利用序关系求差别矩阵的核的高效算法

目前设计基于差别矩阵的求核算法的主要方法是差别矩阵方法.在该种方法中,是通过搜索差别矩阵的所有差别元素得到核.由于是在所有的差别元素上搜索,故该方法比较耗时.本文在简化决策表和简化差别矩阵的基础上,将具有核属性的差别元素集归纳在某一相对较小的集合上,故新算法只需搜索和检查简化差别矩阵的少量差别元素就可以得到核算属性集.设计了一个高效求核算法,其时间复杂度为max{O(|C|2|U/C|),O(|C||U|)},其空间复杂度为O(|U|).由于新算法只判断简化差别矩阵的少量差别元素就可以找到核算属性集,故新算法的效率得到了有效地改善.     

一种不完备决策表的差别矩阵求核算法

计算不完备决策表的核属性是粗糙集理论的重要内容之一。目前关于不完备决策表的求核算法的研究相对较少,而且在一般的求核算法中,其时间复杂度为[O(|C||U|2)]。为了有效地降低算法的时间复杂度,给出了一个不完备决策表的差别矩阵定义和基于差别矩阵的核定义,并证明了该定义与基于不完备决策表的核定义是等价的。在此基础上,利用差别矩阵方法来设计一种计算不完备决策表的求核算法,其时间复杂度降为[O(|C||Upos||U|)]。最后用仿真实例说明了新算法的有效性。     

用序关系求信息熵核的高效算法

目前设计基于信息熵的求核算法的主要方法是差别矩阵方法.在该种方法中,是通过搜索差别矩阵的所有差别元素得到核.由于是在所有的差别元素上搜索,故该方法比较耗时.为此,在简化决策表和简化差别矩阵的基础上,得到了核的一个新性质:当把简化决策表的对象按其条件属性值看成一个数时,其对象有序.利用这个序,只需判断简化差别矩阵的少量差别元素就可以找到核属性集.在此基础上,设计了一个高效求核算法,其时间复杂度max{O(|C|2 |U/Cl),O(|C ||U|)},其空间复杂度为O(|U|).由于新算法只判断简化差别矩阵的少量差别元素就可以找到核算属性集,故新算法的效率得到了有效地改善.     

一种快速计算HU差别矩阵的属性约简算法

在已有的基于HU差别矩阵的属性约简算法中,一般是以差别矩阵中的元素作为启发信息而设计的,其时间复杂度为O(|C|2|U|2).为降低该属性约简算法的时间复杂度, 首先引入简化决策表的定义,并设计了一个求简化决策表的算法,其时间复杂度为O(|C||U|).然后在简化决策表的基础上,定义了差别区域,并给出基于差别区域的属性约简定义,同时证明了基于差别区域的属性约简与基于差别矩阵的属性约简等价.在此基础上,以快速缩小简化决策表的搜索空间为目的,定义了一个新的、较为合理的、度量属性重要性的公式,并给出了它的递归计算方法,其时间复杂度为O(U/C|).最后以属性重要性为启发信息,设计了一个基于差别矩阵的快速属性约简算法,其时间复杂度降为max(O(|C||U|,O(|C|2|U/C|)),并用一个实例说明了新算法的高效性.理论分析与实验表明,新算法具有较好的扩展性.     

一种改进的基于二进制可分辨矩阵属性约简算法

指出支天云的二进制可分辨矩阵约简算法存在的不足,给出简化的决策表定义和基于二进制可分辨矩阵的属性频率函数的定义.在此基础上,以核属性为初始约简集,以属性频率为启发式信息,提出了一种改进的基于二进制可分辨矩阵的属性约简算法,其最终可以获得一个最优约简,并且算法时间复杂度和空间复杂度分别为max{O(|C||U|),O(|C|2|U'|2)}和O(|C||U'|2).通过实例验证,表明该算法是有效的.     

基于区分对象对的不完备决策表求核

在差别矩阵的基础上,针对不完备决策表提出了基于差别矩阵的区分对象对集定义,并证明求不完备决策表的核可以转化到求基于差别矩阵的区分对象对集上。在此基础上,提出了一种基于区分对象对的不完备决策表求核算法,该算法的时间复杂度为：[max{O(|C||U||Upos|),O(K|C||U|)}],优于同类算法的时间复杂度;用实例说明了新算法的有效性。     

基于序关系的快速计算正区域核的算法

目前设计基于正区域的求核算法的主要方法是差别矩阵方法.该方法通过搜索差别矩阵的所有差别元素来得到核,故比较耗时.为此,在简化决策表和简化差别矩阵的基础上,若将其对象按条件属性值看成一个数,则对象是有序的.利用这个序,可将具有核属性的差别元素集映射到一个较小的搜索空间上,故只需判断简化差别矩阵的少量差别元素就可以找到核属性集.在此基础上,利用基数排序的思想,设计了一个高效求核算法,其时间复杂度为O(|C|2|U/C|)+O(|C||U|),空间复杂度为O(|U|).由于新算法只需判断简化差别矩阵的少量差别元素就可以找到核算属性集,故算法的效率得到了改善.     

一种基于不完备决策表的求核方法

求核是粗糙集理论的重要研究内容之一,现有的求核算法大部分都是基于完备决策表的,对基于不完备决策表的求核研究很少。提出了不完备决策表二进制差别矩阵的构造方法,在此基础上,利用二进制差别矩阵设计了一种不完备决策表的求核算法。从理论上证明了基于二进制差别矩阵的求核与基于正区域的求核是相等的。新算法的时间复杂度是[O(|C||U|2)],用实例分析说明了新算法的正确性。     

基于改进的差别矩阵的快速属性约简算法

为了解决基于差别矩阵属性约简的计算效率问题,首先以计数排序的思想设计了一个新的计算U/C的高效算法,其时间复杂度降为O(|C||U|)。其次分析了基于差别矩阵的属性约简算法的不足,提出了改进的差别矩阵的定义,利用快速计算核属性算法生成的核属性和出现频率最多的属性来降低差别矩阵的大小,并设计了基于改进的差别矩阵的快速属性约简算法,证明了该新算法的时间复杂度和空间复杂度分别被降为max(O|C|2Σ0≤i相似文献   

基于信息熵的二进制差别矩阵属性约简算法

给出一个简化的二进制差别矩阵的属性约简定义,并证明该属性约简的定义与基于信息熵的属性约简的定义是等价的。为求出简化的二进制差别矩阵,设计了一个快速求简化决策表的算法,其时间复杂度为O（|C||U|）。在此基础上,设计了基于信息熵的简化二进制差别矩阵的快速属性约简算法,其时间复杂度和空间复杂度分别为max{O（|C||U|）,O（|C|²|U/C|²）}和max{O（|C||U/C|²）,O（|U|）},最后用一个实例说明了新算法的高效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。