PD模型中GDNF与星形胶质细胞对黑质DA能神经元的影响

目的探讨星形胶质细胞和胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)在帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)中对多巴胺(dopamine neurons,DA)能神经元损伤的影响。方法成年大鼠右侧前脑侧束注射6羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)制备PD模型。PD模型右侧黑质内注射GDNF,于注射后第6周采用免疫组织化学方法观察星形胶质细胞神经纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP)以及多巴胺能神经元酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylasa,TH)的变化。结果模型组、PBS和GDNF组注射侧与非注射侧星形胶质细胞相比,均发现GFAP阳性细胞明显增多,DA能神经元数量明显减少(P<0.05)。GDNF组与模型组相比,发现GFAP阳性细胞明显增多,同时残存的DA能神经元数量有所增加(P<0.05)。结论黑质内注射GDNF可能通过激活的星形胶质细胞保护PD大鼠模型黑质DA能神经元。     

葡萄糖浓度对原代培养神经干细胞增殖、分化的影响

目的探讨不同浓度葡萄糖对神经干细胞增殖、分化的影响。方法胚胎小鼠脑细胞原代培养并鉴定。生理浓度和高浓度葡萄糖培养及诱导分化后．四唑盐比色（MTT）法及免疫荧光法观察两组不同葡萄糖浓度对神经干细胞增殖、分化的影响。结果原代培养的神经球表达巢蛋白（hestin），神经球分化的细胞表达神经丝200（NF200）和胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）。与生理浓度葡萄糖相比，高浓度葡萄糖降低了神经干细胞的增殖活力：分化3d后，高糖组的NF200阳性细胞和GFAP阳性细胞比例高于生理浓度组（P〈0．01），而nestin阳性细胞比例则反之（P〈0．01）；分化10d后，神经干细胞完全分化，免疫荧光检测发现生理浓度葡萄糖提高了NF200阳性细胞比例。结论高糖损害了神经干细胞的增殖活性。加速了神经干细胞的早期分化．降低了神经元的分化率。     

胚胎干细胞来源的神经前体细胞移植β-淀粉样蛋白损伤大鼠海马后的靶向迁移与分化(英文)

目的观察小鼠胚胎干细胞来源的神经前体细胞移植β-淀粉样蛋白(amyloidβpeptide,Aβ)损伤大鼠海马后的靶向迁移及在体分化。方法采用无血清培养法将表达绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP)的小鼠胚胎干细胞定向诱导为神经前体细胞,移植至Aβ_(1-40)、单侧损伤的大鼠海马;免疫荧光观察移植细胞的迁移距离、迁移方向与分化情况:对移植细胞的平均迁移距离与平均分化率作相关性分析。结果胚胎干细胞经改良的无血.清培养法生长可分化为nestin阳性神经前体细胞。移植后第16周,神经前体细胞平均迁移距离比第4周增长了约5倍。移植细胞中,胶质纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP)阳性细胞的平均分化率从(30.41±1.45)%增长到(49.25±1_23)%;神经丝蛋白200(neurofilament 200,NF200)细胞的平均分化率从(16.68±0.95)%增长到(27.94±1.21)%;靶向迁移至Aβ斑块同侧的GFAP阳性细胞的比例从60.2%增长到81.3%,靶向迁移至Aβ斑块的NF200阳性细胞的比例从61.3%增至84.1%。相关性分析结果显示平均迁移距离与神经元分化率之间存在显著线性相关(r=0.991),与胶质细胞分化率之间也存在显著线性相关(r=0.953)。结论胚胎干细胞来源的神经前体细胞移植Aβ损伤模型大鼠海马后能够靶向迁移至Aβ损伤区并分化为胶质细胞和神经元。     

