电化学脉冲腐蚀法制备窄峰发射的多孔硅微腔

用电化学脉冲腐蚀方法制备了多孔硅微腔,讨论了脉冲电化学腐蚀的参数--周期、占空比对多孔硅多层膜制备的影响,并用了以HF酸扩散为基础的多孔硅动态腐蚀机理对实验结果进行解释,认为在用电化学脉冲腐蚀法制备多孔硅微腔的过程中,不但要考虑到HF酸对硅的纵向电流腐蚀,也要考虑到HF酸对多孔硅硅柱的横向浸泡腐蚀.可通过选取合适的周期、占空比,使二者对多孔硅的作用达到适中,以制备出高质量的多孔硅多层膜和微腔.并用正交实验法优化了制备多孔硅微腔的参数,根据优化的实验参数,制备出了发光峰半峰宽为6nm的多孔硅微腔.     

电化学脉冲腐蚀法制备窄峰发射的多孔硅微腔

用电化学脉冲腐蚀方法制备了多孔硅微腔,讨论了脉冲电化学腐蚀的参数--周期、占空比对多孔硅多层膜制备的影响,并用了以HF酸扩散为基础的多孔硅动态腐蚀机理对实验结果进行解释,认为在用电化学脉冲腐蚀法制备多孔硅微腔的过程中,不但要考虑到HF酸对硅的纵向电流腐蚀,也要考虑到HF酸对多孔硅硅柱的横向浸泡腐蚀.可通过选取合适的周期、占空比,使二者对多孔硅的作用达到适中,以制备出高质量的多孔硅多层膜和微腔.并用正交实验法优化了制备多孔硅微腔的参数,根据优化的实验参数,制备出了发光峰半峰宽为6nm的多孔硅微腔.     

多孔硅秃腔微结构的AFM和SEM研究

多孔硅微腔是采用交替变化脉冲腐蚀电流密度的方法制成的多孔度周期性变化的多孔硅结构。用原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对多孔硅微腔的侧向解理的截面进行了观测，得到了不同多孔层及其界面处的图像。微腔截面的扫描电镜图像清楚地显示出第Ⅱ型多孔硅微腔的“三明治”结构，即中心发光层被夹在两个Bragg反射镜之间，这些结果表明结合分子束外延技术和电化学腐蚀方法可以很容易得到多孔硅微腔。     

多孔硅微腔微结构的AFM和SEM研究

多孔硅微腔是采用交替变化脉冲腐蚀电流密度的方法制成的多孔度周期性变化的多孔硅结构.用原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对多孔硅微腔的侧向解理的截面进行了观测,得到了不同多孔层及其界面处的图像.微腔截面的扫描电镜图像清楚地显现出第Ⅱ型多孔硅微腔的"三明治”结构,即中心发光层被夹在两个Bragg反射镜之间.这些结果表明结合分子束外延技术和电化学腐蚀方法可以很容易得到多孔硅微腔.     

调控多孔硅光致发光波长的研究

用超声声空化与脉冲电化学腐蚀相结合的物理化学综合法在不同的温度下制备多孔硅样品.所测得的样品的光致发光谱曲线表明,将腐蚀槽置于超声器中用脉冲电化学腐蚀方法制备的多孔硅样品,由于声空化所引发的特殊的物理、化学环境对其光致发光峰的波长有明显的影响.实验还表明,制备过程中的温度控制对样品的光致发光峰波长也有不可忽视的影响.     

多层多孔硅的SPM研究

多层我孔硅是采用交替变化脉冲腐蚀电流密度的方法制成的多孔度周期性变化的多孔硅结构,我们用ＡＦＭ对多层多孔硅结构的侧向解理的截面进行观测,得到了不同多孔度层及其界面处的图像。发现不同周期中相同条件下腐蚀得到的多孔硅层,其层厚随周期的不同而不同,从而限制了多孔硅发光峰半宽的缩小,对多层我孔硅的电化学同理作了初步的探讨。     

