7-羟基黄酮木糖苷及7-羟基黄酮鼠李糖苷的合成研究

以溴代乙酰糖和7-羟基黄酮为原料,使用较弱的碱（1 mol/L KCl的NaHCO3溶液）,采用相转移催化法以较高的收率合成了7-羟基黄酮木糖苷（1）和7-羟基黄酮鼠李糖苷（2）。考察了反应方式、温度、投料比对糖苷化反应收率的影响,最佳反应条件为n（7-羟基黄酮）∶n（溴代乙酰糖）=1∶1.6,丙酮溶液中40℃反应15 h,收率分别达到64%和59%。化合物（1）和（2）的结构经IR1、H-NMR、EI-MS表征。     

三(3,6-二氧杂庚基)胺催化合成黄酮糖苷的研究

以三(3,6-二氧杂庚基)胺(TDA-1)为相转移催化剂,NaHCO3/KCl体系为碱性介质,改进的Baker-Venkataraman重排反应制备的7-羟基黄酮和7-羟基-4'-氯黄酮为苷元,研究了黄酮类化合物与2,3,4,6-O-四乙酰基-α-D-溴代吡喃葡萄糖或2,3,4,6-O-四乙酰基-α-D-溴代吡喃半乳糖进行偶联反应制备糖苷的合成工艺,其结构经IR和 1HNMR 以及元素分析测试技术加以确证,总收率75%～87%.     

羟基黄酮类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

设计合成了一系列羟基黄酮类化合物,并利用熔点、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱确定了其结构。以利阿唑为阳性对照药,对4个目标化合物7-羟基黄酮、6-羟基黄酮、2′-甲氧基-6-羟基黄酮和2′-氯-6-羟基黄酮的抗HL-60活性进行了研究,实验结果表明2′-甲氧基-6-羟基黄酮,2′-氯-6-羟基黄酮均有较好活性,其中以2′-甲氧基-6-羟基黄酮的活性最显著,其半数抑制剂量为7.68μmol/L,与利阿唑活性相当。     

7-羟基黄酮的合成及抗炎活性研究

本文探索了黄酮类化合物的合成方法,通过酰基化、Fries重排、羟醛缩合和环合反应,合成了7-羟基黄酮,获得了满意的收率(89%).结果表明,该方法具有反应时间短、操作简便、收率好等优点.二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀实验表明,7-羟基黄酮具有明显的抗炎活性.     

3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醛-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的合成

为了优化和改进糖苷化反应的合成工艺,以D-葡萄糖为原料,经乙酰化、溴代反应合成了糖供体2,3,4,6-四乙酰-α-D溴代糖(Ⅲ),用AlCl3作催化剂,2,3,4-三甲氧基苯甲醛选择性脱去甲氧基生成了2-羟基-3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醛(Ⅳ),Ⅳ与Ⅲ经糖苷化和水解反应,分别合成了3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醛2-O-β-D-乙酰基葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)和3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醛-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)。结果表明：在合成氧糖苷(Ⅴ)的过程中,采用无水K2CO3为缚酸剂,四丁基溴化铵（TBAB）为相转移催化剂,反应收率可达78.9%;Ⅵ水解的最佳体系是以甲醇为溶剂、无水K2CO3为催化剂。所合成的化合物经氢谱、碳谱、红外、质谱等光谱学验证。     

(2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲酰基)苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷的合成

为了优化和改进糖苷化反应的合成工艺,首先以β-D-葡萄糖为原料,经乙酰化、溴代反应合成了糖供体2,3,4,6-O-四乙酰基-α-D-溴代葡萄糖(Ⅲ);再与2-羟基-3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醛(Ⅳ)经糖苷化反应合成了2,3,4,6-O-四乙酰基-(2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲酰基)苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ);最后对化合物Ⅴ进行水解得到了目标化合物(2,3-二甲氧基-6-甲酰基)苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)。结果表明:在合成氧糖苷(Ⅴ)的过程中,采用无水K_2CO_3为缚酸剂,四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)为相转移催化剂,反应收率可达78.9%;化合物Ⅴ水解的最优条件是以甲醇为溶剂、无水K_2CO_3为催化剂。所得到产物经核磁、红外、质谱表征,证明为目标化合物。     

一类黄酮糖苷类化合物的合成及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

以芦丁为原料合成了5个黄酮糖苷类化合物,并经ESI-MS、1HNMR及13CNMR确证其结构。以阿卡波糖为阳性对照药测试了所合成的目标产物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,发现该类化合物中3位和5位羟基上取代烷基的链长对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性有一定影响,其中前4个化合物在检测浓度为1×10-4mol/L时的抑制率分别为(29.00±2.58)%、(33.53±4.92)%、(36.51±5.32)%、(37.34±3.54)%,而当3,5,3',4'位羟基全部烷基化后,所得另一个衍生物的活性消失。这将为该类化合物在降糖活性方面的深入研究提供参考。     

