单晶钛酸铋纳米片的XPS和Raman特性

以Bi（NO3）3·5H2O和Ti（OC4H9）4为原料，NaOH为矿化剂，采用水热法制备了形貌规则的单晶Bi4Ti3O12纳米片。X射线衍射（XRD）结果表明，所合成的产物为正交相层状钙钛矿结构的Bi4Ti3O12。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）研究显示：样品是由大量边缘尺寸接近200nm，厚度约为15nm的片状结构组成。利用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究产物的化学组分和价态分布。室温拉曼光谱研究表明，Bi4Ti3O12纳米片的声子寿命和热稳定性低于相应的块体材料。     

ZnSe微球在不同水热条件下的制备与表征(英文)

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和Na2SeO3作为原料,通过水热法制备ZnSe纳米晶。探讨了水热反应温度、反应时间、NaOH浓度和N2H4·H2O的添加量对最终产物的相组成、显微形貌和颗粒尺寸的影响,并借助XRD、SEM、TEM、PL等测试手段对产物的相组成、显微形貌和颗粒尺寸进行表征。添加20 mL 1 mol/L NaOH溶液和10 mL N2H4·H2O溶液,在180°C的温度下水热反应4 h制备的产物主要是立方闪锌矿结构的ZnSe微球,所得的ZnSe微球从内到外是由平均尺寸约20 nm的ZnSe纳米晶组成。结果表明:较低的水热温度和较短的反应时间都不利于得到结晶好的纯相ZnSe,产物结晶性不好,而且还会产生杂相和有较多缺陷。添加适量浓度的NaOH和水合肼才能确保得到形貌均匀、发光性能好的ZnSe微球。     

以五氧化二钒、碳气凝胶为原料制备VO_x纳米薄片的结构表征和电化学性能研究（英文）

以五氧化二钒粉末和碳气凝胶为原材料,结合溶胶凝胶法与水热法制备出具有纳米薄片结构的锂电池正极材料VOx。碳气凝胶通过超临界干燥和二次碳化法制得。由拉曼光谱和X射线衍射图谱表征得知,VOx纳米薄片主要由V3O7·H2O构成,这种物质可以理解为由V2O5和VO_2部分组成。从扫描电子显微镜的结果可以看出,均匀的V3O7·H2O材料由长度超过20μm、宽度近2μm的纳米薄片构成。进一步对这种材料进行了循环伏安测试和100次的恒流充放电测试。这一系列的电化学测试证明了这种材料具有很好的充放电循环稳定性,并且在高达12.8A·g-1的电流密度下仍然具有出色的倍率性能。     

ZnO纳米片状晶体的生长及其表征

采用高温碳热还原反应工艺．以氧化锌和碳粉为主要原料，在N2／H2O气氛中制备成功ZnO纳米片状晶体.所制薄片直径在100nm．厚度约50nm.采用场发射扫描电子显做镜（FESEM）、高分辨透射电子显做镜（HETEM）、X射线衍射分析仪（XRD）、拉曼（RAMAN）光谱等测试手段对产物进行表征。结果表明产物为ZnO，呈单一六角晶系纤锌矿结构，在相同的反应时间内，提高反应温度可使纳米片生长为六角塔状晶体，证填ZnO纳米片是六角平板状结构。     

水蒸气对Ni—20Cr合金合肥市其油射微晶涂层1000℃氧化行为的影响

研究了Ni-20Cr合金及其溅射微晶涂层在1000℃下H2O/O2中的氧化行为,结果表明：该合金在水蒸气中的氧化增重随着水蒸气的增加而减小,而且水蒸气的含量影响氧化膜的组成,对于溅射微晶涂层,水蒸气的含量只影响氧化增重,通过金相、X射线衍射、SEM（带有EDX）观察分析了氧化产物,提出了水蒸气的作用机制。     

凝胶-溶胶协同碳热还原法合成二硼化锆粉体及生长机制探究

以正丙醇锆(C12H28O4Zr)为锆源,硼酸(H3BO3)为硼源,山梨醇(GH14O6)为碳源,乙酸(C2H4O2)为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶协同碳热还原法制备了高纯超细硼化锆(ZrB2)粉体.分别研究了碳含量和硼含量对产物的物相和形貌的影响.通过X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜以及自带的X射线能谱仪对硼化锆...     

热浸锌铝合金镀层表面纳米晶腐蚀产物共沉积机理

采用XRD和TEM对热浸锌铝合金镀层在动态充气海水全浸试验时所形成的白色腐蚀产物进行了研究,结果表明：腐蚀产物主要由典型的纳米级Zn4CO3(OH)6.H2O,Zn5(OH)8Cl2和Zn6Al2CO3(OH)16.4H2O微晶组成,而这种纳米晶的形成与由吸附引起的Zn^2 和Al^3 离子的共沉积有关,镀层表面腐蚀后首先生成Al(OH)3凝胶,当凝胶吸附的锌离子超过异相核的临界过饱和度时,发生锌、铝氢氧化物的共沉淀,生成双氢氧化物,由于晶体长大速度较慢不能与沉淀形核同步进行,导致镀层表面形成了微晶状态的腐蚀产物。     

银纳米颗粒的晶格畸变研究

采用水热还原法,以硝酸银(AgNO3)为前驱物,十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)为表面修饰剂,水合肼(N2H4·H2O)为还原剂,制备出了银纳米颗粒.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和选区电子衍射(SAED)对样品的晶体结构、形貌、粒径及其分布特性进行了表征,并研究了晶格畸变.结果表明:样品的晶体结构为面心立...     

L-胱氨酸辅助合成Bi_2S_3纳米片状球和花状结构(英文)

以硝酸铋[Bi(NO)3·5H2O]和L-胱氨酸为反应原料,采用溶剂热法制备出Bi2S3纳米片状球和花状结构。L-胱氨酸(一种非常普遍和实用的氨基酸)作为硫源,在实验过程中不释放出刺激性气味(H2S)。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所合成的产物的晶型结构、组成和表面形貌等进行了表征。结果表明:所合成的产物为典型的Bi2S3正交结构;在170°C条件下反应12h,以DMF为溶剂能够得到Bi2S3纳米片状球和花状结构。根据实验结果,对所合成Bi2S3的可能形成机理进行了简单探讨。     

油酸修饰硼酸钙纳米片的合成及表征

以硼砂和氯化钙为原料,通过原位法制备油酸表面修饰的硼酸钙纳米片。采用SEM,XRD,FT-IR,TG-DTA等表征手段对产物的物相和微观结构进行分析,讨论油酸添加量对硼酸钙在润滑油中的分散性的影响。结果表明:制备的纯硼酸钙组成为CaO·2B2O3·3H2O,油酸修饰后得到硼酸钙纳米片,纳米片的直径为100～300nm。添加油酸在一定程度上改善了硼酸钙的晶型,同时提高了硼酸钙在润滑油中的分散性,且油酸添加量为0.4%时,其分散性最好。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.