花生过敏原蛋白Ara h 6基因克隆和原核表达

本实验首先从花生中提取总RNA,利用反转录聚合酶链式反应技术克隆了花生过敏原蛋白Ara h 6全cDNA,并以此为模板扩增出Ara h 6目的基因。将目的基因与pMD19-T Simple质粒进行重组后转入BL21（DE3）宿主表达菌中,异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷诱导产物表达,并利用镍离子亲和层析纯化表达产物。DNA测序结果显示Ara h 6基因片段全长为438 bp,编码145 个氨基酸,与已知该蛋白DNA序列97%相同;十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示表达产物分子质量为24 kD,与融合组氨酸标签的重组Ara h 6蛋白理论分子质量相符;质谱鉴定结果表明重组蛋白的一级结构与天然Ara h 6匹配度为100%;Western blotting结果显示融合蛋白能够为抗Ara h 6多克隆抗体所识别,具有免疫原性。     

Mincle受体蛋白克隆、原核表达与纯化

本研究通过应用基因工程技术,构建融合基因pET14b-Mincle的原核表达载体,并将其转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达目的蛋白Mincle,并对其表达产物进行纯化、鉴定、透析复性。采用RT-PCR技术扩增小鼠Mincle的基因片段,将其克隆于载体pMD18-T中,并克隆到带有His-tag的原核表达载体pET14b中;重组质粒经酶切鉴定、序列比对验证正确后转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导表达目的蛋白。经1mmol/LIPTG在37℃下诱导5h获得了分子量约为22kDa的重组融合蛋白的优化表达,SDS-PAGE、Western Blot和ELISA证实了重组蛋白的特异性。Mincle以包涵体形式在宿主中表达,利用Ni2+亲和柱进行纯化和生物膜透析复性,纯化和透析后的蛋白经WesternBlot、ELISA法定性鉴别以及用白色念珠菌(SC5314)整个灭活细胞对复性后蛋白的活性测定,透析后的Mincle重组融合蛋白能与白色念珠菌的特异性结合体现其生物活性,表明获得了具有活性的蛋白,为后续研究打下基础。     

在大肠杆菌中融合表达重组羧肽酶抑制剂

利用PCR技术扩增得到编码土豆羧肽酶抑制剂（carboxypeptidase inhibitor from potato，CPI）活性多肽基因，克隆于表达载体pGEX-4T-1的多克隆位点中，得到重组质粒pGCPI，测序后将重组质粒转化到受体菌Escherichia coli BL21中。重组菌经IPTG诱导表迭，超声波破菌后，通过谷胱甘肽sepheroseFF亲和层析柱一步纯化得到融合蛋白，纯度大于979，6。融合蛋白经凝血酶切割并分离除去谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶后得到纯度大于98％的重组CPI，ELISA鉴定产物具有免疫原性，体外检测表明其促进纤溶的生物功能与天然CPI无明显差异。     

花生过敏原Ara h 1蛋白的原核表达及致敏性分析

从花生中提取总RNA,用反转录聚合酶链式反应得到花生过敏原Ara h 1基因,构建pET-28a-Ara h 1表达载体,转入Rosetta（DE3）宿主表达菌中诱导产物表达,用镍离子亲和层析法纯化得到目的蛋白。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示目的蛋白分子质量约为75 kDa,与预计相符;经质谱鉴定为Ara h 1蛋白。用BALB/c小鼠模型评价重组Ara h 1蛋白的致敏性结果显示,重组Ara h 1蛋白致敏小鼠血清中特异性抗体、Th2型细胞因子、组胺含量升高,空肠和肺组织发生病变,表明重组Ara h 1蛋白可以导致小鼠发生Th2型过敏反应,且有与天然Ara h 1蛋白相似的致敏性。同时RBL细胞模型结果显示重组Ara h 1蛋白还可导致RBL细胞脱颗粒,释放β-己糖苷酶,进一步表明重组Ara h 1蛋白具有致敏性。     

花生致敏原Ara h 1的重组表达与纯化

Ara h 1是花生中含量最高的过敏原,也是致敏性较高的蛋白之一。目前提纯Ara h 1的方法大多涉及2至3步柱层析,步骤繁琐且成本较高。本文中,将带有6×his标签的Ara h 1基因与pET-32a表达载体融合,构建重组质粒并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3) pLysS,诱导使其表达目标蛋白。菌体裂解后使用Ni-NTA吸附、梯度洗脱对Ara h 1进行纯化。采用质谱及Western-blot鉴定纯化蛋白的种类及免疫活性。结果显示,质粒中目标基因的序列与NCBI数据库中Ara h 1的基因数据相符;300 mmol/L异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷22℃诱导菌液22 h时蛋白表达量最高;添加15 mmol/L十二烷基磺酸钠可将蛋白释放到上清液中,使用含50,100mmol/L咪唑的洗脱液分别洗脱2次和1次后得到纯度较高且免疫原性良好的重组Ara h 1。     

