急诊重症创伤患者凝血功能与疾病程度及预后的相关性分析

目的 分析急诊重症创伤患者凝血功能与疾病程度及预后的相关性.方法 回顾性分析武汉市三医院光谷院区急诊科2018年7月—2020年8月收治的101例重症创伤患者,根据患者进入ICU后14d内的预后情况将患者分为死亡组(19例)和存活组(82例),根据损伤严重度评分(ISS)将患者分为危重组(17分≤ISS≤25分,61例)和极危重组(ISS>25分,40例).患者入院后,于输血及纠正凝血功能障碍前,采用生化分析仪检测患者血浆中血小板计数(PLT)、D-二聚体(DD)水平,全自动凝血分析仪检测凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分活化凝血酶原时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原浓度(FIB).比较不同创伤严重度、不同预后患者一般资料和凝血功能指标,多因素Logistic回归分析患者凝血功能指标与创伤严重度和预后的关系.结果 极危重组血浆PLT、FIB水平为(52.58±7.25)×109/L、(2.01±0.62)g/L,低于危重组的(161.25±18.32)×109/L、(3.24±0.58)g/L(P<0.05);极危重组失血量>2000mL患者比例50％、ISS(29.4±6.1)分、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分(APACHEⅡ评分)(21.9±8.5)分、血浆DD水平(22.12±3.25)mg/L、PT(23.25±2.14)s、APTT(41.25±4.58)s,高于危重组的23％、(23.0±6.6)分、(14.5±5.7)分、(7.85±1.04)mg/L、(16.68±1.55)s、(38.57±4.56)s(P<0.05);多因素Logistic分析结果显示ISS、APACHEⅡ评分、DD、PT、APTT是急诊重症创伤患者病情加重的独立危险因素(OR=3.255,1.598,1.655,4.927,2.224).死亡组血浆PLT、FIB水平(64.58±6.67)×109/L、(2.14±0.52)g/L,低于存活组的(189.43±25.79)×109/L、(4.55±0.77)g/L(P<0.05);死亡组年龄(58.0±7.6)岁、失血量>2000mL患者比例63％、ISS(31.8±8.1)分、APACHEⅡ评分(21.23±11.52)分、血浆DD水平(18.59±2.29)mg/L、PT(24.56±2.64)s、APTT(54.33±4.97)s,高于存活组的(49.2±6.4)岁、27％、(24.1±6.0)分、(16.6±5.7)分、(4.24±0.69)mg/L、(14.37±1.98)s、(29.69±3.46)s,P<0.05;失血量、ISS、APACHEⅡ评分、DD、PT、APTT是急诊重症创伤患者预后不良的独立危险因素(OR=3.348,4.695,2.140,5.821,2.062,6.623).结论 凝血功能与急诊重症创伤患者疾病程度密切相关,凝血功能指标DD、PT、APTT是患者预后不良的独立危险因素,是评估患者预后的重要依据.     

胸部物理干预在预防重型颅脑创伤呼吸机相关性肺炎中的应用研究

目的研究胸部物理干预(CPI)在预防重型颅脑创伤(STBI)呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)中的应用效果。方法采用回顾性对照研究分析。2015年7月-2019年6月成都医学院第一附属医院ICU收治STBI患者156例临床资料,男性97例,女性59例;年龄22~70岁,平均44.73岁。依照干预方法分为CPI组(n=87)与对照组(n=69)。对照组给予常规干预,CPI组给予常规干预+CPI。CPI:胸部叩击、手法振动、膨肺、机械吸引、使用振动排痰机。观察两组脱机、发生VAP及出ICU后30d内死亡情况,记录机械通气时间、出现VAP时间、入住ICU时间及住院时间。干预前后氧合指数(OI)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、急性生理及慢性健康状况评分II(APACHE II)、临床肺部感染积分(CPIS),血清白介素-8(IL-8)、白介素-10(IL-10)及高迁移率蛋白B1(HMGB1)等炎性因子。结果 CPI组成功脱机率高于对照组(94.25%vs. 71.01%),VAP发生率及出ICU后30d内病死率低于对照组(22.99%vs. 46.38%,15.94%vs. 30.43%,P<0.05)。CPI组出现VAP时间多于对照组[(4.97±0.53)d vs.(3.59±0.38)d],机械通气时间、入住ICU时间及住院时间均少于对照组[(9.36±0.95)d vs.(12.86±1.47)d,(15.64±1.65)d vs.(19.08±2.43)d,(19.97±2.18)d vs.(28.75±3.19)d,P<0.05]。干预后,CPI组OI、SpO2均大于对照组[(357.98±37.93)mmHg vs.(326.97±34.75)mmHg,(99.78±10.19)%vs.(95.46±9.86)%],APACHE II、CPIS、IL-8、IL-10、HMGB1均低于对照组[(13.88±1.53)分vs.(15.96±1.75)分,(2.64±0.08)分vs.(3.21±0.34)分,(18.27±2.19)ng/L vs.(22.98±2.37)ng/L,(10.28±1.16)ng/L vs.(12.63±1.38)ng/L,(42.97±4.41)pg/mL vs.(50.86±5.18)pg/mL,P<0.05]。结论 CPI可有效促进STBI患者痰液排出,减少炎性因子生成,改善肺功能,降低VAP发生率,促进患者转归。     