多孔硅层湿法腐蚀现象的研究

阳极氧化法制备的多孔硅层分别经 1% HF、 1% NH3 / H2 O2 和 0 .0 5 % Na OH三种溶液在室温下进行湿法腐蚀 ,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)对其变化进行了研究。腐蚀后多孔硅的表面形貌出现明显的刻蚀现象。红外吸收光谱表明 ,在用 1% NH3 / H2 O2 溶液腐蚀时 ,多孔硅层中 Si- O键和 Si- H键的强度增加 ,H- O键的强度下降 ;用 1% HF溶液和 0 .0 5 % Na OH溶液的腐蚀结果正好相反。 0 .0 5 %Na OH溶液对多孔硅层的腐蚀现象类似于强碱性溶液对单晶硅腐蚀表现出的各向异性 ,对多孔硅层厚度的腐蚀速度比 1% HF溶液的高     

通过脉冲腐蚀形成的多孔硅薄膜的径向微结构和光学特性研究

使用反射光谱、光致发光光谱和SEM研究了通过脉冲腐蚀形成的多孔硅薄膜的径向折射率、光学和物理厚度。详细分析了沿径向方向多孔硅薄膜的径向折射率(n)和光学厚度(nd)与腐蚀中心之间的关系。实验结果表明：随着远离腐蚀中心,SEM图像表明：多孔硅样品的物理厚度缓慢变小,在腐蚀边缘,在径向58μm距离里,薄膜的物理厚度从2.48μm减少到1.72μm;此外,径向折射率n增加,即多孔度变小,同时,反射光谱强度显示出干涉振荡减弱,这意味着多孔硅薄膜的均匀性和界面的平整度变坏。光致发光谱的包络线显示蓝移的趋势,显示纳米微粒的尺寸减少。多孔硅微腔被制备用来研究多孔硅膜的径向光学特性,结果证实：在腐蚀中心,多孔硅膜的均匀性比边缘好。     

多孔硅薄膜的纵向均匀性及其光学特性研究

多孔硅样品使用脉冲电化学腐蚀法经过不同的腐蚀时间制备完成,使用反射光谱、光致发光光谱和SEM对多孔硅薄膜的纵向均匀性以及其光学特性进行了研究,还详细研究了随腐蚀深度变化的折射率和光学厚度(n*d)等光学参数。实验表明：随着腐蚀深度的增加,多孔硅薄膜的平均折射率n降低,即多孔度变大;多孔硅薄膜的光学厚度的形成速度减小;同时,反射光谱表现更弱的干涉性,表明薄膜的均匀性和界面的平整性变差;另外,光致发光谱的强度微弱变强。     

多孔硅膜的半峰值宽度小于10nm的针形发光锋

通过改变电化学腐蚀生成多孔硅膜的工艺条件，了它的发光峰形态的变化，第一次从实验上观测到多孔硅膜的针形发光激光谱和发射光谱，其半峰值宽度小于１０ｎｍ，讨论了形成针形峰的可能机理。     

Enhanced photoluminescence from porous silicon microcavities by rare earth doping

The photoluminescence (PL) properties of porous silicon microcavities (PSMs) in the visible range at room temperature are improved by doping the rare earth ytterbium (Yb) into PSMs prepared by the electrochemical etching method. It is observed that PSMs doped with the rare earth have an emission band around 630 nm. Compared with the single-layer porous silicon (PS) film, the PSMs doped with Yb have narrower and stronger PL spectrum.     

一维纳米硅光子晶体的制备与优化

采用双槽电化学腐蚀法制备了纳米多孔硅,主要研究了腐蚀时间和腐蚀电流对重掺杂p型(100)硅衬底上制备的多孔硅层有效光学厚度的影响,采用U-4100光谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)技术对所制备的多孔硅光子晶体的结构和有效光学厚度进行了分析表征。研究结果表明,通过合理地选择腐蚀时间和腐蚀电流,可以比较精确地制备特定有效光学厚度的多孔硅薄膜,此方法可广泛应用于纳米多孔硅光子晶体的制备中。     

Luminescent chemically-etched porous poly-crystalline silicon on insulating substrates

Polycrystalline silicon deposited on insulating substrates has been chemically-etched to form thin films of porous material exhibiting room temperature visible photoluminescence with emission wavelengths of around 650 nm. Material of 4000 ? thickness was quickly converted to porous silicon within 15 s of etching, with an etch rate of 1–1.5 μm/h. In contrast to anodization, chemical-etching parameters have little effect on modulating the resultant peak wavelength. Peak photoluminescence intensity was achieved 8–12 s of etching in 1:3:5 parts HF:HNO₃:H₂O at room temperature with ambient lighting. The chemical etching process and its etch characteristics have been discussed in relation to its suitability for large area thin film devices.     

