基于改进谐波小波包分解的滚动轴承复合故障特征分离方法

为解决滚动轴承单通道振动信号中复合故障特征难以分离的问题,提出了基于改进谐波小波包分解的轴承复合故障特征分离方法。首先,改进了二进谐波小波包分解方法,提出了连续谐波小波包分解方法,克服了信号分解后子带个数和带宽范围受二进制划分的缺陷;然后,采用谐波窗分解提取信号中频率成分集中的频段,根据轴承各单点故障特征频率确定分解层数,进行连续谐波小波包分解,利用能量算子包络解调得到子带信号中各个单点故障的权重因子;最后,重构轴承各单点故障信号,实现复合故障的特征分离和提取。对仿真信号和实测轴承内、外圈复合故障信号分析的结果表明,该方法能将轴承单通道复合故障信号分解到不同的通道中,实现了复合故障特征的分离,具有一定的工程实用价值。     

基于EMD与自相关的能量算子解调机械故障诊断

针对在强噪声背景下早期轴承故障振动信号的非线性,非平稳性以及信号出现的复杂调制现象,提出一种基于EMD与自相关函数相结合的能量算子解调故障诊断方法。该方法首先根据信号的小波包熵值对信号小波包降噪,而后降噪信号进行EMD分解,提取相关度最大的IMF分量进行自相关函数分析的方法进一步抑制噪声对提取特征频率的干扰,然后对降噪处理过的信号进行能量算子解调,从而实现提取轴承的故障信号的幅值和频率信息。对机械故障振动信号进行实验分析表明,相对于单纯的小波包分析预处理存在的降噪效果不理想以及普通Hilbert解调法的运算精度满足不了诊断需求的情况,该方法能够有效解调出故障频率信息,以实现对故障类别的推断。     

基于虚拟仪器的滚动轴承故障诊断系统的设计

根据滚动轴承信号的特点,提出了一种基于小波包分解和共振解调技术相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,并开发了基于虚拟仪器的故障诊断系统.首先采用小波包将信号进行分解,再利用共振解调技术分析小波包的高频段,以诊断轴承故障.然后运用LabVIEW图形化编程语言设计了相应的滚动轴承故障诊断程序,最后在ADBE-56-N4型交流电机上实测了6305型滚动轴承故障模拟信号,分析结果表明,该方法有效地提取了故障特征和诊断轴承故障,有很好的实用性和有效性.     

基于小波变换的滚动轴承内圈故障诊断

利用小波变换将滚动轴承故障振动加速度信号分解到不同尺度,对包含有故障特征频率的小波系数进行Hirbert变换解调,最后对解调后的信号进行频谱分析获取轴承故障特征信息.实例分析表明,利用小波变换进行滚动轴承内圈故障诊断具有良好的诊断效果.     

小波包和小波脊线相结合的解调方法在液压泵故障诊断中的应用

针对轴向柱塞泵故障振动信号呈现出的非平稳和非线性特点,提出了一种基于小波包能量法与小波脊线法相结合的信号解调方法,将其用于液压泵故障诊断中的信号解调过程。该方法首先对原始振动信号进行功率谱分析,明确故障振动信号反映出的能量集中频带带宽;根据确定的带宽和原始信号分析频率设定小波包分解的层数,采用小波包能量法提取出分解系数对应频带能量最大的特征信息进行信号重构;利用小波脊线法对重构后的频带信号进行解调处理,通过信号的包络解调谱提取故障的特征频率,利用解调后的时频谱对液压泵单柱塞滑靴磨损、斜盘磨损以及中心弹簧故障进行分析。通过实验结果验证,该方法能有效地对液压泵的故障信号进行解调,并能找出反映故障的敏感特征频率。     

小波包和峭度在轴承早期故障分析中的应用

为实现轴承故障的精确诊断,提出一种基于小波包与峭度准则的包络解调方法。当信噪比较小时,该方法可以剔除含噪信号,与现阶段经常使用的细节系数能量方法相比,可更为有效地提取轴承的故障信息。该方法首先利用小波包将振动信号分解,突出小波包降噪效果的明显性;然后以峭度准则提取降噪后信号所需的细节系数并对其重构;最终进行包络谱分析,准确地检测出轴承故障,提高轴承故障诊断的精确度。     

小波包分析在轴承早期故障诊断中的应用

为了识别轴承早期损伤引起的故障信号,利用小波包对轴承的振动信号进行处理。小波包分析的实质是对小波分解的结果作进一步细分,因而具有比小波分解高得多的频域分辨能力。文中用小波包分析了两个存在早期轻微损伤的轴承的振动信号,并比较了自然序、Gray序以及移频算法的处理结果。这些分析结果表明,小波包分析能够有效地将隐藏在正常振动信号之中的早期弱故障信号提取出来,从而发现轴承的早期损伤。     

基于能量熵和EEMD结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

采用了一种基于小波包能量熵结合集合经验模态分解(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition,EEMD)方式完成对高速列车轴箱轴承仿真振动信号和实测振动信号的故障诊断.在完成仿真轴承应力状态分布分析和仿真振动信号故障提取方式检验以及实测振动信号时域参数分析和对轴承故障初步诊断的基础上,对振动信号进行三层小波包分解以及降噪处理;将处理后的剩余信号进行重构,再对重构后的8个小波包频段进行能量熵和能量百分比的计算,找出所含剩余信息量较大的频段,进行EEMD方式分解;对分解后的IMF1分量进行频谱和包络谱转换,从而准确提取出轴箱轴承故障特征信号,完成轴承早期微弱故障特征提取.     

基于小波包和Hilbert包络分析的隧道掘进机主轴承故障诊断方法研究

隧道掘进机施工中,主轴承故障对掘进施工影响严重。该文提取主轴承振动信号,采用小波包和Hilbert包络分析相结合的方法,对信号进行分析,获得轴承故障信息。利用小波包变换滤波方法提取轴承高频固有共振频带信号,对所提取的信号进行重构,滤除其中的干扰成分;对重构信号进行Hilbert包络谱解调,去除高频固有共振成分,获得轴承故障信息。通过对振动传感器采集的轴承径向振动信号分析,有效地获得了轴承故障特征,验证了理论方法的正确性。     

基于小波包变换的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对故障轴承振动信号能量集中与调制的特点,提出了一种基于小波包能量法与Hilbert变换的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。使用小波包变换对振动信号进行分解、重构及能量计算,并应用Hilbert变换对能量集中频段的重构信号进行解调和频谱分析,提取故障特征频率。同时针对诊断过程中故障特征参数依靠人工计算的问题,提出故障特征参数自动提取方法。实际的滚动轴承实验数据的处理和分析结果表明,该诊断方法能够准确、快速地识别滚动轴承表面损伤的故障模式。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...