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研究了不同浓度的ZnSO4以及一定浓度的ZnSO4配合不同浓度的赤霉素GA3对麦芽富锌量的影响。结果表明,在浸麦度达到4 1 8%时用15 0mg/L的ZnSO4处理效果最好,麦芽有机锌含量是对照的2 0 3倍;当ZnSO4浓度为10 0mg/L ,赤霉素浓度为0 10mg/L时,对富锌作用促进最大,是对照的2 35倍。文中还对麦芽的富锌速度和有机锌在麦芽中的分布进行了研究。结果表明,发芽36h麦芽转化的有机锌量最多,达到36 0 0μg/ (g·d) ;蛋白质和多糖中有机锌的比例分别占总锌的6 6 %和2 3%。实验为富锌麦芽的生产提供了一定的理论基础 相似文献
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麦芽中超前絮凝因子多糖的提取与性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
啤酒发酵中的超前絮凝现象(PYF,premature yeast flocculation)主要由麦芽中的多糖引起.本文将麦芽汁进行醇沉、Sevag去蛋白、超滤、DEAE-Sephadex A-25及Sephadex G-100柱层析等一系列分离,提取得到一种分子量在10000Da以上的多糖物质PYF H,酵母超前絮凝活力测定及聚集沉淀后的酵母形态均能证实该多糖能显著促进酵母絮凝.对其性质进行研究发现,该多糖为糖蛋白,糖含量和蛋白质含量分别为58.3%、3.8%.这种多糖物质的发现为进一步研究啤酒发酵中的PYF现象奠定了基础. 相似文献
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富锌嫩麦芽培植最佳锌浓度的筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:利用生物转化技术,培植富锌嫩麦芽。方法:采用不同的富锌浓度进行梯度培植,利用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定嫩麦芽的锌含量,根据嫩麦苗中心的含量和收率,来判断和评价富锌效果。结果:在锌浓度为400mg/L时,嫩麦芽长势最好,收率88%,锌含量144.7mg/kg;锌浓度小于400mg/L收率和锌含量均降低;大于600mg/L时,锌含量升高但是收率降低。结论:根据嫩麦芽的收率和锌含量综合评价,在锌浓度为400mg/L时,可有效的促进嫩麦芽的生长,其收率最高,锌含量较高,总体评价富锌效果最好,利用锌溶液培植富锌嫩麦芽,条件可控简便易行,生产周期短,易于试现规模化生产,是生产富锌嫩麦芽的最佳方法。 相似文献
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研究了麦芽协同复合蛋白酶水解玉米蛋白粉的条件,并分析了水解物的抗氧化活性。结果表明:最佳条件为先用麦芽水解,在底物质量浓度150 g/L、麦芽添加量15 g/100g、pH 5.5、温度50℃条件下水解3 h;然后用复合蛋白酶水解,在加酶量1.3 g/100 g、pH 8.0、温度60℃条件下水解2.5 h。在此条件下,蛋白质回收率为50.18%±0.24%,相比于不加麦芽,蛋白质回收率提高了11.16%。水解物蛋白质量浓度为1 mg/mL时,亚铁离子螯合率、DPPH·清除率、·OH清除率和·O-2清除率分别为83.90%±0.38%、51.19%±1.07%、79.30%±0.63%和35.68%±0.51%,相比于不加麦芽,亚铁离子螯合率降低0.85%,DPPH·清除率、·OH清除率和·O-2清除率分别提高了8.13%、24.41%和64.73%。 相似文献
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对麦芽根的营养成分、活性成分、消化率等指标进行测定与分析,并与麦麸的营养成分进行对比,结果表明:麦芽根中蛋白质(34.3%)、膳食纤维(39.4%)含量高于麦麸,必需氨基酸含量(8.37 g/100 g)为麦麸(4.03 g/100 g)的2倍,赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸含量相对较高,粗蛋白消化率为80.04%,高于麦麸(74.08%)。麦芽根中维生素B2、B6、叶酸、B12、维生素C含量高于麦麸,分别为0.6 mg/100 g、0.46 mg/100 g、0.17 mg/100 g、0.11 μg/100 g、4.35 mg/100 g,并含有维生素E(3.14 mg/100 g)。钠、钾、钙、锌、铜、磷、铁、镁含量丰富,并具有较高含量的总多酚(1.09%)及少量多糖。同时,从饲料、食品、化妆品三个领域分析其法规现状、应用现状及前景,为麦芽根副产物的高值化利用提供依据。 相似文献
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以SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和毛细管电泳研究了大豆分离蛋白-麦芽糊精的Maillard反应形成的共聚物。电泳分析表明:7S亚基与麦芽糊精的反应性较高,而且在文中所研究的蛋白质与多糖质量比的范围内,7S亚基都能与麦芽糊精发生定量的共聚合反应,形成分子特性高度一致的共聚物;而11S亚基与麦芽糊精间的反应性较低,共聚物的分子特性受蛋白质与多糖质量比的影响。共聚物在pH7.0和pH4.5时的乳化性能优于酪朊酸钠,尤其是在pH4.5时具有优良的乳化稳定性。但在较高NaCl浓度时的乳化活性与大豆分离蛋白相比没有明显的改善,其乳化稳定性则明显优于酪朊酸钠。 相似文献
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对江苏单二啤酒大麦麦芽麦汁中混浊物质成分进行了研究,结果表明多糖是麦汁混浊的主要成分,含量为82.57%,其次为蛋白质和多酚。采用离子交换色谱技术对混浊物质中的糖类进行了研究,结果表明糖类物质的单糖组成以葡萄糖为主,其次为半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖。采用SDS-PAGE电泳结合基质辅助激光解析飞行时间串联质谱(MALDI-TOF/TOF)对麦汁混浊物质中蛋白质组分进行了鉴定,结果表明蛋白质分子量主要分布于25~45ku及小于18.4ku的两个部分,且主要来自于麦芽水溶蛋白及醇溶蛋白,质谱分析表明混浊蛋白主要为AMY2/BASI复合体A链,此外还有少量的Z4蛋白、大麦醇溶蛋白γ3、油体钙蛋白2及BTI-CMe2.1。本研究结果对于改良江苏啤酒大麦及其麦芽品质具有指导借鉴意义。 相似文献
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National and local surveys of barley malt and barley malt-containing beverages for volatile N-nitrosamines were conducted by the Food & Drug Administration. Sixty-four samples of locally purchased beers had an average N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) content of 3 ppb. Eleven of 44 Scotch whiskeys had nondetectable NDMA levels. A national sampling of domestic and imported malts revealed that 84% had NDMA concentrations of less than 10 ppb. Domestic and imported beers were also surveyed in a compliance program; 260 beer samples (180 domestic, 80 import) were analyzed. The domestic beers averaged less than 1 ppb and the imported beers averaged 1 ppb. These data indicate that the levels of NDMA in beer have been reduced significantly. 相似文献