pfs基因原核表达载体的构建、表达及蛋白纯化

以植物乳杆菌KLDS1.0391的基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR方法扩增得到pfs基因,与Gen Bank中的序列对比发现同源性为99%。将目的基因与表达载体p QE-30连接,并将重组质粒p QE-30-pfs转化到E.coli M15中。异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达重组蛋白,经SDS-PAGE分析,在全菌体蛋白中含有一条明显的特异性蛋白条带,大小约为27.4ku。经Ni-NTA纯化系统纯化后,在SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳图上获得纯化产物的条带。结果表明,原核表达载体p QE-30-pfs构建成功,且Pfs蛋白在大肠杆菌中成功表达,采用Ni-NTA纯化系统成功纯化了重组蛋白Pfs,为体外合成AI-2(Autoinducer-2)奠定了基础。     

乳酸菌细菌素Avicin A的高效表达及抑菌活性研究

乳酸菌细菌素是一种广谱抑菌素,已成为天然食品防腐剂研究与开发的热点。文章进行了该类细菌素在大肠杆菌中的异源表达,并应用Western-blot鉴定。利用组氨酸标签纯化及Trx-Tag标签的切除,对重组蛋白的抑菌活性进行检测。根据GenBank数据库中公布的细菌素Avicin A基因设计引物,以本实验室分离自酸马乳中的乳酸菌XM-38株为模板,采用PCR方法扩增了细菌素Avicin A片段,利用原核表达载体pET-32a(+)构建重组质粒HIS-Trx-Avicin A,将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达,获得了可溶性表达的融合蛋白(HIS-Trx-Avicin A)。SDS-PAGE分析HISTrx-Avicin A蛋白大小约为42 ku,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的19%。经亲和柱层析纯化后,得到纯化的HIS-Trx-Avicin A蛋白,含量180μg/mL。用肠激酶对融合蛋白HIS-Trx-Avicin A进行解离,获得浓度为20μg/mL的目的蛋白Avicin A。对HIS-Trx-Avicin A进行Western-blot鉴定,表明该细菌素蛋白得到了重组表达,对多种菌的抑菌实验表明,该重组蛋白具有良好的抑菌活性,研究的Avicin A为食品添加防腐剂提供了一个切实可行的来源。     

花生Ara h6基因的克隆、表达以及免疫活性鉴定

目的:克隆花生主要过敏原Ara h6基因,诱导表达并纯化该蛋白,检测其免疫活性.方法:提取花生总RNA,设计特异性引物,RT-PCR克隆花生Ara h6的基因,将测序正确的片段连入原核表达载体pET-28a上,并转入BL21(DE3)宿主表达菌中,IPTG诱导袁达,通过Ni2+亲和层析柱纯化目的蛋白,Western-blotting检测该重组蛋白的免疫原性.结果:测序结果表明花生Ara h6目的片段全长为438bp,编码145个氨基酸,与GenBank中蛋白序列100%相同.该基因诱导表达的产物纯化后经SDS-PAGE鉴定为17kDa.Western-blotting结果表明该蛋白与花生过敏病人混合血清中IgE结合,具有免疫原性.结论:成功克隆花生过敏原Ara h6的基因,该基因表达的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫原性.     

一种新型凋亡素融合蛋白的克隆表达及活性测定

目的克隆表达EC-SOD3-凋亡素融合蛋白,并检测其生物活性。方法PCR扩增出apoptin序列,与表达载体EC-SOD3-pET-28a连接后在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导,表达产物进行Ni2+-NTA纯化和MTT活性检测。结果表达载体pET-28a-EC-SOD3-apoptin经酶切鉴定和序列分析,证明质粒构建正确,转化E.coliBL21(DE3)后,重组蛋白获得表达,Ni2+-NTA纯化后的凋亡素融合蛋白纯度达到85%以上,经噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定具有活性。结论成功构建了表达载体pET-28a-EC-SOD3-apoptin,并在大肠杆菌中表达了EC-SOD3-凋亡素融合蛋白,纯化的蛋白质具有诱导HeLa细胞凋亡的能力。     

一种新型凋亡素融合蛋白的克隆表达及活性测定

目的 克隆表达EC-SOD3-凋亡素融合蛋白,并检测其生物活性.方法 PCR扩增出apopfin序列,与表达载体EC-SOD3-Pet-28a连接后在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导,表达产物进行Ni2+-NTA纯化和MIT活性检测.结果 表达载体Pet-28a-EC-SOD3-apoptin经酶切鉴定和序列分析,证明质粒构建正确,转化E. Coli BL21(DE3)后,重组蛋白获得表达,Ni2+-NTA纯化后的凋亡素融合蛋白纯度达到85%以上,经噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定具有活性.结论 成功构建了表达载体Pet-28a-EC-SOD3-apopfin,并在大肠杆菌中表达了EC-SOD3-凋亡素融合蛋白,纯化的蛋白质具有诱导HeLa细胞凋亡的能力.     