HIF-1α基因修饰神经干细胞移植对大鼠损伤脊髓NF200和GFAP表达的影响

【摘要】目的研究低氧诱导因子-1α（HI-1α）基因修饰的神经干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后神经丝蛋白200（NF200）和胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）表达的影响及意义。方法采用电控脊髓损伤打击装置制作大鼠脊髓损伤模型。按随机数字表将120只SD大鼠平均分为4组：假手术组（Sham组）,单纯损伤组（SCI组）,神经干细胞组（NSC组）和HIF-1α基因修饰NSC组（HIF—NSC组）。应用免疫组化法检测受伤脊髓中HIF-1α、NF200和GFAP的表达。结果HIF-NSC组中HIF-1αt免疫阳性细胞平均光密度值比其他各组各时间点均高（P〈O．01）,且表达高峰延迟至移植后14d;除第1天外,HIF—NSC组NF200表达比SCI组和NSC组明显增高（P〈0．05）,移植后28dNF200免疫阳性轴突数目也比SCI组和NSC组明显增多（P〈0．01）;移植后7d、14d、28dGFAP免疫阳性细胞面积均比SCI组和NSC组明显减少（P〈0．01）。结论HIF-1α基因修饰NSC移植可引起HIF-1α在损伤脊髓内有效表达,且能明显的促进NF200的表达,并能在脊髓损伤的后期抑制GFAP的表达。这提示HIF-1α基因修饰的NSC移植可减少受伤脊髓中胶质细胞的增生和胶质疤痕的形成,促进轴突再生。     

他克莫司对骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的影响

目的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)移植同时应用他克莫司(FK506),观察两者对脊髓损伤后大鼠恢复的影响。方法用钳夹法制作大鼠急性脊髓损伤动物模型30只,随机分成3组。A组为单纯损伤组,B组为单纯骨髓干细胞移植组,C组为骨髓干细胞联合FK506组。于伤后1w、2w、4w、6w、8w采用BBB评分。8周后取材,行免疫组化及病理学检查。结果B、C两组大鼠后肢运动功能均有较明显恢复,C组较B组为快,两组统计学上有差异(P<0.05)。A组亦有所恢复,但程度较轻。A组切片,未见神经轴索通过,B、C组可见少量神经轴索样结构。免疫组化显示:A组NF200阳性细胞,GFAP阳性细胞均较B组C组少(P<0.05)。C组Nogo阳性神经元较A、B两组明显减少(P<0.05)。B组NF200阳性细胞,GFAP阳性细胞均较C组少(P<0.05)。结论骨髓间质干细胞移植对于后肢功能的恢复有促进作用,联合应用FK506有协同效果。     

胎牛血清对大鼠胚胎海马神经干细胞向GFAP阳性细胞分化的影响

目的探讨胎牛血清对大鼠胚胎海马神经干细胞(neural stem cells,NSCs)向表达胶质纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP)细胞分化的影响。方法体外取材、纯化、传代培养NSCs至第3代并进行细胞特异性表面标记物Nestin染色鉴定,将已鉴定好的第3代NSCs分为NSCs单独培养组(对照组)和NSCs胎牛血清诱导组(血清组)继续培养7 d,观察各组NSCs的生长变化,免疫组织化学(ICH)检测GFAP了解GFAP阳性细胞数和细胞突触长度,RT-PCR、Western blot检测突触素(synaptophysin,SYN)的表达变化。结果与对照组相比,血清组GFAP阳性细胞数增多(P0.01),细胞突触长度增长(P0.01),SYN mRNA和蛋白表达增加(P0.01)。结论胎牛血清能够诱导大鼠胚胎海马NSCs向GFAP阳性细胞分化和促进分化后的GFAP阳性细胞突触的生长,可能与胎牛血清诱导过程中促进细胞表达SYN有关。     

拉喹莫德对中枢神经系统脱髓鞘小鼠胼胝体区少突胶质细胞的保护作用

目的探讨拉喹莫德(LAQ)对双环己酮草酰二腙(CPZ)诱导的C57BL/6脱髓鞘小鼠胼胝体区少突胶质细胞的保护作用。方法将80只C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为对照组(20只)、CPZ组(40只)、LAQ处理组(20只)。免疫荧光法观察CPZ组不同时间点(0 d、3 d、7 d、2周、4周、8周)胼胝体区髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)阳性细胞的分布,免疫印迹法检测三组各个时间点MBP和GFAP蛋白水平,ELISA法检测TNF-α和IL-1β含量。结果对照组各个时间点均未见脱髓鞘表现。与对照组相比,CPZ组MBP阳性细胞分布逐渐减少,然而GFAP阳性细胞分布逐渐增多,8周形成胶质瘢痕。与CPZ组比较,LAQ组于4周、8周时MBP蛋白表达均显著增加(均P0.05),于7 d、2周、4周、8周时GFAP蛋白均显著降低(均P0.05)。与正常组相比,LAQ组和CPZ组于7 d、2周、4周、8周时TNF-α、IL-1β均显著升高(均P0.05)。与CPZ组相比,LAQ组于2周、4周、8周时TNF-α、IL-1β表达均显著减低(均P0.05)。结论 LAQ具有保护CPZ诱导的脱髓鞘小鼠胼胝体区少突胶质细胞的作用,可能与抑制活化的星形胶质细胞分泌的炎症因子有关。     