创伤合并海水浸泡大鼠伤情评估评分方法研究

目的探讨并建立创伤合并海水浸泡大鼠伤情评估的评分方法,为创伤合并海水浸泡特殊环境下的伤情评估提供参考。方法将64只SD大鼠按照随机数字表法分为失血休克组和复合伤组,每组32只;每组又分为创伤合并海水浸泡组和单纯创伤组,每组16只。创伤合并海水浸泡组中失血休克模型置于15t海水中开始放血,失血量为全身血量30%,浸泡时间为1 h;复合伤模型致10%n度烧伤并沿腹正中线切开长约2 cm,再置于15t海水中,浸泡时间为1 h。记录大鼠死亡和存活时间,规定存活时间明显长于出水后4 h的记为存活,明显短于出水后4 h的记为死亡;比较创伤合并海水浸泡组和单纯创伤组在伤后9 h内各项生理指标(呼吸、血压、肛温)及动脉血气(血糖、pH值、血乳酸、动脉氧分压、动脉二氧化碳分压、碳酸氢根、钠离子、氯离子、钙离子、钾离子)变化;并根据所有创伤合并海水浸泡组大鼠出水后4 h的存活情况分为存活组及死亡组,筛选影响存活的指标,再建立各指标对应死亡率的散点图,通过散点图中各指标不同区间内的走向趋势进行评分,从而建立伤情评分表。结果创伤合并海水浸泡组总死亡率为28%(9/32),单纯创伤组总死亡率为6%(2/32)(P<0.05)。创伤合并海水浸泡组存活时间[(8.1±3.7)h]短于单纯创伤组[(11.3±4.8)h](P<0.05)。创伤合并海水浸泡组呼吸频率[(58.8±2.9)次/min]慢于单纯创伤组[(100.4±7.2)次/min],血压[(80.0±25.1)mmHg]低于单纯创伤组[(89.8±18.1)mmHg],肛温[22.4(20.1,25.0)咒]低于单纯创伤组[31.7(30.5,33.2)t],pH值(7.1±0.1)低于单纯创伤组(7.3±0.1),动脉氧分压[(196.3±34.1)mmHg]高于单纯创伤组](149.4±22.6)mmHg],动脉二氧化碳分压[45.5(35.1,51.I)mmHg高于单纯创伤组[29.7(25.6,34.5)mmHg],血钠[145(142,148)mmol/L:高于单纯创伤组[142(139,144)mmol/L],血氯[120(115,125)mmol/L]高于单纯创伤组[118(114,121)mmol/L],血钙[(1.3±0.1)mmol/L]高于单纯创伤组[(1.2±0.1)mmol/L],血钾[(3.6±0.8)mmol/L]高于单纯创伤组[(3.3±0.6)mmol/L](P均<0.05),其余指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)o死亡组呼吸[36(30,36)次/min]、血压[(43.1±21.8)mmHg]、肛温[(20.0±1.9)t]、pH值(7.1±0.1)、碳酸氢根[(12.3±2.2)mmol/L]较存活组[60(48,78)次/min、(86.6±19.3)mmHg、(23.0±3.1)t、7.2±0.1,(14.6±2.3)mmol/L]均明显抑制或下降(P均<0.05),其余指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。筛选出显著影响大鼠存活情况的呼吸、血压、肛温、pH值、碳酸氢根5个指标,根据不同区间所对应死亡率的高低,对该区间赋值,作为其对存活情况即对伤情轻重影响权重,建立创伤合并海水浸泡大鼠伤情评分表。伤情评分表评分<6分为无死亡,6~9分死亡率为50%,≥9分死亡率为71%,6分及9分为临界值,即可认为<6分为轻伤,6~9分为中度伤,≥9分为重度伤。结论海水浸泡后大鼠存活时间减少、早期死亡率增加,表现为呼吸抑制、失血更严重、严重低体温、严重代谢性酸中毒、水电解质紊乱(高钠、高氯、高钙、高钾血症)等。根据影响大鼠存活情况的呼吸、血压、肛温、pH值、碳酸氢根,采用散点图的方式可建立创伤合并海水浸泡大鼠伤情评分表。运用评分表预测死亡率与实际死亡率大致相符,故本伤情评分表对于创伤合并海水浸泡大鼠预后有较好的预测和提示。     

