NBR改性PVC/nano-CaCO3复合材料的研究

将NBR、PVC及纳米CaCO3熔融复合以增韧PVC/纳米CaCO3复合材料.研究了复合材料的力学性能、流变性能、热性能及微观形态.结果显示NBR对PVC/纳米CaCO3具有增韧效果,材料的断裂伸长率明显增大,PVC/NBR/nano-CaCO3为100/12/8时冲击强度最大,达到了30kJ/m2,比对应的单独纳米CaCO3增韧的PVC提高了大约27%.NBR能降低PVC/CaCO3复合材料的熔体黏度,复合材料加工性能改善.同时NBR的加入使得复合材料的玻璃化转变温度降低,热稳定性变差.扫描电镜照片显示,PVC/NBR/nano-CaCO3为100/12/8时,NBR的加入提高了CaCO3的纳米级分散程度,冲击断面出现了纤维状形变,使得复合材料的冲击强度提高.     

聚碳酸亚丙酯和聚氨酯弹性体复合材料制备及其性能的研究

本实验采用熔融共混的方式制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)/聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)复合材料。通过红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、微机控制电子万能试验机、悬臂梁冲击试验机、差示量热扫描分析仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TG)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、熔体质量流动速率仪、转矩流变仪对共混物的微观形态、相容性、热稳定性、力学性能等进行了研究。结果表明:共混体系中材料的相容性较好,聚氨酯弹性体的引入提高了复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能,当聚氨酯弹性体的质量分数为40%时,共混物的拉伸强度达到23.5 MPa,提高了约13 MPa;5%分解温度Tb5为353.3℃,较PPC提高了104.6℃。     

ABS/石墨/NBR导热复合材料性能的研究

采用熔融共混法制备丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)/石墨/丁腈橡胶(NBR)导热复合材料,通过热常数分析仪、同步热分析仪、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等手段研究了NBR、ABS高胶粉及石墨(G)的添加量对ABS复合材料导热性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,ABS高胶粉和NBR均能明显提高ABS的热导率和缺口冲击强度,但是丁腈胶粉的改性效果优于高胶粉。以NBR作为ABS复合材料的增韧剂,随着石墨含量的增大,增韧效果下降,ABS复合材料的热导率提高到纯ABS的5倍,热分解温度提高40℃左右,热膨胀系数下降。当ABS/G/NBR复合材料的质量比为60/15/25时,其热导率为纯ABS的2倍,缺口冲击强度达21.8 kJ/m2,明显高于纯ABS(2.6kJ/m2)。     

PVC与纳米碳酸钙复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、冲击强度等力学参数对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/纳米CaCO3复合材料进行评价,并结合热重差示扫描量热仪、扫描电镜对复合材料的热稳定性和断面结构进行表征.结果表明:采用超声分散方法,选用NDZ-311/SG-Al 821复合改性剂改性的纳米CaCO3明显提高了PVC基复合材料的缺口冲击强度、断裂伸长率和热稳定性;当纳米CaCO3填充质量分数达15%时,PVC/纳米CaCO3复合材料的缺口冲击强度达22.34 kJ/m2,比未填充纳米CaCO3的提高了60.5%;当纳米CaCO3填充质量分数不高于20%时,用超声技术改性纳米CaCO3能很好地分散在PVC基体中.     

改性碳纳米管共沉淀处理及其在聚氯乙烯复合材料中的应用

首先采用共沉淀法制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/改性碳纳米管(CNTs)初产物(PVC包覆的改性CNTs粒子),然后将其与PVC经双辊塑炼及压制成型得到该初产物的PVC复合材料,并测试了该复合材料的力学性能和电性能。结果表明:随着改性CNTs用量的增加,PVC/改性CNTs复合材料的表面电阻率逐渐降低,而缺口冲击强度则先增后减,与空白样相比,当改性CNTs用量为1份时,复合材料的导电性和缺口冲击强度均有显著改善;另外改性CNTs经过共沉淀处理后,所得PVC/改性CNTs复合材料的导电性有所降低,但是改性CNTs在PVC基体中的分散性则有所改善,复合材料的缺口冲击强度明显提高。     

聚丙烯酸酯/纳米碳酸钙复合增韧PVC的研究

制备了复合增韧改性剂聚丙烯酸酯/纳米CaCO3(PA-C),并将其用于硬质聚氯乙烯(PVC)中,以研究其增韧效果.使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了复合材料的微观结构,并测试了复合材料的力学性能.结果表明:PA-C均匀分散于PVC基体中;当在PVC中添加10份PA-C时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度达到88.2kJ/m2,冲击强度和弯曲模量明显增大,拉伸强度未明显降低;SEM照片显示PA-C有效地引发了PVC基体产生塑性形变,有利于能量的吸收.     

