Jitter performance analysis of SOCDMA-based EPON using perfect difference codes

Recently the passive optical network (PON) has attracted a lot of attention because it is an excellent solution for broad-band first mile services. Combining Ethernet frame with PON (EPON) and using synchronous optical code-division multiple-access (SOCDMA) technology are very promising for this application. In this paper, we analyze the jitter performance of SOCDMA-based EPON communication systems using perfect difference codes (PDC). We propose the joint jitter estimator and canceller (JJEC) to reduce the impact of jitter and multiple-user interference (MUI). The bit error rate (BER) of the system with JJEC is formulated analytically based on the correlator and the simple sampler receiver structures. The numerical results show that the proposed scheme can significantly suppress the MUI and improve the system performance.     

Performance of ultrawideband SSMA using time hopping and M-ary PPM

Wireless spread spectrum multiple access (SSMA) using time hopping and block waveform encoded (M-ary) pulse position modulated (PPM) signals is analyzed. For different M-ary PPM signal designs, the multiple-access performance in free-space propagation renditions is analyzed in terms of the number of users supported by the system for a given bit error rate, signal-to-noise ratio, bit transmission rate, and number of signals in the M-ary set. The processing gain and number of simultaneous users are described in terms of system parameters. Tradeoffs between performance and receiver complexity are discussed. Upper bounds on both the maximum number of users and the total combined bit transmission rate are investigated. This analysis is applied to ultrawideband impulse radio modulation. In this modulation, the communications waveforms are practically realized using subnanosecond impulse technology. A numerical example is given that shows that impulse radio modulation is theoretically able to provide multiple-access communications with a combined transmission capacity of hundreds of megabits per second at bit error rates in the range 10^-4 to 10^-7 using receivers of moderate complexity     

Frequency-hopped multiple-access communications with noncoherent M-ary OFDM-ASK

A noncoherent, bandwidth-efficient modulation scheme is proposed for frequency-hopping multiple-access (FH-MA) networks. The proposed scheme is a combination of noncoherent M-ary amplitude-shift keying (NMASK) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). Using this scheme minimizes the required data bandwidth. The number of frequency slots available to the users increases significantly for a fixed spread-spectrum bandwidth (BW/sub SS/). The effect of the multiple-access interference is reduced. Simple and accurate bit error rate expressions have been derived for FH-OFDM-MASK in additive white Gaussian noise channels and for FH-OFDM-ASK in Rayleigh fading channels.     

Adaptive self-reconfigurable interference suppression schemes forCDMA

In this paper we present a new approach to interference suppression in code-division multiple-access (CDMA) wireless networks. Depending on the interfering signal, these schemes adaptively change not only their parameters but their structures as well. For the relevant types of the interfering signal, suppression is also possible for the wideband interference occupying the same frequency band as the CDMA signal. Probability of error in these schemes is for several orders of magnitude better than in the existing solutions described in the open literature so far. The main applications are the CDMA overlay type wireless network collocated in the same frequency band with a high bit rate microwave communication system, and the multimedia CDMA network where high bit rate signal due to lower processing gain must use a higher level in order to provide the required quality of transmission     

Application of convolutional error correcting codes in ultrawideband M-ary PPM signaling

The interference issues related to ultrawideband (UWB) radio pose tight restrictions on the maximum data rate of UWB radio telecommunication systems. A possible solution is to reduce the required signal to interference ratio (SIR) that gives satisfactory performance to the UWB system. In this letter, we propose coded M-ary UWB radio communication systems. Two classes of convolutional codes, namely, low-rate superorthogonal codes and high-rate punctured codes are considered for this purpose. Simulation results on the bit error rate of the proposed system indicates that the system is capable to work in lower SIR's and therefore supports higher data transmission rates in a real interference environment compared to the previously proposed UWB communication systems.     

