复合菌丝球对孔雀绿的吸附脱色研究

研究了复合菌丝球对孔雀绿染料液的脱色作用,考察了培养时间、初始pH值、复合菌丝球投加量、培养温度、锰过氧化物酶(MnP)对孔雀绿脱色的影响。结果表明,复合菌丝球在初始pH值为5、投加量为5 g·L-1、35℃、160 r·min-1的条件下振荡培养12 h对孔雀绿的脱色率达到99%以上;初始pH值对脱色及产MnP影响最大,说明初始pH值影响复合菌丝球的表面电荷状态及生长状态,从而影响生物脱色过程。复合菌丝球为染料废水处理提供了一种低廉简便的绿色途径。     

Fe0价铁催化Fenton法降解酸性橙Ⅱ的研究

以Fe0作为H2O2的催化剂,建立了Fe0催化Fenton法(Fe0-Fenton)处理染料酸性橙Ⅱ(AOⅡ)模拟废水.Fe0的添加保证了溶液中较高的Fe2+含量,促进了H2O2的分解并提高了Fenton反应的降解效率.同时考察了初始pH、铁屑投加量、H20:投加量、铁屑粒径和染料初始含量等因素对降解效果的影响,结果表明,在溶液初始pH为3、铁屑投加量为10g·L-1、H2O2投加量为10mmol·L-I,铁屑粒径为0.84～0.42mm的最佳处理条件下,初始质量浓度200mg·L-1的AOII溶液在120 min内脱色率达到100%.     

负载型TiO2光催化降解染料酸性蓝的研究

以硅酸钠为粘结剂,将纳米TiO2固定在焦炭载体上,制备了负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂。在紫外灯和太阳光分别照射下,对酸性蓝染料进行光催化降解研究。探讨了催化剂投加量、外加氧化剂量和反应时间等因素对光催化降解反应的影响。结果表明:在紫外光照射下,催化剂用量1 g/L、10%H2O2用量0.2 mL、浓度20 mg/L的酸性蓝染料经40 min处理,其脱色率达到93%;若改用太阳光照射,其脱色率则达到96%,证明光催化氧化法可以有效地降解酸性蓝染料。此外,还对负载型TiO2催化降解酸性蓝染料的机理进行了初步探讨。     

非均相催化氧化处理染料废水

以自制复合颗粒为载体,采用混合-浸渍煅烧法,制备了CuO/C-Al2O3-凹凸棒,考察催化剂在处理酸性大红和活性蓝X-BR染料废水中的催化性能及稳定性,试验结果表明:去除酸性大红和活性蓝X-BR的最佳条件是:温度为60℃,氧化剂的投加量为80 mL/L,pH值为2,催化剂的投加量分别为40、30 g/L。催化剂稳定性好,重复利用10次后对酸性大红的去除率仍达85%以上。将粉末活性炭、活性氧化铝、凹凸棒复合制成载体,为染料废水处理提供了一种新思路。     

UV/草酸铁络合物处理直接冻黄染料的实验研究

采用UV/草酸铁络合物对直接冻黄染料废水进行处理.研究了H2O2 K2O2O4和Fe2 (SO4)3·7H2O的投加量、pH值、光照时间等因素对染料废水处理效果的影响和最佳处理条件.结果表明,pH值4,30%H2O2的投加量0.5mL·L-1、0.1mol·L-1 Fe2(SO4)3·7H2O的投加量5.0mL·L-1,0.1moL·L-1K2C2O4的投加量7.5mL·L-1,UV光照时间16min的最佳条件下,70mg·L-1的直接冻黄模拟染料废水脱色率可达96.52%.通过和UV/Fenton法进行对比实验,UV/草酸铁法优于UV/Fenton法,是一项有研究价值和开发应用前景的污染治理新技术.     