扩链剂对PPC/PBS共混体系性能的影响

通过熔融共混方法制备了PPC/PBS材料,通过机械性能、DSC、TG、SEM研究了PBS、扩链剂的加入量对共混体系力学性能、结晶性能、热稳性能、微观形貌的影响。结果表明:PBS的加入提高了PPC的拉伸强度、热稳定性能;扩链剂的加入提高了PPC/PBS共混体系的拉伸强度、非缺口冲击强度和热稳定性能。     

活性高岭土和NBR复合增韧PVC/CPE体系的性能研究

采用高温煅烧和偶联剂改性方法获得活性高岭土 ,并将其与NBR、PVC、CPE进行共混实验。分别对不同配方复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度和熔体粘度及加工塑化时间进行了测定。结果表明适量的活性高岭土不仅具有填充性能 ,而且与NBR能复合增韧增强PVC/CPE体系 ,并改善加工性能 ,当活性高岭土 /NBR/CPE/PVC =16 /8/4/10 0左右 ,复合材料在成本、力学性能和加工性能方面表现出较好的综合性能。     

活性高岭土的NBR复合增韧PVC／CPE体系的性能研究

采用高温煅烧和偶联剂改性方法获得活性高岭土,并将其与NBR、PVC、CPE进行共混实验。分别对不同配方复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度和熔体粘度及加工塑化时间进行了测定。结果表明适量的活性高岭土不仅具有填充性能,而且与NBR能复合增韧增强PVC／CPE体系,并改善加工性能,当活性高岭土／NBR／CPE／PVC＝16／8／4／100左右,复合材料在成本、力学性能和加工性能方面表现出较好的综合性能。     

PVC/MBS/埃洛石纳米管复合材料的制备及其性能

采用熔融共混法制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)/埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)三元复合材料,研究了HNTs对PVC/MBS共混体系力学性能、热性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:HNTs与MBS可协同增韧PVC,使复合材料的强度和刚性得到改善,当HNTs的填充量为3 phr时,PVC/MBS(100/3)共混体系的冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了57.7%、12.1%、7.6%和45.9%;其冲击断面呈现韧性断裂特征;TEM观察结果发现,HNTs在PVC/MBS共混体系中具有良好的分散状态;热失重分析显示,HNTs对PVC/MBS共混体系热稳定性的提高能起到一定作用。     

石墨烯/碱式硫酸镁晶须/PVC复合材料的制备及性能表征

以改进的Hummers法制备还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),以RGO和碱式硫酸镁晶须(MHSHw)为填料,采用机械球磨法制备RGO/MHSHw/PVC复合粉料,经平板硫化机热压成型得三相复合板材。考察了RGO和MHSHw对复合材料电阻率、阻燃性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:RGO具有很好的片层结构和导电性;当MHSHw添加量为5%,RGO添加量为1%时,RGO/MHSHw/PVC复合板材的表面电阻率为4×106Ω/square,比纯PVC下降8个数量级,达到了商业抗静电效果,拉伸强度达到最大值17.61 MPa,比纯PVC提高了44.04%,复合板材氧指数>33%,具有阻燃性能,得到力学性能优良兼具有抗静电和阻燃性能的复合材料。     

Fusion,electrical conductivity,thermal, and mechanical properties of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/carbon black (CB) composites