特殊染色鉴定小剂量豚鼠脊髓匀浆诱导Wistar大鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎模型的价值

目的特殊染色鉴定小剂量豚鼠脊髓匀浆诱导Wistar大鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎模型的价值,并观察其病理的改变。方法按脊髓重量与冰盐水体积之比为1:5的比例制备豚鼠脊髓匀浆抗原,免疫Wistar大鼠,建立EAE模型;组织切片进行HE染色,三色染色,髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)及神经微丝(NF)免疫组化,光镜下观察病理改变。结果Wistar大鼠免疫后第16.07±4.25天发病,发病形式多样,除表现EAE经典症状外,尚出现痉挛状态、斜颈等特殊症状。HE染色发现神经组织内炎细胞浸润,血管"袖套"样病灶形成;三色染色可见轴突肿胀,呈串珠状,且不连续,着色不均匀;髓鞘结构层次紊乱,疏松,崩解;MBP及NF免疫组化研究发现病变组织内白质脱髓鞘及轴突损伤。结论三色染色结合MBP、NF免疫组化检测,较常规HE染色更能直接地、准确地显示EAE大鼠的病理变化,可推广应用。     

人神经干细胞体外培养、鉴定及电镜观察

目的 探讨体外人神经干细胞培养及鉴定。方法 用无血清培养与单细胞克隆技术对人胚胎脑组织进行分离、培养。用光镜、免疫组织化学及电镜对其进行鉴定与观察?结果 人胚胎分离的细胞具有连续分化及克隆能力，克隆球与早期的原始细胞神经上皮干细胞蛋白(nestin)抗原呈阳性。成熟分化后胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及神经丝-200(NF-200)抗原呈阳性。电镜下观察较原始的神经干细胞核大、胞浆少、细胞器不发达。诱导分化后，较成熟神经干细胞内可见到发达的细胞器，粗面内质网尤其丰富。并观察到神经微管微丝、胶样丝等结构。结论 胚胎脑组织在体外培养并克隆成神经球，具有很强的增殖能力，是多分化潜能干细胞。     

成年大鼠骨髓基质干细胞诱导分化为神经元样细胞不同方法比较的研究

目的 研究成年大鼠骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)诱导分化为神经元样细胞不同的方法，寻找它向神经细胞分化的最佳条件。方法 取纯度较高的BMSCs，通过不同的神经营养因子诱导法和抗氧化剂诱导法，进行抗巢蛋白(nestin)、神经元特异烯醇化酶(NSE)、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫细胞化学染色，观察相应的阳性细胞数。结果 诱导第3天A组(EGF：表皮生长因子，bFGF：碱性成纤维细胞生长因子，RA：全反式维甲酸)，B组(GDNF：胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子，BDNF：脑源性神经营养因子)，C组(EGF，bFGF，GDNF，BDNF和RA)的Nestin阳性细胞数较多，其中以C组最多，而D组(抗氧化剂)Nestin阳性细胞数少于前三组。A，B，C组的NSE，GFAP染色阳性细胞数较D组少，但D组有部分细胞发生死亡。诱导第7天A，B，C组的NSE，GFAP阳性细胞数较第3天时明显增多，C组最多，B组其次，Nestin阳性细胞数比例较第3天时明显减少。而D组的NSE，GFAP阳性细胞数少于其第3天时；C组诱导成神经细胞比例较高，阴性对照组和空白对照组极少或无阳性细胞。此外，神经营养因子诱导法生成神经样细胞的比例都多于胶质样细胞。结论 抗氧化剂诱导法分化诱导快，而神经营养因子诱导法分化诱导效率高，诱导后细胞生长状态明显好于前者，各种神经营养因子联合作用影响BMSCs的增殖和分化。     