人乙醛脱氢酶2与NusA的融合表达

通过将乙醛脱氢酶2（acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2,ALDH2）与NusA-tag融合表达,以获得能够在大肠杆菌中可溶性表达并且具有较好活性的重组蛋白。首先,根据Aldh2的基因序列设计引物,引入EcoRI和XhoI的酶切位点,聚合酶链式反应扩增出Aldh2基因片段,连接到pMD19-T-simple载体,并转化到大肠杆菌DH5α菌株。测序正确后,双酶切处理,将Aldh2基因片段克隆到表达载体pET44b（＋）上NusA-tag下游的EcoRI和XhoI酶切位点之间,得到pET44b（＋）-NusA-Aldh2重组载体,转化入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）菌株。经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷（isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside,IPTG）诱导,表达的融合蛋白具有良好的溶解性,主要存在于上清液中。融合蛋白的最优表达条件为IPTG浓度0.25 mmol/L、诱导温度37 ℃、诱导时间3 h。重组蛋白的最适反应温度为37 ℃,在pH 7.0时达到最好的催化效果。不同金属离子如Ca2＋、K＋、Na＋、Mg2＋、Mn2＋都对酶有激活作用,且Mg2＋效果最好,最佳的酶活性为1.64 U/mL。而野生型ALDH2在大肠杆菌中表达时完全以无活性的包涵体形式存在,复性后得到的酶活性为1.43 U/mL。本研究通过引入NusA进行融合表达,实现了ALDH2在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达,且重组蛋白的活性优于包涵体复性蛋白。这些结果表明利用NusA进行融合表达是制备重组ALDH2的一个良好方法。     

Purification and characterisation of a panel of peanut allergens suitable for use in allergy diagnosis

Peanut is a major cause of type 1 hypersensitive reactions including anaphylaxis. This results from the presence of a number of protein allergens, six of which are being studied as part of the EU FP6 EuroPrevall programme. These are Ara h 1 (7S globulin), Ara h 2, Ara h 6 (2S albumins), Ara h 3/4 (11S globulins) and Ara h 8 (Bet v 1 homologue). Methods for the purification of Ara h 1, Ara h 3/4, Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 from peanut seeds and for the production of recombinant Ara h 8 in Escherichia coli are described with spectroscopic analyses being used to confirm that they are authentically folded. N-terminal sequencing of the proteins purified from peanut seeds also revealed details of the differences between isoforms and their generation by proteolytic processing within the seed. Preliminary IgE binding studies of the purified allergens confirmed that they retained their immunological properties indicating their suitability for use in allergy diagnosis.     

牛凝乳酶原基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达及活性检测

以实验室保存的携带凝乳酶原前体基因的重组载体pMD 19-T/bPPC为模板克隆凝乳酶原基因,经双酶切后与载体pET-30a连接得到重组载体pET-30a/bPC,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导后,采用SDS-PAGE检测目的蛋白表达情况。重组蛋白经变性/复性、DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow纯化和自催化后检测凝乳活性。结果表明,重组凝乳酶原基因在大肠杆菌中高效表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的68%,采用Arima K方法检测,其凝乳活力达到80 SU/mL。因此,通过大肠杆菌表达系统大量制备具有生物活性的重组牛凝乳酶原的策略是可行的,研究结果为弥补国内天然牛凝乳酶的短缺提供一种途径。     

Proteolytic processing of the peanut allergen Ara h 3

The allergen Ara h 3 has been purified recently from peanuts. In contrast to recombinant Ara h 3, a 60 kDa single-chain polypeptide, the allergen isolated from its native source is extensively proteolytically processed. The characteristic proteolytic processing for 11S plant storage proteins of the glycinin family is observed for Ara h 3 yielding an acidic and a basic subunit, bound by a disulfide bridge. In addition to this, proteolytic truncation is observed for the acidic subunit but not for the basic subunit of Ara h 3. A series of Ara h 3 polypeptides ranging from 13-45 kDa was separated by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and each band was digested by trypsin. Peptides related to the bands were identified and a scheme positioning the different polypeptides in the Ara h 3 sequence has been constructed. Peptide analysis showed sequence heterogeneity at two positions indicating the presence of multiple genes encoding variant, but highly homologous Ara h 3 proteins. The pool of Ara h 3 polypeptides from its native source illustrated that allergen from the peanut is much more complex than the recombinant protein used for epitope mapping experiments. From several Ara h 3 truncation products one or more immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding sites had been removed. Characterization of the allergenicity of Ara h 3 should therefore also include IgE-binding studies with peanut-derived Ara h 3, providing the high degree of variation in the Ara h 3 protein structure, as this is what peanut-allergic individuals are confronted with.     

