远志皂苷碱水解产物的化学成分研究

目的 对远志皂苷碱水解产物进行化学成分研究.方法 采用pH=14的NaOH溶液加热回流4 h,制备远志皂苷碱水解产物;采用硅胶反复柱层析、薄层色谱检识和重结晶的方法,从远志皂苷碱水解产物中分离纯化主要成分,并利用理化性质和渡谱特征鉴定其结构.结果 从远志皂苷碱水解产物中分离出细叶远志皂苷、黄花倒水莲皂苷A、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸、对甲氧基肉桂酸和肉桂酸等主要化学成分.结论 远志皂苷碱水解产物稳定,细叶远志皂苷和黄花倒水莲皂苷A为其主要的皂苷类成分,黄花倒水莲皂苷A和对甲氧基肉桂酸为首次从远志皂苷碱水解产物中分离得到.     

HPLC法测定参茸安神片中远志酮Ⅲ、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B和五味子醇甲

目的建立HPLC法同时测定参茸安神片中远志酮Ⅲ、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B和五味子醇甲的方法。方法采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈–0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长:320 nm(0~16 min检测远志酮Ⅲ、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖)、210 nm(16~24 min检测细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B)、250 nm(24~35 min检测五味子醇甲);体积流量:1.0 m L/min;柱温:30℃;进样量为10μL。结果远志酮Ⅲ、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B和五味子醇甲分别在3.85~77.00、6.22~124.40、6.57~131.40、7.61~152.20、4.96~99.20μg/m L线性关系良好(r≥0.999 2);平均回收率分别为98.17%、99.24%、99.90%、97.63%、96.83%,RSD值分别为1.14%、1.23%、0.70%、1.52%、0.81%。结论本法稳定可靠、简便易行,为全面控制参茸安神片的质量提供了参考。     

HPLC-CAD法测定远志药材中细叶远志皂苷的含量

目的建立高效液相-电雾式检测器(HPLC-CAD)方法测定远志药材中细叶远志皂苷的含量。方法色谱柱为Ultimate XB-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);柱温25℃;流动相为甲醇-0.3mL·L~(-1)磷酸溶液(60︰40);流速1mL·min~(-1);进样量10μL;电雾式检测器,雾化温度25℃,采集频率10Hz。结果细叶远志皂苷峰面积与质量浓度线性回归方程:Y=4.295 4 X-0.135 8,r=0.999 9(n=6),线性范围为1.0~10.0mg·mL~(-1);平均回收率为101.4%。结论该方法高效、快速、准确,可作为药物及制剂中细叶远志皂苷的含量测定方法。     

HPLC法测定参茸安神片中远志(口山)酮Ⅲ、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B和五味子醇甲

目的 建立HPLC法同时测定参茸安神片中远志酮Ⅲ、3,6''-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B和五味子醇甲的方法。方法 采用Kromasil C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相：乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长：320 nm（0~16 min检测远志酮Ⅲ、3,6''-二芥子酰基蔗糖）、210 nm（16~24 min检测细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B）、250 nm（24~35 min检测五味子醇甲）;体积流量：1.0 mL/min;柱温：30℃;进样量为10 μL。结果 远志（口山）酮Ⅲ、3,6''-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志皂苷B和五味子醇甲分别在3.85~77.00、6.22~124.40、6.57~131.40、7.61~152.20、4.96~99.20 μg/mL线性关系良好（r≥0.999 2）;平均回收率分别为98.17%、99.24%、99.90%、97.63%、96.83%,RSD值分别为1.14%、1.23%、0.70%、1.52%、0.81%。结论 本法稳定可靠、简便易行,为全面控制参茸安神片的质量提供了参考。     

远志中远志酸的提取分离方法研究

目的 针对现时国内大多数厂家生产的远志制剂中其质量控制标准的远志酸,国外标准品价格昂贵,国内标准品的纯度有待提高的问题,提出从植物远志中提取分离、纯化得到含70.0%以上远志酸的化合物.方法 从植物远志中用95%乙醇回流提取、浓缩得到远志总皂苷,远志总皂苷再经盐酸酸水解,趁热过滤,滤渣用丙酮溶解,用硅胶(100～200目)伴样,干法上柱,过硅胶(100～200目)柱层析,分离得到化合物Ⅰ.根据光谱数据(HPLC、MS)和理化性质等结果 ,可以确定化合物Ⅰ的纯度和结构.结果 化合物Ⅰ纯度约为81.2%的远志酸.结论 (1)从植物远志中分离得到了纯度约为81.2%的远志酸;(2)得到了一种从植物远志中提取分离纯化远志酸的方法 .     

