国内最大高温地热热泵机组在西安投入运行

国内最大高温地热热泵机组在西安投入运行。由西安市地热开发经营服务中心负责的西安市丰盛园小区供暖项目，采用了国内最先进的地热 高温水源热泵供暖技术，供暖面积25万m^2。该技术节能环保，符合可持续发展的要求，利用高温水源热泵从原先50℃排放掉的地热尾水中吸取热量，然后输出65℃热水进行供暖，使地热尾水温度降低到10℃排放。同往年相比，     

低焓能源运用热泵供暖的技术经济分析

结合我国国情。讨论了４５－６０℃低焓能源运用热泵供暖的技术经济性，节能效果和环保效益。     

热泵供暖的经济性分析

该文对利用低品位的浅层地下水作为水源热泵的热源，冬季向建筑物供暖的经济性进行了分析研究，结果表明用低品位的地热资源利用热泵技术进行供暖具有很好的节能和环保效益。     

高温水源热泵在地热供暖中的应用

针对目前地热供暖应用的现状，介绍了一种全新的地热、高温水源热泵的供暖方案。在比较了各种常规的供暖模式的经济及环保效益的同时，为低温地热水、地热尾水及其它各种温度在30-60℃之间的中低品位余热水资源提供了一种高效、合理的利用途径。     

北京圣世苑培训中心地热热泵供暖系统研究

该系统充分利用现有的地热井(69℃，120t／h)，采用高温水源热泵的供暖技术，解决了15万m’供暖面积的基本需求。本设计方案旨在彻底解决原有供热系统中地热尾水的余热不能充分合理利用，以及地热水排放温度过高等问题，从而达到节能、环保、节约运行费用的目的。     

地热热泵调峰供暖系统的热力及经济分析

着重分析了地热热泵调峰供暖系统的热力性能和经济性。对两种采暖终端暖气片和风机盘管，分析计算了地热热泵调峰供暖系统的供暖参数和热泵性能参考。对我国目前经济条件下地热热泵调峰供暖的经济性进行了探讨，并与常规地热锅炉调峰供暖和传统锅炉供暖进行了比较。     

地温热泵空调简谈

地温热泵空调是基于热泵技术，利用地热提供能源实现供暖、制冷空调的方法，具有节能环保双重优点，也是最经济的空调方法。     

燃气机热泵供暖过程的计算与分析

对驱动燃气机热泵的发动机余热产生规律进行了实验研究，并对燃气机热泵建立了一个计算模型。通过计算，分析了发动机余热对燃气热泵供暖过程的影响，着重分析了部分负荷下燃气机热泵的供暖过程的特点。以上海地区的气候条件和能源价格为基础，对燃气机热泵供暖的能耗和运行费用进行了分析比较。     

用热泵作被动式太阳房辅助热源的研究

北方寒冷地区，农村直接受益式被动式太阳房在采暖季节室内温度较低，舒适性差。本研究采用热泵辅助供暖的方式对被动式太阳房在采暖季节进行供暖实验。通过与煤炉、电加热器、分散式锅炉供暖的比较，验证了该方法的可行性。同时对热泵供暖进行优化，找出影响热泵供暖性能及年成本价格的因素，并对其在小城镇的推广做了分析。结果表明，热泵作为被动式太阳房在北方寒冷地区及电力充沛而集中供暖有困难地区的辅助热源是可行的。     

温室大棚多热源热泵供暖系统的研究

针对传统温室大棚供暖方式的不足,为充分和高效的将可再生能源用于温室供暖,设计建立温室大棚多热源热泵供暖系统的实验装置。该文通过实验对多热源热泵供暖系统的性能及供暖效果进行分析。实验表明系统在不同天气工况下运行稳定且供暖效果明显,温室土壤温度日平均提升1～2℃,室内空气温度日平均提升2～5℃。该文同时在节能和经济效益方面对系统进行评估,多热源热泵系统的综合性能系数COP值在5～6之间,明显优于其他形式的热泵系统;通过对比不同的温室供暖方式,相比常规能源(油、气、电),多热源热泵系统运行费用节省73%以上。     

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC GENERATING SYSTEMS IN NEDO

The optimal exergy-based ecological performance of a generalized irreversible Carnot refrigerator with losses of heat resistance, heat leakage and internal irreversibility is derived by taking an ecological optimization criterion as the objective. The transfer between the working fluid and heat reservoirs obeys a generalized heat transfer law Q∝ Δ (T ⁿ ) ^m . Some special examples are discussed. Results include the optimal ecological performance of the irreversible Carnot refrigerator with various heat transfer laws, which were obtained in many studies, and can provide some theoretical guidelines for the design of practical refrigerators.     