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为了研究小麦芽蛋白质溶解度与蛋白质组分及麦芽指标间的相关性,通过控制不同的浸麦度和发芽时间,制备了蛋白质溶解度分别为31.4%、33.1%、37.0%、37.6%、39.5%、40.9%、45.5%和54.2%的8种小麦芽,分析了小麦芽蛋白质组分、降解酶及麦芽基本指标.结果表明:随着小麦芽库值的增加,水溶性蛋白质含量成线性增加,醇溶性和碱溶性蛋白质呈现直线下降.小麦芽内肽酶活力与水溶性蛋白质含量、水分及浸出物呈现显著正相关(r分别为0.732、0.792和0.727),与醇溶性蛋白质含量呈现显著负相关(r=-0.734).因此小麦芽内肽酶活力的提高将有助于小麦芽浸出物的增加.小麦芽库值与水分、色度、浸出物、FAN、酸度均存在极显著正相关性(r=0.885、r=0.971、r=0.880、r=0.915和r=0.964);与浊度存在显著正相关(r=0.714);与有效酸度存在极显著负相关(r=-0.921).所以提高蛋白质溶解度小麦芽浸出物、浊度、FAN、酸度、色度等指标都会提高.比较8种小麦芽指标,蛋白质溶解度为39.5%时小麦芽指标较好.此时,浸出物为82.0%,FAN 166 mg/100 mg,糖化力为496 WK,黏度为1.61 cP,糖化时间为6 min. 相似文献
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麦芽作为啤酒酿造的主要原料,对啤酒的生产、成本和产品质量起到比较重要的作用.本文从麦芽可能对啤酒产生的各项影响出发,论述了啤酒工厂在选择外购麦芽和制定外购麦芽质量标准时需要掌握的原则和建立外购麦芽评价体系要遵循的程序,并在此基础上,完善从大麦到啤酒的全面的质量管理工作. 相似文献
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Reginald C. Agu Thomas A. Bringhurst James M. Brosnan Stephen Pearson 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2009,115(2):128-133
Hull‐less (or husk‐less) barley is possibly one of the most important developments in barley in recent years. This study looked at the potential of hull‐less barley for use by the Scotch whisky industry. By modifying the malting conditions for hull‐less barley, it was possible to provide good alcohol yield as well as significant improvements in processing characteristics. The biochemistry controlling the germination of hull‐less barley was consistent with established knowledge about ‘normal’ hulled barley except that care is needed to ensure the consistency of feedstock, particularly since hull‐less barley may be prone to embryo damage during harvesting in the field. Our results indicated that the new batches of hull‐less barley studied, produced malt that gave much improved mash filtration rates in comparison with previous batches of material. These experiments demonstrated that by changing the malting conditions, to give a much shorter steeping cycle (8 h), it is possible to reduce water usage substantially in the malting industry, since only one ‘wet’ cycle was used, and also reduce germination times since optimum alcohol yield was achieved on day 4 germination rather than day 5 for conventional husked barley. This could save costs in terms of water, energy and time for the malting industry. The study also confirmed the potential of hull‐less barley for providing significant benefits for Scotch whisky distillers, both in terms of higher alcohol yields, and increased throughput, by showing that it is possible to overcome some of the filtration issues that have been previously associated with hull‐less barley. This study indicated that the new material was better suited than previous batches to both malt and grain distilling, both in terms of enzyme development and potential distillery performance, and further showed that viscosity problems associated with grain distillery co‐products can be significantly reduced when using hull‐less barley malt in the grain distillery. These would be substantial potential benefits for the Scotch whisky distilling industry. 相似文献
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Makoto Kanauchi Jérôme Milet Charles W. Bamforth 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2009,115(3):232-237
Barley kernels contain a single oxalate oxidase located in the embryo and aleurone. It is already present in substantial quantities in unmalted grain and increases in activity during germination. It displays a very broad pH optimum: the optimum was at pH 4.0, but the enzyme still displayed more than 50% of its activity at pH 7. Oxalate oxidase is highly resistant to heat. However, its low affinity for oxygen suggests that it probably does not play a major role in the consumption of oxygen in mashing. The decrease in oxalic acid levels late in germination may be a result of oxalate oxidase action. Oxalic acid was not detected in raw barley. 相似文献