星点设计-效应面法优化细叶远志皂苷自微乳释药系统

目的 采用星点设计-效应面法优化细叶远志皂苷自微乳处方.方法 配伍试验、绘制伪三元相图进行处方筛选,以溶解度、粒径及乳化时间为指标,星点设计-效应面法优化处方.结果 细叶远志皂苷自微乳的处方配比为油酸乙酯12.93%,RH40 56.30%,1,2-丙二醇30.77%.结论 此方法的预测性良好,适用于细叶远志皂苷自微乳的处方优化.     

远志流浸膏中3种指标性成分的含量测定

目的 建立测定远志流浸膏中3种指标性成分的含量的方法。方法 采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法同时测定8批远志流浸膏中远志𠮿酮Ⅲ,3,6’-二芥子酰基蔗糖这两种成分含量,和高效液相色谱法测定碱水解远志流浸膏中细叶远志皂苷成分含量。结果 远志𠮿酮Ⅲ、3,6’-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷在各自测定范围内线性关系良好（r＞0.999 9）,平均加样回收率为98.76~103.05%,RSD 0.82~3.79%。结论 本试验方法结果准确、专属性好、重复性好,稳定性好,可为远志流浸膏的质量控制提供依据。     

苓枣片中酸枣仁皂苷A和细叶远志皂苷的含量测定

目的:测定中药苓枣片中酸枣仁皂苷A和细叶远志皂苷的含量.方法:应用HPLC-ELSD法检测酸枣仁皂苷A的含量,采用DIONEX Acclaim 120 C18色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,ELSD检测雾化温度40 ℃,压力3.6 bar;采用HPLC检测细叶远志皂苷的含量,流动相为甲醇-0.05%磷酸溶液,检测波长210 nm.结果:酸枣仁皂苷A在0.1～1.0 mg·ml-1 内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为98.77%;细叶远志皂苷在0.0625～1.0000 mg·ml-1内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为98.47%.结论:该方法简便、灵敏、准确、重复性好,可用于苓枣片的质量控制.     

远志总皂苷的提取分离及鉴定

目的：研究远志皂苷的提取分离及鉴定方法。方法：采用萃取及柱层析技术对远志皂苷进行分离,并采用液质联用技术对其进行鉴定。结果：通过此方法获得的远志皂苷含量在85％以上。结论：此方法易制得远志皂苷且测定方法简单、迅速、灵敏度高。     

高效液相色谱法测定甘草远志合剂中4种指标成分的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法同时测定甘草远志合剂中甘草苷、甘草酸铵、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖和细叶远志皂苷的含量。方法采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),以乙腈为流动相A,以0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相B进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长分别为210、237 nm,柱温30℃。结果甘草苷在10.0¹50.0μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),甘草酸铵在50150.0μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),甘草酸铵在50¹ 000μg·mL-1(r=0.999 8),3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖在21 000μg·mL-1(r=0.999 8),3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖在2⁵0μg·mL-1(r=0.999 7)和细叶远志皂苷在5.050μg·mL-1(r=0.999 7)和细叶远志皂苷在5.0¹30.0μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9)与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,低、中、高3个浓度的平均加样回收率(n=3)均>97%,RSD均<3%,溶液在24 h内稳定。结论本法快速简便、准确可靠、重复性好,可用于测定甘草远志合剂中甘草苷、甘草酸铵、3,6'-二芥子酰基蔗糖和细叶远志皂苷的含量,为甘草远志合剂及其类似制剂的质量评价提供依据。     

Separation of beta-receptor blockers and analogs by capillary liquid chromatography (CLC) and pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC) using a vancomycin chiral stationary phase column

Enantiomeric separation of chiral pharmaceuticals was carried out by means of in capillary liquid chromatography (CLC) and pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC) using a vancomycin chiral stationary phase (CSP). A 100 microm I.D. fused-silica capillary was packed with 5 microm diameter silica particles modified with vancomycin. Enantiomeric resolution of fifteen beta3-receptor blockers and analogs was studied by polar organic CLC mode and reversed-phase pCEC mode using mobile phases containing methanol-isopropanol-acetic acid-triethylamine and TEAA buffer-methanol, respectively. Several factors affecting chiral separation were investigated in both CLC and pCEC mode. Good enantiomeric resolution was achieved by CLC mode for propranolol, celiprolol, esmolol, bisoprolol, atenolol, metoprolol and carteolol using methanol-isopropanol-acetic acid-triethylamine (70:30:0.05:0.05, v/v/v/v) as mobile phase and for clenbuterol, bambuterol, terbutaline, and salbutamol using methanol-isopropanol-acetic acid-triethylamine (50:50:0.05:005 or 50:50: 0.025:0.05, v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. The baseline was achieved by pCEC mode for the separation of esmolol, bisoprolol, atenolol, metoprolol, carteolol in the mobile phase containing MeOH-0.05%TEAA (pH 7.0) (90:10, v/v) (-10 kV), and that of propranolol and celiprolol in the mobile phase containing MeOH-0.025%TEAA (pH 7.0) (90:10, v/v)(-10 kV). Comparative enantioseparations performed in polar organic CLC and reversed phase pCEC mode revealed significant difference.     