跳时序列对UWB系统多址性能的影响

通过变换超宽带(UWB)无线电通信系统的信号模型,分析了该通信系统的多址性能,给出了跳时序列与其所产生的多址干扰之间的关系,从而明确了跳时序列的相关性能对该通信系统误码率的影响。     

A multiuser interference cancellation technique utilizingconvolutional codes and orthogonal multicarrier modulation for wirelessindoor communications

This paper suggests that multicarrier modulation reduces the complexity and the delay caused by the multiuser interference cancellation process utilizing convolutional codes. For spread spectrum multiple access, multiuser interference (interference due to signals from other users) limits the performance of the communication link. To remove this interference, a multiuser interference cancellation technique which utilizes orthogonal convolutional codes has been proposed for the uplink (mobiles to a base station) of the cellular code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems. However, this technique requires large interleavers and huge memory, or artificial multipath diversity and a RAKE system to achieve sufficient coding gain if it is applied to wireless indoor communications and fading is slow compared to the data rate. To reduce the complexity of the canceller, multicarrier modulation is employed as it provides frequency diversity gain and coding gain without the interleavers or a RAKE system. This paper shows that multicarrier modulation reduces the complexity of the canceller and still provides sufficient coding gain in order to cancel the multiuser interference. A canceller with decoding in the initial decision and multicarrier modulation improves the capacity by a factor of 1.4 as compared with a canceller without decoding     

Multiuser detection for cooperative networks and performance analysis

We investigate strategies for user cooperation in the uplink of a synchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS/CDMA) network employing nonorthogonal spreading codes and analyze their performance. We consider two repetition-based relay schemes: decode-and-forward (DAF) and amplify-and-forward (AAF). Focusing on the use of linear multiuser detectors, we first present cooperation strategies, i.e., signal processing at both the relay nodes and the base station (BS), under the assumption of perfectly known channel conditions of all links; then, we consider the more practical scenario where relays and BS have only partial information about the system parameters, which requires blind multiuser detection methods. We provide performance analysis of the proposed detection strategies in terms of the (asymptotic) signal-to-(interference plus noise) ratio and the bit error rate, and we show that AAF achieves a full second-order diversity when a minimum mean-square-error detector is employed at both the relay side and the BS. A simple, yet effective, partner selection algorithm is also presented. Finally, a thorough performance assessment is undertaken to study the impact of the multiple-access interference on the proposed cooperative strategies under different scenarios and system assumptions.     

On the use of a suppression filter for CDMA overlay

This paper is concerned with a direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system operating over a Rayleigh fading channel and sharing a common spectrum with a narrow-band waveform. A suppression filter at the receiver is employed to reduce the narrow-band interference. We evaluate the average up-link bit error rate (BER) performance and investigate how the performance is influenced by various parameters, such as the number of taps of the suppression filter, the number of multiple-access users, the ratio of narrow-band interference bandwidth to the spread-spectrum bandwidth, the interference power to signal power ratio, the ratio of the offset of the interference carrier frequency from the spread-spectrum carrier frequency to the half spread-spectrum signal bandwidth, and so on     

Performance of one-hop/symbol FHMA for cellular mobilecommunications

This paper is concerned with the bit-error rate (BER) performance of a cellular one-hop/symbol frequency-hopping multiple-access (FHMA) system operating through a multipath Rayleigh fading channel. M-ary frequency shift keying modulation with noncoherent square-law envelope demodulation and Reed-Solomon (RS) coding is considered. The multiple-access and adjacent cell interference of the cellular FHMA system has been studied. In order to illustrate how sensitive both systems are to the near/far problem, performance of the FHMA system is compared with that of a direct-sequence code-division multiple-access system for an equal system bandwidth. Also, this paper investigates the effect of the values of frequency reuse factor (N) on the system capacity of the cellular frequency-hopping system     

A novel frequency-hopping spread-spectrum multiple-access network using M-ary orthogonal Walsh sequence keying

A novel frequency-hop spread-spectrum multiple-access network employing M-ary orthogonal Walsh sequence keying with noncoherent demodulation is proposed. The transmitted Walsh sequence is overlaid by a user-specific pseudonoise sequence to reduce the effect of multiple-access hits. Two Gaussian approximations for the multiple-access interference from both the dehopped slot and its neighboring slots are developed and are used to analyze the performance of the proposed network for synchronous and asynchronous hopping under nonfading and Rayleigh fading channels. The effect of imperfect hop timing synchronization at the receiver is also analyzed. It is shown that the proposed network offers significantly improved network throughput compared to networks based on traditional M-ary frequency-shift keying modulation.     