急性液化石油气中毒大鼠血清S100B和髓鞘碱性蛋白的检测及意义

目的 研究急性液化石油气(LPG)中毒大鼠血清S100B和髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)的变化.方法 健康雄性成年SD大鼠54只按随机数字表法分为正常对照组(n=6)、20%LPG中毒组(n=24)和50%LPG中毒组(n=24).后2组大鼠分别吸入20%、50%LPG,对照组吸入等体积的空气.在中毒1、2、3、7 d时每组取6只大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分(NSS),ELISA法检测血清样本S100B和MBP的含量.结果 与正常对照组比较,20%LPG组中毒1 d、50%LPG组中毒1 d和2 d时NSS评分均较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在1 d和2 d时,20%LPG组和50%LPG组大鼠血清S100B、MBP均高于正常对照组,且50%LPG组高于20%LPG组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);3 d时50%LPG组血清S100B、MBP高于正常对照组和20%LPG组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);大鼠LPG中毒1 d时NSS评分、血清S100B、MBP浓度最高,与其它时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),后随时间延长逐渐恢复.结论 LPG中毒大鼠血清S100B和MBP同时升高,提示胶质细胞参与LPG中毒对神经系统的损害.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the changes of serum S100B and MBP in rats with liquid petroleum gas poisoning. Methods Fifty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomized into normal control group (n=6), 20% LPG poisoning group (n=24) and 50% LPG poisoning group (n=24). Rat models of liquid petroleum gas poisoning were established in the later 2 groups, and controls were given the same volume of air. The rats of each group(n=6) were scored with neurological severity scale (NSS) and the blood serum was collected on the 1st, 2nd, 3nd and 7th d of poisoning, respectively. The levels of S100B and MBP were detected by euzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results As compared with the scores of NSS in the normal control group, those on the 1st d of poisoning in the 20% LPG poisoning group and those on the 1st and 2nd d of poisoning in the 50% LPG poisoning group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). The levels of Sl00B and MBP in 20% and 50% LPG poisoning groups were higher than those in the control group on the 1st and 2nd d of poisoning (P＜0.05); the levels of S100B and MBP in 50% LPG poisoning group were higher than those in 20% LPG poisoning group on the 1st and 2nd d of poisoning (P＜0.05). The levels of S 100B and MBP in 50% LPG poisoning group were higher than those in 20% LPG poisoning group and normal control group on the 3rd of poisoning (P＜0.05). The NSS scores and the levels of S100B and MBP in rats with LPG poisoning enjoyed the highest scores or levels on the 1st d of poisoning and those decreased after that. Conclusion The levels of S100B and MBP of rats with LPG poisoning increase, indicating that gliocytes participate in the mechanism of nervous system injury in rats with liquid petroleum gas poisoning.     

牛脊髓髓鞘碱性蛋白的提取及初步鉴定

目的探索一条从牛脊髓中提取牛髓鞘碱性蛋白(M BP)的行之有效的方法,为实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)动物模型的建立及研究工作奠定基础。方法组织匀浆器将新鲜的牛脊髓捣碎,用London法抽提,考马司亮蓝法鉴定粗提品的含量,SDS-PAGE观测其分子量,M BP免疫W istar大鼠,以鉴定其抗原性。结果粗提品蛋白含量达10m g/m l,粗提品诱导EAE症状典型,发病率高。结论采用London法可从牛脊髓中获取大量的M BP,与其它方法比较产量高,诱导EAE效果好,且本法简便,所以有一定的推广价值。     

髓鞘碱性蛋白对急性一氧化碳中毒大鼠最终结局的预测价值及地塞米松干预的作用

目的评估髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)对急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒大鼠最终结局的预测价值,并探讨不同剂量地塞米松对急性CO中毒大鼠最终结局的干预作用。方法将130只体质量180²80g、雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成3个实验组(每组n=40)和健康对照组(n=10),即CO中毒组(CO中毒组);CO中毒+10mg·Kg-1·d-1地塞米松组(DXM-10组);CO中毒+30mg·Kg-1·d-1地塞米松组(DXM-30组)和健康对照组(NC组)。观察各组大鼠在染毒后21d内的死亡例数,并在染毒后60min断尾取血检测各组大鼠血清中MBP值。结果中毒后所有大鼠呈现典型急性CO中毒表现。在观察的21d内,CO中毒组中共有15只大鼠死亡,DXM-10组11只,而DXM-30组4只,死亡率分别为37.50%、27.50%和10.00%。而NC组中无大鼠死亡。实验组中所有死亡大鼠与存活大鼠其平均MBP值相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 CO中毒后60min腹腔内注射10mg·Kg-1·d-1地塞米松可降低急性CO中毒大鼠的死亡率,30mg·Kg-1·d-1地塞米松可显著降低其死亡率。MBP对急性CO中毒大鼠的最终结局具有预测价值。     

Synergistic interaction between Toll-like receptor agonists is required for induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats

To investigate whether TLR agonists can replace mycobacteria in adjuvant to induce EAE in Lewis rats, we immunized rats with MBP peptide (MBP(68-86)) in IFA, supplemented with TLR agonists. Rats immunized with MBP(68-86) plus CpG-ODN or LPS in IFA did not develop EAE. In contrast, rats immunized with MBP(68-86) plus CpG-ODN and LPS in IFA developed clinical EAE. Spleen cells proliferated and secreted IFN-gamma in response to MBP(68-86), and secreted IL-6 and IL-12p40 in response to CpG-ODN and LPS. However, rats immunized with MBP(68-86) plus CpG-ODN and PolyI:C, a TLR3 agonist, did not develop EAE. We conclude that selected combinations of TLR agonists can facilitate the induction of EAE by MBP peptide via the innate immune system.     

Effect of timing of intravenous administration of myelin basic protein on the induction of tolerance in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Immunological tolerance and suppression of clinical and histological experimental allergic encaphalomyelitis (EAE) can be induced by the intravenous (i.v.) administration of myelin basic protein (MBP). In this report we have characterized the effect of the time of i.v. administration of MBP on the course of EAE in Lewis rats. Rats were treated with the i.v. administration of one or two 500 micrograms doses of MBP either before or after active immunization. Results indicated that i.v. administration of MBP in rats before active immunization with MBP/CFA (na?ve rats) was most effective when given 14 days before active immunization, but treatment of rats actively immunized with MBP (immunized rats) was most effective at the onset of disease. Treatment at other times was less effective. The i.v. administration of the peptide MBP 68-88 (p68-88) containing the dominant encephalitogenic epitope could also suppress MBP-induced EAE in a dose dependent manner. Intravenous administration of two injections of p68-88 to na?ve rats on days 10 and 3 before, or on days 0 and 7 after, active immunization with MBP suppressed the development of EAE in a dose dependent manner. Treatment of rats with i.v. MBP after, but not before, the transfer of MBP-reactive EAE effector cells suppressed the development of EAE in the recipient rats. Transfer of lymphoid cells from tolerized na?ve rats failed to protect recipient rats against development of active or passive EAE. These results indicate the importance of timing and dose of the antigen on the induction of tolerance and suggests different mechanisms of tolerance induction by intravenous MBP in immunized and na?ve rats. They also emphasize the importance of timing in designing efficient treatment strategies when i.v. tolerance is contemplated in EAE and possibly multiple sclerosis.     

早期激素干预对急性一氧化碳中毒大鼠迟发性脑病的预防作用

目的观察早期激素干预对急性一氧化碳中毒大鼠迟发性脑病（DEACMP）的预防作用。方法将132只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成3个实验组：CO中毒组（COP组）、CO中毒＋地塞米松10 mg/kg组（DSMS-10组）和CO中毒＋地塞米松30 mg/kg组（DSMS-30组）,每组40只。另设健康对照组（NC组）,12只。实验组按150 ml/kg腹腔内注射CO制备急性一氧化碳中毒动物模型,健康对照组大鼠注射等体积的空气。在中毒后30 min内DSMS-10组腹腔内注射地塞米松剂量为10 mg/kg/d,共7 d;DSMS-30组腹腔内注射地塞米松剂量为30 mg/kg/d,共7 d;NC组和COP组则注射等剂量生理盐水。监测中毒后90 min、7 d、14 d、21 d各组大鼠血清中髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）的含量,并在上述各时间点处死大鼠取脑组织,行HE及MBP免疫组化染色。采用Morris水迷宫实验评估动物的智力状态。结果 Morris水迷宫实验结果显示,COP组中有8只大鼠被判定为迟发性脑病;DSMS-10组中有6只被判定为迟发性脑病;而DSMS-30组和对照组未出现迟发性脑病。COP组大鼠血清中MBP含量增高最显著,DSMS-10组也有增高,DSMS-30组接近正常。差异在中毒后90 min、7 d最明显。病理学检查显示COP组中发生迟发性脑病的大鼠在中毒90 min~21 d后脑海马、皮质下出现神经元损伤、髓鞘碱性蛋白脱失等病理改变,上述病理改变在各实验组中均可观察到,但以COP组大鼠病变程度最重,DSMS-30组最轻。结论10 mg/kg地塞米松可降低急性一氧化碳中毒大鼠迟发性脑病的发生率。30 mg/kg地塞米松则可避免迟发性脑病的发生。     