APACHEⅡ评分、动脉血乳酸及血清降钙素原与重症肺炎预后的相关性分析

目的探讨APACHE Ⅱ评分、动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原与重症肺炎预后之间的关系。方法分析2011--2013年住院82例重症肺炎的病例资料,统计出院时的死亡率、存活率,并根据患者存活与否将其分为存活组和死亡组,观察两组患者组间及组内APACHEII评分、动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原的动态变化。结果出院时重症肺炎患者的存活率为59.76%,死亡率为40.24%。存活组患者确诊重症肺炎时的APACHEⅡ评分、动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原分别为（21.85±6.50分）、（3.81±2.43 mmol/L）、（3.68±3.09 ng/mL）,而死亡组分别为（25.24±7.15分）、（5.42±3.76 mmol/L）、（5.48±4.15 ng/mL）,三者组间比较均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;存活组患者APACHEⅡ评分、动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原随住院天数的增加而降低,死亡组患者相反。APACHEⅡ评分与动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原呈正相关。存活组、死亡组治疗第3、7天后三组间相比,APACHE Ⅱ评分、动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原均具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论重症肺炎治疗后的APACHEⅡ评分及动脉血乳酸、血清降钙素原的动态变化情况,可作为患者病情及预后判断的参考之一。     

切开复位内固定联合韧带修复术治疗踝关节骨折合并三角韧带损伤的疗效及对骨代谢的影响

目的 探讨韧带修复联合切开复位内固定术(ORIF)治疗踝关节骨折合并三角韧带损伤的疗效及对骨代谢的影响。方法 采用前瞻性病例对照研究分析2015年5月—2018年5月中山市中医院骨二科收治的55例踝关节骨折合并三角韧带损伤患者的临床资料,通过随机数字表法分为观察组28例和对照组27例。两组均接受ORIF治疗,对照组术中不修补三角韧带,观察组术中使用锚钉修复三角韧带。比较两组围术期情况、VAS评分、美国矫形外科足踝协会(AOFAS)评分、骨代谢指标、临床疗效及并发症。结果观察组手术时间明显较对照组长[(110. 84±13. 61) min vs.(99. 16±9. 59) min],住院时间、骨折愈合时间明显较对照组短[(15. 64±2. 07) d vs.(18. 69±2. 42) d,(11. 36±1. 88)周vs.(13. 52±2. 04)周],P 0. 05;观察组术后1、3个月VAS评分均明显低于对照组[(3. 03±0. 56)分vs.(3. 62±0. 71)分,(1. 16±0. 20)分vs.(2. 23±0. 28)分,P 0. 5];术后6个月时,观察组AOFAS评分明显高于对照组[(86. 73±8. 60)分vs.(77. 50±7. 94)分](P 0. 05),且观察组血清骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、骨钙素(BGP)、1型前胶原氨基端延长肽(P1NP)明显高于对照组[(139. 34±16. 70) U/L vs.(110. 45±12. 36) U/L,(7. 45±1. 05)μg/L vs.(5. 98±0. 78)μg/L,(131. 46±12. 76)μg/L vs.(114. 74±10. 01)μg/L],血清β胶原降解产物(β-CTX)明显低于对照组[(0. 33±0. 05)μg/L vs.(0. 49±0. 06)μg/L],P 0. 05;观察组临床疗效优良率明显高于对照组(89. 29%vs. 77. 78%,P 0. 05);两组术后并发症总发生率差异无统计学意义(3. 57%vs. 3. 70%,P0. 05)。结论联合韧带修复在踝关节骨折合并三角韧带损伤患者ORIF治疗中疗效显著,可有效缓解术后疼痛,改善骨代谢,有助于促进骨质愈合及踝关节功能恢复,安全性好,值得应用推广。     