Simultaneous separation and confirmation of amphetamine and related drugs in equine plasma by non-aqueous capillary-electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry

A non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (NACE-MS) method was developed for simultaneous separation and identification of 12 amphetamine and related compounds in equine plasma. Analytes were recovered from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). A bare fused-silica capillary was used for separation of the analytes. Addition of sheath liquid to the capillary effluent allowed the detection of the analytes by positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using full scan data acquisition. The limit of detection (LOD) for the target analytes was 10-200 ng/mL and that of confirmation (LOC) was 50-1000 ng/mL in equine plasma. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and mass spectrometry (MS) parameters were optimized for full CE separation and MS detection of the analytes. Separation buffer comprised 25 mM ammonium formate in acetonitrile/methanol (20: 80, v/v) plus 1 M formic acid. Sheath liquid was isopropanol-water-formic acid (50:50:0.5, v/v/v). Samples were hydrodynamically injected and separated at 25 kV. Analytes were electrokinetically separated and mass spectrometrically identified and confirmed. This simple, fast, inexpensive and reproducible method was successfully applied to post race equine plasma and research samples in screening for amphetamine and related drugs.     

手性流动相HPLC法拆分氟比洛芬对映体研究

目的:建立氟比洛芬手性药物的高效液相色谱拆分方法.方法:利用C18柱,以β-环糊精及其衍生物作为手性流动相添加剂,调节有机修饰剂比例和添加不同量的峰型修饰剂对氟比洛芬对映体进行拆分.结果:采用单6-L-脯氨酸-β-环糊精作为手性流动相添加剂,利用C18柱可直接拆分S,R-氟比洛芬对映体.最佳色谱分离条件为:流动相为1.4％的6 -L - proline -β - CD甲醇溶液(w/v):pH为4.0,体积分数1.0％的三乙胺水溶液(V/V) =25:75(V/V);柱温t=25℃;流速1.0ml/min;进样量10ul,检测波长254nm.S,R-氟比洛芬对映体获得了良好分离,分离度为1.65.结论:建立的手性流动相添加剂法能有效拆分氟比洛芬对映体.     

Chiral separation of cefadroxil by capillary electrochromatography

In this paper, the chiral separation of cefadroxil was studied by capillary electrochromatography. Monolithic capillary column was prepared for the separation of cefadroxil enantiomers. The optimum buffer contained 28.5 mmol/L sodium acetate, 0.95% (v/v) acetic acid, 19 mmol/L beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and 5% (v/v) isopropanol in formamide solution (pH 7.0), with the running voltage of 12 kV, the UV detector wavelength of 254 nm, the sample injected time of 8s and the temperature of 25 degrees C. Under these conditions, the column efficiency of cefadroxil enantiomers were N1=5324 and N2=23,768 with a selectivity factor (alpha) of 1.056 and resolution (Rs) of 0.978. The effect of buffer pH value, beta-CD concentration, organic modifier (isopropanol) concentration and voltage was also investigated for the separation by CEC.     

高效液相色谱用Pirkle型手性柱直接拆分阿折地平(英文)

本文使用Pirkle型Sumichiral OA-2500手性柱,研究了正相和反相色谱直接分离阿折地平对映体的流动相条件。使用正相体系,阿折地平在正己烷–乙醇(90:10,v/v)流动相条件下获得了很好的分离(分离度Rs达到4.0),而使用推荐的流动相正己烷–乙醇(60:40,v/v),则可以在更短的13分钟内获得分离(分离度Rs为2.7)。使用反相的甲醇和含有0.05mol/L醋酸铵的甲醇做流动相,仅能获得部分分离。用同样的实验条件研究了氨氯地平和尼莫地平的拆分,并在正相条件下获得了部分分离。     

First derivative spectrophotometric, TLC-densitometric, and HPLC determination of acebutolol HCL in presence of its acid-induced degradation product

Three methods are presented for the determination of acebutolol HCl in presence of its acid-induced degradation product. The first method was based on measurement of the first derivative amplitude of acebutolol HCl at 266.6 nm. The second method was based on separation of acebutolol HCl from its acid-induced degradation product followed by densitometric measurement of the spots at 230 nm. The separation was carried out on silica gel 60 F254, using ethanol-glacial acetic acid (4:1, v/v) as mobile phase. Second order polynomial equation was used for the regression line. The third method was based on high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation of acebutolol HCl from its acid-induced degradation product on a reversed phase, ODS column using a mobile phase of methanol-water (55:45, v/v) with UV detection at 240 nm. The first derivative spectrophotometric method was utilized to investigate the kinetics of the acid degradation process at different temperatures.     