白杨素糖苷类衍生物的合成及其结构表征

以白杨素为前体,针对白杨素的溶解性进行改进,在白杨素7位羟基处引入糖单元,合成12种白杨素糖苷类衍生物,步骤简单,条件温和,收率较好。利用1HNMR、13CNMR和MS等方法确定了所合成化合物的结构。     

对氨基苯氧糖苷类化合物的合成研究

以D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖、无水乳糖、D-木糖为原料,分别采用全乙酰糖三氟化硼乙醚催化法、溴代乙酰糖相转移催化法和溴代乙酰糖离子液体催化法3条路线合成了四种对硝基苯氧糖苷化合物,再经还原分别制备了对氨基苯氧糖苷。探索了离子液体替代相转移催化剂对糖苷化反应的催化作用。结果表明,离子液体能够较好地催化溴代乙酰糖与对硝基苯酚的糖苷化反应,反应时间由12h缩短为3h,产物收率分别达到41.5%、68.4%、45.2%和43.5%。     

鹰嘴豆芽素A7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷的合成与抗缺氧活性研究

以乙酰溴代木糖和鹰嘴豆芽素A为原料,采用相转移催化法在鹰嘴豆芽素A 7位羟基处引入糖苷,合成得到了鹰嘴豆芽素A 7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷,方法简单,条件温和,收率较高。产物结构通过1H NMR、IR和ESI-MS分析确认。通过小鼠常压密闭耐缺氧实验和化学物质中毒实验对其抗缺氧活性进行评价,结果表明:鹰嘴豆芽素A 7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷表现出了较高的抗缺氧活性。     

Anti-Kasha Behavior of 3-Hydroxyflavone and Its Derivatives

Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) in 3-hydroxyflavone (3HF) has been known for its dependence on excitation wavelength. Such a behavior violates Kasha’s rule, which states that the emission and photochemistry of a compound would only take place from its lowest excited state. The photochemistry of 3HF was studied using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy at a shorter wavelength excitation (266 nm), and these new experimental findings were interpreted with the aid of computational studies. These new results were compared with those from previous studies that were obtained with a longer wavelength excitation and show that there exists a pathway of proton transfer that bypasses the normal first excited state from the higher excited state to the tautomer from first excited state. The experimental data correlate with the electron density difference calculations such that the proton transfer process is faster on the longer excitation wavelength than compared to the shorter excitation wavelength.     

Spectroscopic study of solvent effects on the electronic absorption spectra of flavone and 7-hydroxyflavone in neat and binary solvent mixtures

The solvatochromic characteristics of flavone and 7-hydroxyflavone were investigated in neat and binary solvent mixtures. The spectral shifts of these solutes were correlated with the Kamlet and Taft parameters (α, β and π*) using linear solvation energy relationships. The multiparametric analysis indicates that both specific hydrogen bond donor ability and non-specific dipolar interactions of the solvents play an important role in absorption maxima of flavone in pure solvents. The hydrogen bond acceptor ability of the solvent was the main parameter affecting the absorption maxima of 7-hydroxyflavone. The simulated absorption spectra using a TD-DFT method were in good agreement with the experimental ones for both flavones. Index of preferential solvation was calculated as a function of solvent composition. Preferential solvation by ethanol was detected in cyclohexane-ethanol and acetonitrile-ethanol mixtures for flavone and in acetonitrile-ethanol mixtures for 7-hydroxyflavone. These results indicate that intermolecular hydrogen bonds between solute and solvent are responsible for the non-linear variation of the solvatochromic shifts on the mole fraction of ethanol in the analyzed binary mixtures.     

相转移催化氧化体系在燃料油脱硫中的应用

介绍了以过氧化氢为氧化荆的相转移催化氧化脱硫研究现状.对过氧化氢/有机酸/季铵盐体系、过氧化氢/杂多酸/季铵盐体系和过氧化氢/合成相转移催化剂体系在脱除燃料油中噻吩、苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩等方面的应用作了综述.指出了过氧化氢/合成相转移催化剂体系是燃料油深度脱硫的一个重要研究方向.     