直接前方入路与后外侧入路全髋关节置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床效果分析

目的 研究直接前方入路(DAA)与后外侧入路(PLA)全髋关节置换(THA)治疗老年股骨颈骨折(FNF)的临床效果分析.方法 前瞻性研究2015年7月—2018年6月佳木斯大学附属第一医院骨科收治的老年FNF患者96例,男性52例,女性44例;年龄62～86岁,平均73.3岁.依据随机数字表法分为DAA组(n=48)与PLA组(n=48).观察并比较两组切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间及术后住院时间等围术期指标;髋臼前倾角、外展角等影像学指标;术后1、6、12个月髋关节Harris评分及外展肌力矩;术前、术后7d血清皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)等应激因子水平;VAS评分及血清前列腺素E2(PGE2)、缓激肽(BK)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)等疼痛因子水平以及术后并发症.结果 DAA组切口长度、术中出血量、术后住院时间、髋臼前倾角、髋臼外展角均少于PLA组[(10.48±1.16)cm vs.(13.39±1.42)cm,(229.96±24.57)mL vs.(352.76±36.85)mL,(11.89±1.34)d vs.(17.64±1.86)d,(21.54±2.25)°vs.(23.51±2.47)°,(37.98±3.93)°vs.(41.06±4.32)°],手术时间长于PLA组[(112.85±13.07)min vs.(90.38±9.22)min],P<0.05.术后1个月,DAA组髋关节Harris评分及外展肌力矩均高于PLA组[(82.39±8.41)分vs.(77.68±7.90)分,(0.23±0.04)Nm/kg vs.(0.16±0.02)Nm/kg,P<0.05];术后6个月,两组髋关节Harris评分及外展肌力矩差异均无统计学意义[(91.98±9.33)分vs.(90.79±9.28)分,(0.42±0.06)Nm/kg vs.(0.41±0.06)Nm/kg,P>0.05].术后12个月,两组髋关节Harris评分及外展肌力矩差异均无统计学意义[(93.64±9.47)分vs.(93.70±9.49)分,(0.53±0.07)Nm/kg vs.(0.52±0.06)Nm/kg,P>0.05].术后7d,DAA组VAS评分及血清Cor、NE、PGE2、BK、5-HT水平均低于PLA组[(149.88±16.69)nmol/L vs.(163.59±18.38)nmol/L,(236.49±25.48)pmol/L vs.(252.77±27.19)pmol/L,(132.44±14.96)pg/mL vs.(144.77±15.94)pg/mL,(5.41±0.56)μg/L vs.(5.84±0.60)μg/L,(136.78±15.42)ng/L vs.(148.55±16.45)ng/L,(4.83±0.52)分vs.(5.21±0.54)分,P<0.05].DAA组术后并发症发病率低于PLA组(2.08％vs.16.67％,P<0.05).结论 较PLA THA相比,DAA THA治疗老年FNF创伤小,可有效缓解机体应激,抑制疼痛因子生成,髋关节功能恢复良好,术后并发症发生率低.     