负载氧化铁石英砂用于Fenton-流化床体系处理印染废水的研究

制备了负载氧化铁石英砂催化载体,负载的氧化铁颗粒其粒径为100 nm左右。通过重复使用负载石英砂载体探讨其稳定性,结果表明,pH=3.0,H2O2初始浓度为10 mmol.L-1,催化剂载体投加量40 g.L-1的条件下,亚铁投加量减少到0.2 mmol.L-1时,100 min后对甲基橙溶液的脱色率为97.5%。同时,负载石英砂载体重复使用5次后脱色率仍高于70%。表明负载氧化铁石英砂用于Fenton-流化床体系是一种有应用潜力的高级氧化处理废水的反应体系。     

SnWO4/g-C3N4复合光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝溶液

采用溶剂热法制备SnWO_4/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂,在可见光降解亚甲基蓝实验中研究复合催化剂的光催化性能。考察催化剂投加量、亚甲基蓝溶液初始浓度、溶液pH值、盐效应对光催化性能的影响及SnWO_4/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的重复利用性。实验结果表明,在催化剂投加量1.0 g·L~(-1)、亚甲基蓝溶液初始浓度15 mg·L~(-1)和溶液pH值7.08时,在可见光条件下反应3 h,亚甲基蓝溶液脱色率达到94.2%;NaCl对光催化降解亚甲基蓝具有抑制作用,加入10 mmol·L~(-1)的NaCl溶液后亚甲基蓝的脱色率降为76.0%;复合光催化剂循环使用5次后,暗吸附后光照3 h,亚甲基蓝溶液的总脱色率仍可达到78.7%,重复利用性良好。     

响应曲面法分析零价铁对普施安蓝H-5R脱色的影响因素

该文分别从零价铁（zVI）投加量、粒径、pH值、盐浓度、摇床摇速对偶氮染料普施安蓝H-5R进行脱色速率研究,并通过响应曲面进行试验优化。结果表明在初始染料溶液浓度为200mg／L时,最适投加量为1．5g／L,脱色速率随着粒径和摇床摇速增大而升高,中性和偏酸条件下pH影响不大,高浓度盐可以增加染料的脱色。响应曲面法（RSM）结果还表明不同影响因素之间存在相互作用,从而影响染料脱色。     

染料酸性蓝水溶液光催化氧化脱色研究

以300W高压汞灯为光源,TiO2为催化剂,对光催化剂用量,H2O2的投加,溶液的起始浓度等因素对高浓度酸性蓝(AcidBlue)(1g/L)水溶液的光催化氧化脱色的影响进行研究。结果表明:TiO2的投加量在0~2mg/L范围内,对染料的脱色率影响较小。仅加入TiO2,光照50h,脱色率达11.2%;仅加入H2O2,光照50h,脱色率达31.2%;同时加入TiO2和H2O2,光照50h,脱色率达70.1%。随着酸性蓝起始浓度的降低,脱色率随之增加。     

枯草芽孢杆菌产絮凝剂的发酵条件及絮凝特性研究

采用常规划线分离方法从污泥中筛选出1株高效微生物絮凝剂产生菌,经生理生化试验鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌,研究了该菌发酵条件对所产絮凝剂絮凝除浊和脱色的影响,并在此基础上研究该絮凝剂的絮凝特性.结果表明,产絮凝剂的最佳发酵条件为:初始pH为8.0～8.5,摇床转速120 r·min-1,温度28～32℃,接种量为体积分数5％,碳源为蔗糖,氮源为尿素和硫酸铵的复合氮源.所产微生物絮凝剂粗品絮凝除浊的适宜条件为:絮凝剂投加量120mg·L-1,助凝剂CaCl2(10 g·L-1)用量200 mg·L-1,pH为7.5～9.0;其絮凝脱色的适宜条件为:絮凝剂投加量200 mg·L-1,CaCl2( 10g·L-1)投加量400 mg·L-1,pH 10.0;以CaCl2为助凝剂可使絮凝效率提高10％～30％.在适宜絮凝条件下,该微生物絮凝剂絮凝除浊和脱色效率分别可达99.7％和90.2％.     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。     

典型煤碳燃烧特性研究和数值模拟

本文以三种典型煤的碳燃烧为研究对象，分别采用简单一维沉降燃烧方式和等温加热燃烧方式，实验研究了煤在快速加热条件下，其碳的初期和中，后期燃烧过程。以实验为基础，建立了煤的碳燃烧模型，变工况数值模拟了煤的碳燃烧过程，揭示了煤不同条件下的单颗粒碳燃烧特性。