单核细胞增多性李斯特菌iap 基因的克隆、表达与p60 蛋白的纯化

以单增李斯特菌基因组DNA 为模板,利用自行设计的引物,通过PCR 法扩增出单增李斯特菌的iap 基因。在iap 基因的5 ＇端和3 ＇端分别引入EcoR Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ 2 个酶切位点将其克隆到pMD-18T 载体上,构建克隆载体pMD-18T-iap。经测序正确后,将iap 基因克隆至表达载体pET-28a 上构建表达质粒pET-28a-iap。在IPTG 诱导下,携带pET-28a-iap 的E.coli BL21(DE3)高效表达分子质量约为60kD 的可溶性蛋白及包涵体形式的蛋白,其中可溶性蛋白占总p60 蛋白含量的76.3% 左右。诱导表达的可溶性蛋白通过Ni2+ 亲和层析柱纯化得到纯度在95.6% 以上的重组p60 蛋白,其提取率为68.3% 左右。     

Production of pure protein and antibodies and development of immunoassays to detect Ara h 3 levels in peanut varieties

Peanuts are one of the most allergenic foods and are widespread in western food products. Therefore, there has been intense research into the allergic nature of the proteins involved. Ara h 3 is one of three immunodominant allergenic proteins. It is a 60‐kDa protein, which forms following cleavage of the preprotein and association of the resultant 40‐ and 20‐kDa subunits. The large subunit has been shown to harbour most of the reactive epitopes and has the protein fold likely responsible for its trypsin inhibitor activity. In this work, we have developed a method for the high‐level expression and purification of recombinant Ara h 3 40‐kDa subunit. Specific antibodies have been produced and applied to the secondary and tertiary screens of hundreds of peanut cultivars. Several of these cultivars were identified that have significantly reduced accumulation of Ara h 3.     

Enzymatic treatment of peanut kernels to reduce allergen levels

This study investigated the use of enzymatic treatment to reduce peanut allergens in peanut kernels as affected by processing conditions. Two major peanut allergens, Ara h 1 and Ara h 2, were used as indicators of process effectiveness. Enzymatic treatment effectively reduced Ara h 1 and Ara h 2 in roasted peanut kernels by up to 100% under optimal conditions. For instance, treatment of roasted peanut kernels with α-chymotrypsin and trypsin for 1–3 h significantly increased the solubility of peanut protein while reducing Ara h 1 and Ara h 2 in peanut kernel extracts by 100% and 98%, respectively, based on ELISA readings. Ara h 1 and Ara h 2 levels in peanut protein extracts were inversely correlated with protein solubility in roasted peanut. Blanching of kernels enhanced the effectiveness of enzyme treatment in roasted peanuts but not in raw peanuts. The optimal concentration of enzyme was determined by response surface to be in the range of 0.1–0.2%. No consistent results were obtained for raw peanut kernels since Ara h 1 and Ara h 2 increased in peanut protein extracts under some treatment conditions and decreased in others.     

丝胶抗冻肽在大肠杆菌中的重组表达及其抗冻活性初探

为了高效制备抗冻肽,研究一种丝胶抗冻肽目的基因SerD在大肠杆菌BL21菌株中的重组表达,并分析表达产物的抗冻活性。首先合成SerD基因片段,经KpnI和XhoI双酶切后定向插入质粒载体Pet32a中,构建表达质粒Pet32a-SerD,然后电转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下进行目的基因表达,利用镍琼脂糖亲和层析对目的重组蛋白进行纯化,并对其进行抗冻活性分析。结果表明,最佳表达条件为重组菌在20℃诱导16 h;通过十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-PolyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)和蛋白质免疫印迹试验(Western-Blot)鉴定重组蛋白表达成功且His-SerD融合蛋白表达的分子量在25~35 kDa之间;胞内表达His-SerD融合蛋白的大肠杆菌BL21-SerD复苏后的生长活性明显高于PBL空载菌;添加His-SerD融合蛋白可明显降低溶液中冰晶颗粒大小,具有较好的重结晶抑制效果。本文通过基因工程方法在大肠杆菌中成功构建丝胶肽抗冻肽的重组表达系统,并最终获得具有抗冷冻胁迫保护作用的His-SerD融合蛋白。