可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体在预测结肠破裂术后脓毒症及评估预后的作用

目的动态监测创伤性结肠破裂患者血清可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor,su PAR)水平,探讨此类患者术前血清su PAR水平与术后继发腹腔感染之间的关系;以及术后血清su PAR水平对其术后脓毒症严重程度的评估价值。方法安徽医科大学第二附属医院急诊外科2016年3月—2017年9月收治的创伤性结肠破裂患者55例,男性37例,女性18例,依据患者术后是否发生脓毒症,分非脓毒症组及脓毒症组;脓毒症组依据其严重程度分为脓毒症组和脓毒症休克组2组,分别于入院时及术后第24、48、72h检测血清su PAR、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平并行急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分,分析比较各指标之间的差异及对术后脓毒症的预测价值。结果脓毒症组患者入院时及术后血清su PAR均明显高于非脓毒症组,差异具有统计学意义[(4.63±3.19)ng/m L vs.(10.38±4.32)ng/m L,P0.05;(5.21±3.98)ng/m L vs.(12.47±4.87)ng/m L,P0.05];四个指标预测术后脓毒症的ROC曲线显示,入院时及术后24h两个时间点su PAR的预测价值均明显高于IL-6、CRP,略优于APACHEⅡ评分(AUC:0.873 and 0.809 vs.0.731 and 0.624,P0.05;AUC:0.867 and 0.814 vs.0.729 and 0.593,P0.05);脓毒症休克患者血清su PAR明显高于脓毒症患者[(14.48±3.99)ng/m L vs.(8.47±3.14)ng/m L,P0.05]。结论 (1)创伤性结肠破裂患者入院时血清su PAR水平对预测术后脓毒症有一定的预测价值;(2)术后血清su PAR水平对术后脓毒症严重程度有一定的评估作用。     

APACHEⅡ评分及氧合指数对急性呼吸窘迫综合征预后影响的分析

目的探讨APACHEⅡ评分及氧合指数(PaO2/F iO2)对急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者预后的影响。方法收集我院呼吸内科重症监护室(R ICU)30例ARDS患者临床资料,根据患者临床预后分为死亡组及存活组,比较患者APACHEⅡ评分及PaO2/F iO2变化对临床预后的影响。结果死亡20例,存活10例。死亡组与存活组患者的APACHEⅡ评分、PaO2/F iO2基础值(确诊时)比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。APACHEⅡ评分:死亡组与存活组治疗后第5、7天两组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。死亡组与存活组治疗后第5、7天与基础值比较,第7天与第3、5天比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。存活组患者第7天与第3天比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。死亡组患者APACHEⅡ评分随住院天数延长而增高,存活组则随住院天数延长而降低。PaO2/F iO2:死亡组与存活组治疗第3、5、7天两组比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。死亡组治疗后第5天PaO2/F iO2与基础值比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),而存活组患者则无明显改变。结论动态观察ARDS患者APACHEⅡ评分及氧合指数变化,有助于判断患者临床预后。     

镇静镇痛集束化护理策略对脑创伤后机械通气患者谵妄的影响

 目的 评价镇静镇痛集束化护理对脑创伤后机械通气患者谵妄的影响。方法 便利抽样法选取2017-04至2018-04转入神经重症ICU行机械通气的脑创伤患者90例,常规护理的同时,行镇静镇痛集束化护理措施(干预组)。另选择90例机械通气的脑创伤患者,行常规护理,作为对照组。记录患者年龄、性别、ICU住院时间、APACHEⅡ评分、谵妄发生率、机械通气时间、谵妄类型及持续时间。结果 两组患者的年龄、性别、机械通气时间,以及APACHEⅡ评分差异无统计学意义,干预组在ICU的住院时间与对照组比较显著缩短[(12.86±3.24)d vs(16.24±2.63) d,P<0.05];与对照组相比,干预组谵妄发生率明显降低(52% vs 66%,P<0.05),谵妄持续时间显著缩短[(3.27±0.59)d vs (4.79±0.52) d,差异有统计学意义,(P<0.05)],谵妄构成类型无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。结论 应用镇静镇痛集束化护理可减少机械通气脑创伤患者的谵妄持续时间及ICU住院时间,并降低谵妄发生率。     

跗骨窦入路与外侧L形切口入路治疗单侧 Sanders Ⅱ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的疗效比较