MPPSK调制的跳时多址研究

研究了一种MPPSK调制的跳时多址实现方法。发送端对时域连续的正弦载波进行调制,根据用户唯一分配的跳时图案及待发送的符号,在相应的时隙产生相位跳变,非跳变处都是正弦波;接收端将信号通过冲击滤波,依据传输时延及跳时图案获得相应时隙的包络值,进行检测判决。通过仿真,对比了相同调制参数下跳时多址MPPSK与非跳时MPPSK的误码性能。结果表明:在各用户跳时图案正交的情况下,跳时调制的MPPSK信号并未损失误码性能,验证了此种跳时多址实现方法的可行性和有效性。      

Rayleigh衰落信道M元多码MC-CDMA系统的性能分析

针对扩频通信中的M元多码系统,结合OFDM技术特点,提出了一种新的M元多码MC-CDMA系统.在分析系统基本原理基础上,建立了系统信号模型,对系统在Rayleigh衰落信道情况下误码性能进行了研究,推导出误码率公式,对误码性能进行了仿真.在相同传输条件下,与传统的M元多码扩频系统和MC-CDMA系统进行了对比,结果表明M元多码MC-CDMA系统在误码性能和信息传输能力上都有一定的提高.     

An adaptive canceller of cochannel interference for spread-spectrummultiple-access communication networks in a power line

The authors propose and investigate an adaptive canceller of intersymbol and cochannel interference due to channel distortion and cross-correlation among pseudonoise sequences assigned to individual users of a DS-SSMA (direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiple-access) system. In order to implement a local area network (LAN) by using a power line installed in a building wall as a transmission channel, the authors have investigated utilization of DS-SSMA which has advantages such as robustness against narrow-band interference and noise and realization of asynchronous code division multiple access. In a power line, however, restriction of transmission bandwidth for communications makes it difficult to suppress cochannel interference and the channel is also time-varying due to fluctuation of loads. Since the proposed canceller adaptively eliminates cochannel interference as well as intersymbol interference, it can facilitate synchronization and increase the number of the simultaneously accessing users on a power line with restricted processing gain. The error probability in the output of the canceller is theoretically calculated for the steady-state case by using a Markov model. Computer simulations illustrate stable convergence properties of the canceller     

Direct-detection synchronous O-CDMA system with interference estimation and cancellation

An M-ary coded synchronous optical code-division multiple-access (O-CDMA) system with pulse-position modulation (PPM) is investigated. One novel class of optical spreading codes based on combinatorial designs is adopted in the multiplexing process. Their ideal correlation properties facilitate the discrimination between desired signals and jamming. However, the multiple-access interference (MAI) with high intensity significantly deteriorates the system performance even if the number of interferers is small. In this paper, we present an interference reduction technique for direct-detection O-CDMA to suppress the noise effect and increase the system capacity. The MAI from reference signals can be estimated by utilizing the uniform cross-correlation (CC) among its sequences and considerably cancelled out after the photodetection process. The upper bound on the error probability of optical synchronous PPM-CDMA is then derived. The proposed system is shown to be effective to improve the bit error performance and to alleviate the error floor when the number of simultaneous users and the received optical power are not appreciably small.     