Interaction of acridine-calix[4]arene with DNA at the electrified liquid|liquid interface

The behaviour of an acridine-functionalised calix[4]arene at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) is reported. Molecular modelling showed that the acridine-calix[4]arene has regions of significant net positive charge spread throughout the protonated acridine moieties, consistent with it being able to function as an anion ionophore. The presence of this compound in the organic phase facilitated the transfer of aqueous phase electrolyte ions. Upon addition of double stranded DNA to the aqueous phase, the transfer of electrolyte anions was diminished, due to DNA binding to the acridine moiety at the ITIES. The behaviour provides a basis for DNA hybridization detection using electrochemistry at the ITIES.     

液液传质界面扰动现象的全息实时记录

本文介绍了实时记录液液传质界面扰动现象全息图的方法，两相界面更新进发的周期及影响全息图实时记录质量的因素，为深入研究液液传质界面扰动现象的规律及机理开辟了一条新的途径。     

Computational Simulation of Mass Transfer in Molecular Separation Using Microporous Polymeric Membranes

Computational simulation was conducted to predict mass‐transfer phenomenon in the molecular separation of solute using microporous membrane contactors. Both diffusional and convectional mass‐transfer mechanisms were considered. The membrane system was a hollow‐fiber contactor in which an aqueous phase containing an organic compound was contacted with an organic phase for extractive separation of the solute. Benzoic acid was used as the solute. The main focus was on understanding the mass transfer of solute in the process. The concentration equation for the solute was solved numerically using a computational fluid dynamics approach. It was found that the model can predict the solute transport from the aqueous phase to the organic phase and can be used as a predictive model for process understanding.     

A Simple Approach to Measuring the Gas Phase Heat and Mass Transfer Coefficients in a Bubble Column

A simple experimental approach was developed to measure the gas phase volumetric heat and mass transfer coefficients in a bubble column and a slurry bubble column employing a single gas nozzle. The experimental technique was based on a transfer model that simulates humidification and direct contact evaporation models in the case of a gas bubble rising in a liquid of uniform temperature. The temperature and relative humidity of the inlet and outlet gas in the column are the only measurements required in this technique. Experiments were carried out in a 0.15 m inner diameter column using water as the liquid phase, air as the gas phase, and cation resins of 0.1 mm diameter and a specific gravity of 1.2, as the solid phase. The results showed that, when using solid concentrations in the range of 7–10 wt %, both the volumetric gas‐phase heat and mass transfer coefficients increased with an increase in the gas superficial velocity and were further enhanced by increasing the solid load after a certain minimum superficial velocity had been reached in the column (0.044 m/s in the system used). Increasing the solid load beyond 10 wt %, did not contribute to a further increase in these coefficients. Furthermore, the gas holdup in the column increased with the superficial gas velocity and was further enhanced when the solid‐phase load was in the range of 7–10 wt %. These observations agree well with previously reported findings by other investigators.     

Analysis of Extraction of Cu(II) by Strip Dispersion Hybrid Liquid Membrane (SDHLM) using PMBP as Carrier

A liquid membrane system, denoted a strip dispersion hybrid liquid membrane (SDHLM) containing 1‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐4‐benzoyl‐pyrazolone –5 as carrier in xylene, was reported for the transport and separation of Cu(II) from Zn (II) ions. The effects of various factors on the transport of copper(II) ions through SDHLM were systematically investigated by orthogonal tests. The optimum transport conditions of copper ions were summarized. In the overall mass transfer process the mass transfer resistance due to the aqueous boundary layer diffusion and diffusion in the microporous membrane is dominant. The accumulation of the Cu(II)‐carrier coordination compound in the membrane shows that the transfer in SDHLM possesses the characteristic of nonequlibrium mass transfer in this study. The rheologic experiments verified that the organic phase in the SDHLM system was the non‐Newtonian fluid and the organic phase after transport of 6 hr was a system of thixotropy in our experimental conditions. The lag ring experiments proved that the thixotropy of the organic phase in the SDHLM system was relevant to the composition of the membrane. In the experimental comparison of two types of liquid membrane, SDHLM has superiority over SLM in respect of transport flux, permeability coefficient, recovery percentage or concentration of solute in the stripping solution, efficiency of uphill transport, loss of membrane solution, and the separation efficiency of the membrane.     

6-氯苯并二氢吡喃-4-酮的合成研究

以对氯苯酚和3-氯丙酸为起始原料,在相转移催化剂三乙基苄基氯化铵催化下,合成对氯苯氧丙酸(1),然后用浓硫酸环化合成6-氯苯并二氢吡喃-4-酮(2)。考察了催化剂的用量、原料配比和反应时间对1收率的影响,适宜条件为:n(三乙基苄基氯化胺):n(对氯苯酚):n(3-氯丙酸):n(氢氧化钠)=0.023:1:1.3:1.3,反应时间为3h,收率为30.9%。此合成方法操作简便、安全、反应时间短且成本低。