目的 探讨跗骨窦入路、外侧L形切口入路治疗单侧Sanders Ⅱ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2015年6月—2020年1月徐州医科大学附属连云港医院骨科收治的86例跟骨骨折患者.男性56例,女性30例;年龄42～70岁,平均53.5岁;致伤原因:高处坠落伤48例,道路交通伤38例.根据手术入路不同分为微创组(49例)和L形入路组(37例),微创组采用跗骨窦入路微创内固定术,L形入路组采用外侧L形切口入路内固定术.观察两组手术时间、骨折愈合时间、切口长度、术中出血量、切口愈合时间、术后住院时间,踝关节功能、疼痛程度,跟骨长度、高度、宽度、Bolher角、Gissane角及并发症.结果 微创组术中出血量[(34.15±6.98)mLvs.(52.35±8.01)mL、切口长度[(5.23±0.61)cm vs.(11.24±2.34)cm少于 L形入路组(P＜0.05),手术时间[(60.24±5.35)min vs.(73.64±9.02)min、切 口愈合时间[(9.24±2.35)dvs.(13.24±4.63)d、术后住院时间[(7.45±2.83)dvs.(10.47±4.59)d短于L形入路组(P＜0.05).微创组术后末次随访显示:美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分[(72.45±7.15)分vs.(67.24±6.49)分.Karls-son踝关节功能评分(KAFS)高于L形入路组[(73.56±7.04)分vs.(68.02±6.75)分,P＜0.05;视觉模拟评分(VAS)低于L形入路组[(0.95±0.11)分vs.(2.01±0.35)分,P＜0.05;跟骨长度、高度、宽度、Bolher角、Gissane角与L形入路组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).微创组并发症发生率低于L形入路组(4.08％vs.18.92％,P＜0.05).结论 与传统入路比较,跗骨窦入路微创内固定术可减少手术创伤,促使踝关节功能恢复,且并发症发生率低,在单侧Sanders Ⅱ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折治疗中更具优势.     

Dealing with cancer--conversations with radiotherapy patients

Thirty in-patients treated by radiotherapy were questioned in qualitative interviews about the information they had received from the physicians and their way to deal with the disease and the physicians. Furthermore 18 persons out of this group were accompanied continuously. The confidential relationships between the patients and the author of the study brought about spontaneous conversations showing some new aspects of the way to experience disease and therapy. Despite a poor prognosis and an initially insufficient information, the patients formulated their questions openly. Generally they desired a clearer communication. They criticized above all the lack of information and attention from the physicians. A need for confidence, frankness, and the conveyance of a justified hope was expressed. The physician's stress and resulting lack of time was complained of. During the time of accompanying which lasted several weeks, it became evident that information means a way to deal with the disease to which the patient can make his individual contribution. The majority of questions as well as emotional reactions as fear or depression came from those patients who seemed to be quiet persons.     

Radiochemotherapy with temozolomide for patients with glioblastoma

Background

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess long-term outcome and prognostic factors of unselected patients treated for glioblastoma (GB) at a single center with surgery, standard radiotherapy (RT), and concomitant temozolomide (TMZ). From 1999?C2005, the institutional protocol included surgery and RT with TMZ. From 2005 on, adjuvant TMZ was routinely added.

Patients and Methods

Between April 1999 and September 2009, 181 patients with GB were treated with RT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) and concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m²/day throughout RT). Biopsy only had been performed in 53 patients (29.3%), 128 patients (70.7%) had undergone resection, which was complete based on postoperative MRI in 51 patients (28.2%). Adjuvant TMZ was applied in 67 of 181 patients (37%).

Results

Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15.0 (95% CI, 13.1?C16.8) and 7.2 months (95% CI, 5.9?C8.5), respectively. After complete resection, partial/subtotal resection and biopsy, median OS was 23.20, 14.75, and 7.89 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, extent of resection (p < 0.0001), Karnofsky??s performance score (p < 0.0001) and adjuvant TMZ (p = 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. RT with concomitant TMZ was well tolerated in the majority of patients and could be completed as scheduled in 146 patients (80.7%), while 11 patients (6.1%) discontinued RT. Another 35 patients (19.3%) interrupted concomitant chemotherapy.

Conclusion

RT with concomitant TMZ is a feasible regimen with acceptable toxicity in routine practice. Our data are compatible with a beneficial effect of adjuvant TMZ on OS and PFS.     