Separation and determination of alpinetin and cardamonin by reverse micelle electrokinetic capillary chromatography

A novel electokinetic capillary chromatography method, reverse sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles as pseudo-stationary phase, was developed for separation and detection of alpinetin and cardamonin. In this work, reverse micelles (RMs) have been firstly introduced into background electrolyte for electrophoresis separation. The optimum reverse SDS micelle system was formed with n-butyl chloride as continuous phase, SDS (20.9%, w/v) as the surfactant, W(0) (13.0, water-surfactant molar ratio), 18.0% (v/v) 1-butanol as the co-surfactant, 8.0% (v/v) acetonitrile (ACN), 1.5% (v/v) heptane, and a 60 mol L(-1) tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) buffer, as dispersed phase. Linear relationships (correlation coefficients: 0.9961 for cardamonin and 0.9991 for alpinetin) between the peak areas and concentration of the two compounds were obtained (5.0-350.0 microg mL(-1) for cardamonin and 1.25-350.0 microg mL(-1) for alpinetin). The detection limits (S/N=3) for cardamonin and alpinetin were 0.19 and 0.14 microg mL(-1), respectively. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of alpinetin and cardamonin in Alpinia katsumadai Hayata and kuaiwei tablet with satisfactory recoveries in the range of 95.9-100.2%.     

The use of information theory and numerical taxonomy methods for evaluating the quality of thin-layer chromatographic separations of flavonoid constituents of Matricariae flos

A methanol extract of Matricariae flos was analysed with regard to the flavonoid composition. Rational selection of a restricted set from eight chromatographic systems tested for the separation of these compounds is discussed. Series of mathematical techniques for the evaluation of solvents and solvent combinations in thin-layer chromatography of flavonoid constituents have been explored. The chromatographic systems are classified according to their mutual resemblance by numerical taxonomy techniques. The selection criterion in the groups, obtained by numerical taxonomy classification, is the information content or the discriminating power. The most suitable mobile phases for TLC separation of flavonoid constituents of Matricariae flos are: ethylacetate-methanol-water (75:15:0 v/v), ethylacetate-formic acid-water (80:10:10 v/v) and ethylacetate-formic acid-acetic acid-water (100:11:11:27 v/v).     

Separation and characterization of synthetic impurities of triclabendazole by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

A simple high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS) method for the separation and characterization of impurities in the synthesis of triclabendazole has been developed. The analytical separation was achieved on a reversed-phase C18 column using acetonitrile and water (60:40, v/v) as mobile solvent at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min at 25 degrees C, and an UV detection at 230 nm. The on-line HPLC/ESI-MSn examinations were performed using ion trap analyzer with extraction ion chromatography (EIC) technique in positive or negative ion modes. The semi-preparative separation was performed with a reversed-phase column using methanol and water (75:25, v/v) as mobile solvent at a flow-rate of 4 ml/min at 25 degrees C, and an UV detection at 230 nm. Thus, two impurities were detected and identified as 5-chloro-6-(2,3,4-trichlorophenoxy)-2-methylsulfanyl-1H-benzoimidazole and 5-chloro-6-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-1-methyl-2-methylsulfanyl-1H-benzoimidazole. Meanwhile, some intermediates of impurity-1 in multi-step synthetic reactions, were tracked. Structural elucidation by 1D and 2D NMR and ESI-MSn was discussed.     

Determination of capsaicinoids in topical cream by liquid-liquid extraction and liquid chromatography

A reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) method has been developed, optimised and validated for the separation and quantitation of capsaicin (CP) and dihydrocapsaicin (DHCP) in a topical cream formulation. Sample preparation involves liquid-liquid extraction prior to LC analysis. The method uses a Hypersil C(18) BDS, 5 micrometer, 250x4.6 mm I.D. column maintained at 35 degrees C. The mobile phase comprises methanol, water, acetonitrile (ACN) and acetic acid (47:42:10:1, v/v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Robustness was evaluated by performing a central composite face-centred design (CCF) experiment. The method shows good selectivity, linearity, sensitivity and repeatability. The conditions allow the separation and quantitation of CP and DHCP without interference from the other substances contained in the cream.