Performance analysis of direct-detection optical asynchronous CDMAsystems with double optical hard-limiters

Performance of optical asynchronous code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems with double optical hard-limiters is analyzed under the assumption of Poisson shot noise model for the receiver photodetector where the noise due to the detector dark currents exists. Optical orthogonal codes (OOC's) are employed as signature sequence codes. In the analysis, chips are assumed to be synchronous among users, that is, the chip synchronous case, because the effect of the interference is largest in the chip synchronous case and thus the performance in the chip synchronous case results in the upper bounds on the performance of the asynchronous system. The performance is evaluated under average power and bit rate constraints. The results show that, differing from the optical synchronous CDMA systems with double optical hard-limiters, the optical asynchronous CDMA systems with double optical hard-limiters have good performance even when the number of simultaneous users is large     

Effects of Subcarrier Power Allocation on an Interference Avoidance Code Assignment Strategy for Multirate MC-DS-CDMA Systems

In this paper, we propose a joint subcarrier power allocation (SPA) and code assignment scheme for the synchronous multirate multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC-DS-CDMA) system with time- and frequency-domain spreadings. Based on the newly defined metric multiple-access interference (MAI) coefficient, the proposed code assignment strategy can quantitatively predict the incurred MAI before assigning a spreading code. The SPA mechanism aims to maximize the received signal power. In addition to lowering the MAI, the proposed code assignment strategy further considers the compactness of the assigned codes in the entire 2-D tree structure. The simulation results show that the proposed joint SPA and code assignment strategy not only can reach a better received signal quality but can also achieve a high call admission rate.     

Multiple-access channels with point-process observations: Optimum demodulation

The derivation and analysis of optimum multiuser detectors for additive-rate and additive-light Poisson multiple-access channels are studied. The observed point process models the output of an ideal photodetector illuminated by several synchronous or asynchronous users who modulate coherent light of the same frequency. Dynamic programming-based decision rules for the asynchronous multiple-access channel exhibit the same computational complexity as their synchronous counterparts and are shown to be optimum under the criteria of minimum error probability and maximum likelihood sequence detection. Upper and lower bounds on the minimum uncoded bit error rate achievable with arbitrary signal constellations are obtained in terms of the error probability of binary hypothesis testing problems. A particular case of these results, namely, the single-user finite-length intersymbol interference problem, solves the error rate analysis of optimum direct-detection systems for dispersive optical fibers.     

Performance evaluation of impulse radio UWB systems with pulse-based polarity randomization

In this paper, the performance of a binary phase shift keyed random time-hopping impulse radio system with pulse-based polarity randomization is analyzed. The effects of interframe interference and multiple-access interference on the performance of a generic Rake receiver are investigated for asynchronous systems in frequency-selective environments. A key step is to model the asynchronous system as a chip-synchronous system with uniformly distributed timing jitter for the transmitted pulses of interfering users. This model allows the analytical technique developed for the synchronous case to be extended to the asynchronous case and allows the derivation of closed-form equations for the bit error probability in various Rake receiver architectures. It is shown that a Gaussian approximation can be used for both multiple-access and interframe interference as long as the number of frames per symbols is large (typically, at least 5), whereas there is no minimum requirement for the number of users for the equations to hold. It is observed that under many circumstances, the chip-synchronous case shows a worse bit error probability performance than the asynchronous case; the amount of the difference depends on the autocorrelation function of the ultra-wideband pulse and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio of the system. Simulations studies support the approximate analysis.     

A zero-forcing multiuser transmitter preprocessing scheme for downlink communications

In this letter a multiuser transmitter preprocessing (MUTP) approach is proposed for downlink wireless communications, such as in spatial-division multiple-access (SDMA) or direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system. In the proposed MUTP the preprocessing matrix is obtained by constructing a subspace that is orthogonal to the interference subspace without relying on eigen-analysis. The proposed MUTP fully removes the downlink multiuser interference, resulting in the zero-forcing (ZF) solution. It is capable of achieving the same bit error rate (BER) performance as the conventional ZF-based MUTP (ZF-MUTP).