内蒙古西部农牧区住宅冬季室内热环境优化研究

为提升内蒙古西部农牧区住宅的室内热环境、降低采暖能耗,选取具有代表性的生土住宅、砖混住宅和被动式住宅进行调研,并对室内外的空气温度、相对湿度等参数做的测试。通过分析数据得出,被动式住宅的室内热环境优于砖混住宅也优于生土住宅。对影响能耗的住宅朝向、南向窗墙比、北向窗墙比、透明围护结构材质、保温层厚度、非透明围护结构材质、附加阳光间进深、东向窗墙比等8个因素进行单因素优化和正交优化,计算出优选方案。研究结果可为内蒙古西部农牧区住宅冬季室内热环境的改善提供依据。     

THE IMPROVEMENT OF THERMAL COMFORT IN LOW COST HOUSING IN MAURITIUS

This study aims at improving thermal comfort in low-cost housing in Mauritius. On-site experimental measurements were carried out and compared with results obtained using a computer program for modelling the thermal behaviour of houses in tropical countries. A good correlation is obtained for the evolution of daily temperatures inside the houses (a difference of the order of 1sol;C). However, the program does not appear to take sufficient account of the fairly high thermal inertia of the houses, causing a phase lag of about 2 hours in the calculated temperatures. From this comparison, various solutions are proposed for the comfort problems in these types of houses.     

太阳能-土壤蓄热融雪系统融雪机理的研究

利用FLUENT对太阳能融雪系统路面冰雪融化过程进行数值模拟,得出路面融雪的温度场及相界面移动规律.对系统参数的选择进行分析,得出融雪所需时间与影响太阳能融雪系统工作特性的一些参数(外界环境条件、管径、埋管深度、管间距)的关系.所得结论对太阳能-土壤蓄热融雪系统路面部分的设计以及优化有重要的参考价值.     

SPATIAL BEHAVIOR IN DYNAMICAL THERMOELASTICITY BACKWARD IN TIME FOR POROUS MEDIA

The aim of this paper is to study the spatial behavior of the solutions to the final-boundary-value problems associated with the linear theory of elastic materials with voids. More precisely, the present study is devoted to porous materials with a memory effect for the intrinsic equilibrated body forces. An appropriate time-weighted volume measure is associated with the backward-in-time thermoelastic processes. Then a first-order partial differential inequality in terms of such measure is established and it is further shown how the inequality implies the spatial exponential decay of the thermoelastic process in question.     

LOW RAYLEIGH NUMBER CONJUGATE CONVECTION IN STRAIGHT INCLINED FRACTURES IN ROCK

This investigation explores the natural convection in a water-filled straight inclined fracture in rock subject to a uniform background temperature increasing with depth. The numerical solutions cover aspect ratios from 2 to 50, with Rayleigh numbers of magnitude 1, 10, and 100. The inclination angle ranges from 0° to 90° to the horizontal. The results demonstrate that a straight inclined fracture experiences a gradient-driven convection flow whose strength is strongly dependent on aspect ratio. The flow increases as the fracture angle changes from either purely horizontal or purely vertical, with a maximum at 45°. It is observed that fractures with an aspect ratio as low as 10 exhibit average velocities at the midplane of nearly 90% of the values calculated from the analytical solution for the infinite aspect ratio limit.     

铸造多晶硅中氧与碳在连续冷却中的沉淀研究

实验结果显示,铸造多晶硅经1350℃加热1h后在高达10℃/s的速率下冷却仍会产生氧沉淀和热施主,生成氧沉淀的量和热施主的浓度在0.017～10℃/s范围内随冷却速率的增大而减少;与等温过程相比,连续冷却中的氧沉淀和热施主形成速率明显提高;碳在低至0.017℃/s冷却速率下也基本不发生沉淀析出。多晶硅片的少子寿命随冷却速率的增大而减小。基于硅中氧、碳的结构状态与扩散性质对上述沉淀动力学特征及其对多晶硅电学性能的影响进行了讨论。     

日本火电技术发展的新特色

本文介绍了日本电力工业发展概况,列举实例说明日本已从发展燃油火电转向发展核电和燃煤火电。本文着重介绍了日本火电技术的发展特色。     

ENTROPY GENERATION IN LAMINAR CONVECTION FROM AN ISOTHERMAL CYLINDER IN CROSS FLOW

Entropy generation due to laminar mixed heat convection from an isothermal heated cylinder in an air cross flow has been evaluated numerically for different values of the Reynolds number, buoyancy parameter, and cylinder diameter. Large cylinder diameters resulted in lower entropy generation. A guide is given to cylinder-diameter selection based on the value of the Reynolds number and the buoyancy parameter.