7.5%高渗盐水的不同给药方式对大鼠重型颅脑损伤后颅内压及血压的影响

目的建立大鼠重型颅脑损伤模型,比较7.5%高渗盐水(HS)三种不同给药方式对重型颅脑损伤大鼠颅内压(ICP)及血压(MBP)的影响。方法将50只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为A组、B组、C组、生理盐水组、空白对照组,每组10只。造模后A组采用快速输注方式、B组采用缓慢输注方式、C组采用先快速后缓慢输注的方式,比较给药前及给药后1-6h内ICP及MAP的变化。结果 (1)7.5%HS三种给药方式ICP均会下降(2)A、B、C三组在ICP最低值、药物起效时间、ICP降至最低用时方面均有统计学差异(P0.001).(3)三组ICP降幅及用药前后MBP无统计学差异(P0.05)(4)生理盐水组输注前后颅内压无明显变化。结论 (1)7.5%HS不同给药方式均会降低颅内高压(2)快速输注组起效时间更快,维持时间最长,降颅内压效果明显。     

睡眠剥夺对大鼠血清MBP及皮质醇含量的影响

目的　测定大鼠睡眠剥夺 ( sleep deprivation,SD)后血清髓鞘碱性蛋白 ( myelin basic protein,MBP)和皮质醇水平变化 ,观察 SD对大脑的损害情况。方法　采用小平台水环境法建立 SD模型 ,以大平台组 ( TC)和正常笼养组 ( CC)作为对照组 ,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定 MBP水平 ,并用双抗体放射免疫法测定皮质醇水平。观察大鼠经 1、3、5 d SD后上述指标变化。结果　与 CC组比较 ,SD 1、3、5 d后血清皮质醇水平均增高 ,与 TC组比较 ,SD3、5 d血清皮质醇水平增高 ,差异有显著性 ;SD5 d后血清 MBP水平增高 ,SD1、3 d水平差异无显著性。TC组与 CC组比较 ,血清皮质醇水平增高而 MBP水平差异无显著性。结论　长时间 SD可引起脑器质性损害。     

Analysis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced in F344 rats by pertussis toxin administration

To elucidate the factor(s) accelerating the autoimmune disease processes, we induced two types of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), severe and very mild, in F344 rats by immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP) plus pertussis toxin (PT) (PT+) or with MBP alone (PT-) and compared the differences between the two. Immunohistochemical examinations showed that although the nature of inflammation was essentially the same between the two groups, the proportion of Vbeta8.2(+) T cells in the CNS lesion of PT (+) rats was larger than that of PT (-) rats. Cytokine analysis by competitive PCR revealed that IL-10 mRNA in the lymphoid organ was significantly suppressed in the PT(+) group, whereas levels of IFN-gamma,TNF-alpha and TGF-beta mRNA were insignificantly different after PT administration. In addition, T cells taken from PT (+) rats proliferated well in response to MBP, while those from PT (-) rats showed a marginal response to the same antigen. However, this finding does not indicate the switching of non-encephalitogenic to encephalitogenic T cells upon PT administration because PT (-) rats contained encephalitogenic T cells and/or their precursor cells as revealed by adoptive transfer experiments. Taken together, these findings suggest that suppression of IL-10 by PT administration is the major factor contributing to the exacerbation of EAE in PT(+) rats.     

Encephalitogenic T cells are present in Lewis rats protected from autoimmune encephalomyelitis by coimmunization with MBP73-84 and its analog

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is mediated by T helper 1 (Th1) CD4⁺ T cells. Lewis rats can be protected from actively induced EAE by coimmunization with the encephalitogenic myelin basic protein (MBP) epitope 73–84 and its single alanine-substituted analog 1028. Although analog 1028 cannot induce either active or passive EAE, it does elicit a Th1-like response that is cross-reactive with MBP73–84. Analog 1028 can effectively inhibit clinical EAE in a dose-dependent manner when rats are coimmunized with the encephalitogenic peptide MBP73–84 and 1028 in complete Freund adjuvant (CFA). Stimulation of cells from MBP73–84:1028—coimmunized protected rats proliferate and secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in vitro in response to MBP73–84. Furthermore, coimmunized protected rats harbor a population of MBP73–84—reactive potentially encephalitogenic T cells, because splenocytes from these rats can be stimulated to transfer passive EAE to naive recipients. Thus, the protection of coimmunized rats by analog 1028 is not due to the inhibition of priming of MBP73–84—reactive T cells or alteration of the cytokine secretion profile of the MBP73–84—reactive cell population. Rather, MBP73–84—reactive potentially encephalitogenic T cells are primed in these protected animals. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.