standardized rates by Chinese standard population(ASR-China) and by world standard population(ASR-world) were 124.46/100,000 and 161.18/100,000, respectively. Female breast cancer was the most common cancer, followed by lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer, with the CR of 59.87/100,000, 59.21/100,000, 32.49/100,000, 19.81/100,000 and 17.96/100,000, respectively. In urban areas, female breast cancer(68.50/100,000) was still the most common cancer, followed by lung cancer(61.23/100,000), colorectal cancer(37.23/100,000), prostate cancer(20.49/100,000) and stomach cancer(20.07/100,000). In rural areas, lung cancer(55.94/100,000) was the most common cancer, followed by female breast cancer(45.87/100,000), colorectal cancer(24.77/100,000), liver cancer(20.68/100,000) and stomach cancer(14.52/100,000). Great changes of the cancer spectrum were found from the period of 1998-1999 to the period of 2011-2012 in Beijing.Conclusions: The cancer burden in Beijing was heavier than the national average level. Cancer prevention and control strategies, especially for lung, colorectal, prostate and female thyroid cancers, should be enhanced.     

Incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer has decreased during past 40 years in Hebei Province,China

Background

Hebei province is located in North of China with of approximately 6% of whole national population. It is known as a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China and worldwide. The aim of our study was to estimate the esophageal cancer burden and trend in Hebei Province.

Methods

Eight cancer registries in Hebei Province submitted cancer registry data to the Hebei Provincial Cancer Registry Center. All data were qualified and compiled for cancer statistics in 2011. The pooled data were stratified by gender and age group (0, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14…80+). Incidence and mortality rates were age-standardized to World Segi’s population standard and expressed per 100,000 persons. In addition, proportions and cumulative incidence/mortality rates for esophageal cancer were calculated. Esophageal cancer mortality data during the periods 1973-1975, 1990-1992, and 2004-2005 were extracted from the national death surveys. Mortality and incidence rate data from Cixian and Shexian were obtained from population-based cancer registries in each county.

Results

The estimated number of newly diagnosed esophageal cancer cases and deaths in 2011 in Hebei Province was 24,318 and 18,226, respectively. The crude incidence rate of esophageal cancer was 33.37/100,000 (males, 42.18/100,000 and females, 24.31/100,000). The age-standardized rate by world standard population (ASRW) was 28.09/100,000, ranking third among all cancers. The esophageal cancer mortality rate was 25.01/100,000 (males, 31.40/100,000 and females, 18.45/100,000), ranking third in deaths among all cancers. The mortality rates of esophageal cancer displayed a significant decreasing trend in Hebei Province from 1973-1975 (ASRW =48.69/100,000) to 2004-2005 (ASRW =28.02/100,000), with a decreased rate of 42.45%. In Cixian, the incidence of esophageal cancer decreased from 250.76/100,000 to 106.74/100,000 in males and from 153.86/100,000 to 75.41/100,000 in females, with annual percentage changes (APC) of 2.13 and 2.16, while the mortality rates declined with an APC of 2.46 for males and 3.10 for females from 1988 to 2011. In Shexian, the incidence rate decreased from 116.90/100,000 to 74.12/100,000 in males and from 46.98/100,000 to 40.64/100,000 in females, while the mortality rates declined, with an APC of 4.89 in males from 2003 to 2011.

Conclusions

Although the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer remain high, an obvious decreasing trend has been observed in Hebei Province, as well as in high-risk regions, such as Cixian and Shexian, over the past 40 years.