应用于MEMS的多孔硅的制备方法研究

采用化学腐蚀法、单槽电化学腐蚀法和双槽电化学腐蚀法来进行多孔硅的制备,通过对比这三种方法所制备多孔硅的表面形貌特征,发现双槽电化学腐蚀法与其它两种方法相比,具有孔径尺寸小(可达5~10 nm)、均匀性好、腐蚀深度大(可达几百nm)等优点,其制备的多孔硅更符合在MEMS中应用的要求。最后对双槽电化学腐蚀法中腐蚀时间及电流密度对腐蚀速率的影响进行了研究。     

多孔硅纵向孔隙率与残余应力分布的研究

利用电化学方法在p型重掺杂单晶硅(100)基体上制备了多孔硅薄膜,通过质量计算法得到多孔硅的孔隙率,并研究了多孔硅孔隙率随腐蚀深度变化的规律。利用显微拉曼光谱技术对多孔硅纵切面上的残余应力进行了测量,结果表明,多孔硅的孔隙率随腐蚀时间/深度的增加有先增加后减少的趋势;多孔硅纵向上存在拉伸残余应力,拉伸应力的分布与纵切面上孔隙率的分布成正比,先增大,再减小;到达多孔硅与基体硅的界面处时,拉伸应力减小为零,靠近硅一侧,转变为压应力;残余应力的最大值出现在临近多孔硅表面以下的区域。这主要与多孔硅制备过程中孔内HF酸浓度的降低和硅/电解液表面的电偶层有关。     

双槽电化学腐蚀法制备多孔硅的研究

论述了多孔硅的特点和制备方法,简单介绍双槽电化学腐蚀法的特点,并采用双槽电化学腐蚀法成功制备了多孔硅。多孔硅的扫描电镜(SEM)照片表明,孔径尺寸小,均匀性好,腐蚀结构规则。实验结果表明,衬底导电类型影响着多孔硅的制备条件。     

Internally Referenced Remote Sensors for HF and Cl2 Using Reactive Porous Silicon Photonic Crystals

Remote detection of reactive analytes using optical films constructed from electrochemically prepared porous Si‐based photonic crystals is demonstrated. Porous Si samples are prepared to contain either surface oxide or surface Si‐H species, and analyte detection is based on irreversible reactions with HF_(aq) or Cl_2(g) analytes, respectively. HF dissolves silicon oxide from the porous matrix, causing an irreversible blue‐shift in the resonance peak of the photonic crystal. Cl₂ reacts with the native Si‐H species present on the surface of as‐etched porous Si to generate reactive silicon halides that evaporate from the surface and/or react with air to convert to silicon oxide. Either Cl₂‐related process reduces the net refractive index of the material that is detected as a blue shift in the spectrum. With sufficient analyte concentrations or exposure times, the spectral blue shifts are visible to the unaided eye. A portion of the porous nanostructure is filled with inert polystyrene, which acts as an internal spectral reference. The polymer fiducial protects that portion of the sensor from attack by the corrosive analytes. Reflectance spectra from both the polymer‐filled and the unfilled, reactive porous layers are acquired simultaneously. The fiducial marker also allows elimination of artifacts associated with shifts of the resonance peak upon changing the angle of incidence of the optical probe. Theoretical angle‐resolved spectra (transfer matrix method) show a good match with the experimental data. High‐temperature air or room‐temperature ozone oxidation reactions are used to prepare the HF‐reactive surface, and it is found that the ozone oxidation reaction produces a greater sensitivity to HF (LLOD of 0.1% HF in water).     

Changes in properties of a 〈porous silicon〉/silicon system during gradual etching off of the porous silicon layer

Scanning electron microscopy has shown etching of a porous silicon layer in an HF solution to be irregular. The intensity of porous silicon photoluminescence significantly decreases during gradual etching off, and its peak initially shifts to shorter and then to longer wavelengths. Under red-light pulse excitation, photo-voltage measurements have shown that the boundary potential ?_s of the p-Si substrate is positive, and ?_s grows with the etching time and as the temperature decreases from 300 to 200 K. At T<230 K, the photomemory of ?_s caused by nonequilibrium electron capture by p-Si boundary traps is observed. The concentration of shallow traps and boundary electron states in p-Si increases as porous silicon is etched. At T<180 K, the system of boundary electron states is rearranged. Photovoltage measurements with white-light pulses have revealed electron capture at oxide traps of aged porous silicon.