湿润烧伤膏与手术联合治疗褥疮的护理

目的 :减少溃疡期褥疮的术前准备时间 ,缩短褥疮的总病程。方法 :将 1996年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月收住院的 4 2例溃疡期褥疮病人按随机原则分为 2组 ,2 1例术前用湿润烧伤膏纱换药处理 ,为A组 (试验组 ) ;2 1例用庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药处理 ,为B组 (对照组 )。 2组病例的年龄、性别、发病原因、病灶部位、病灶范围等经统计学处理 ,无显著性差别 ,有可比性。两组病人均换药至创面新鲜行皮瓣转移手术 ;比较两组平均术前换药时间 ,及换药 +手术的总住院日。术前术后两组患者均运用护理程序施行整体护理。结果 :A组术前平均换药时间为 8 4 9± 2 2 3天 ,B组为 15 6 0± 6 70天 ;A组平均治愈时间为 2 0 5 0± 4 81天 ,B组为 35 31± 7 70天。结论 :湿润烧伤膏换药与庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药比较 ,前者可明显缩短褥疮手术的术前准备时间及病人的总住院天数。     

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.5 and 2.0 sec; TE, 28 and 56 msec) of all patients and sagittal or coronal imaging of 18, were performed without knowledge of CT findings, using only plain radiographs as a guide. CT and MR studies were interpreted separately. CT and MR provided comparable information regarding the presence and size of mediastinal lymph nodes. MR better discriminated mediastinal nodes from vascular structures. However, in two of 11 patients who had multiple mediastinal lymph nodes that were normal in size at CT examination and surgery, MR suggested a confluent abnormal mass, probably because of its poorer spatial resolution. MR was superior to CT in showing enlarged hilar lymph nodes, but CT was better for demonstrating bronchial abnormalities. In three of four patients who had a proved hilar mass with distal obstructive pneumonia, MR (TR, 2.0 sec) helped distinguish between the mass and collapsed lung.     

臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例

2006年10月至2007年4月,我科采用引进的德国赫尔曼Medozon型臭氧发生装置系统产生的臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例,疗效满意.现报告如下.     

Tumor Burden Assessment with Positron Emission Tomography with

Objective: In patients with advanced cancer, total tumor burden affects the likelihood of tumor response and has important implications for prognosis. The aim of this study was to select the optimum 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET) tumor uptake parameter to accurately measure tumor burden in advanced metastatic renal cell cancer, in comparison with volumes measured with computed tomography (CT), as a reference test.Materials and Methods: Six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma measurable on CT were studied. CT and FDG PET scans were carried out on all patients within 4 weeks prior to their entry into a phase I-II radioimmunotherapy trial. CT-based evaluation of disease extent (tumor volume) and 4 PET-based measurements (standardized uptake value[SUVmax], SUVav, volume, and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were performed independently by a radiologist (VN) and a nuclear medicine physician (TA). The degree of correlation between conventional (CT) extent of disease and parameters describing tumor concentration of FDG was then determined.Results: Fifty-seven CT-measurable metastatic lesions in lung, abdomen, and scalp were evaluated in 6 patients. There was a high correlation between CT and FDG PET volume estimates for lesions greater than 5 cm(3) in size. However, a PET-derived parameter that embodies both FDG uptake and lesion size, the TLG, correlated better with CT-derived tumor volume than did FDG PET volume alone.Conclusion: Using CT volume as a gold standard, the optimal PET-based estimate of total tumor burden in patients with metastatic renal cancer is the sum over all lesions of the total lesion glycolysis.     

MEBO药纱门诊治疗烧(烫)伤71例的体会

作者报道用MEBO药纱敷盖门诊治疗烧（烫）伤71例，均获治愈。经随访1年，深Ⅱ度创面疤痕发生率为15％（3／20），浅Ⅲ度创面疤痕发生率为38．9％（7／18）。     

多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡81例临床观察

1995年 1月～ 1 998年 2月 ,我们采用多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡 (ＰＵ) ,并与雷尼替丁为对照组进行治疗观察 ,疗效满意 ,现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 81例ＰＵ均因上腹痛、返酸、腹胀及食欲不振等症状 ,经胃镜诊断为溃疡活动期患者。病程 2个月～ 5ａ,平均 1 7ａ。伴有焦虑、抑郁及夜眠欠佳等症者59例。随机分为 2组 :治疗组 4 1例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 8～ 3 6岁 ,平均 2 4岁。其中胃溃疡 1 1例 ,十二指肠球部溃疡 3 0例。对照组 4 0例 ,男 3 7例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 9～ 3 5岁 ,平均 2 4 5岁 ;胃溃疡 1 2…