Rigid and conductive poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/carbon black (CB) composites were prepared in a Haake torque rheometer. The results illustrate that the fusion torque of the PVC/CB composite is increased as the amount of CB is increased. Both the fusion percolation threshold and the fusion time of PVC/CB composites are decreased when the amount of CB is increased. Two major weight loss stages are observed in the TGA curve of PVC/CB composite. The first thermal degradation onset temperature (T_onset1) of PVC/CB composite is decreased as the amount of CB is increased. Both the first and second weight loss stages (ΔY₁ and ΔY₂) of PVC/CB composites are decreased as the amount of CB is increased. The surface resistivity of PVC/CB composite remains almost constant up to 6 parts per hundred unit weight of resin (phr) CB. When the amount of CB in PVC/CB composite is increased from 6 to 15 phr, the surface resistivity of PVC/CB composite is dramatically decreased from 10¹⁰ Ω/sq to 10⁴ Ω/sq. Because of the addition of CB, the rigidity of PVC/CB composite is increased and thus the mechanical properties, such as yield strength, tensile strength, and the Young's modulus, are improved. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006     

抗静电半硬质PVC材料的制备及性能

通过SEM、拉伸断裂行为、表面电阻、DMA(动态热机械分析)和维卡软化温度测试,研究了半硬质PVC/炭黑(CB)材料力学性能、电性能、热性能和微观形态。结果表明:随着炭黑添加量增加,PVC/CB的导电性能和拉伸强度提高,而体系的断裂伸长率降低。当炭黑添加量仅为4份时,PVC/CB即有逾渗现象发生,表面电阻大幅度降低。当炭黑的添加量为7份时,材料的表面电阻降至1×105Ω,即可满足矿山材料抗静电的要求,而材料的综合力学性能良好。炭黑可使PVC材料的玻璃化转变温度向高温区域移动,材料的耐热性能提高。     

Friction and wear properties of NBR/PVC composites

Acrylonitrial butadiene rubber (NBR)/Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites with different PVC content were prepared. The effect of PVC content on the mechanical strength and tribological properties of the NBR/PVC composites was investigated. The morphologies of the worn traces and debris of NBR/PVC composites and worn traces of mating ball were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that the friction and wear of NBR/PVC was lower than that of NBR without PVC. The NBR/PVC composite with 30% PVC content showed the best synthetic mechanical and tribological properties. The inferior elastic properties and the lesser deformation under the applied load of composites with PVC resulted in hysteric force and adhesion force decrease, which leading to a lower friction and wear of NBR/PVC composites. The frictional failure unit of NBR70/PVC30 composite being smaller should be an important reason of the wear of the composite being lowest. The lubricating effect of PVC played an important role in decreasing the friction coefficient and wear of NBR/PVC composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

沥青基短切碳纤维/导电炭黑/丁腈橡胶复合材料的结构与性能研究

研究导电炭黑VXC72及沥青基短切碳纤维(CF)用量对丁腈橡胶(NBR)物理性能、导热及导电性能的影响。结果表明,随着导电炭黑VXC72用量的增大,NBR胶料和CF/NBR复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、定伸应力和热导率逐渐增大,体积电阻率逐渐降低,而且CF/NBR硫化胶的50%、100%定伸应力和热导率比NBR硫化胶有不同程度提高。当导电炭黑VXC72用量相同时,随着CF用量的增大,复合材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和拉断伸长率先减小后增大,热导率基本呈线性增加,体积电阻率明显降低。     

碳纳米管/HDPE复合材料的制备及性能研究

将酸化处理以后的碳纳米管（CNTs）与高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）复合，采用机械共混法制备了定向CNTs／HDPE复合材料，并对其力学性能、相态结构、流变性能及热性能进行了研究。结果表明：CNTs的加入，提高了复合材料的屈服强度和拉伸模量，但同时却降低了材料的断裂强度和断裂伸长率；CNTs在HDPE基体中有了较好的分散性和相容性；CNTs的加入对复合材料流变性能产生了较大的影响，加入少量的CNTs可以使复合材料体系的表观粘度降低，有利于HDPE加工性能的改善；CNTs加入后，HDPE的熔融温度和结晶熔融焓均有所下降。     

Natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber/hindered phenol composites with high-damping properties

New natural rubber (NR)/nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/hindered phenol (AO-80) composites with high-damping properties were prepared in this study. The morphological, structural, and mechanical properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), polarized Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA), and a tensile tester. Each composite consisted of two phases: the NR phase and the NBR/AO-80 phase. There was partial compatibility between the NR phase and the NBR/AO-80 phase, and the NR/NBR/AO-80 (50/50/20) composite exhibited a co-continuous morphology. Strain-induced crystallization occurred in the NR phase at strains higher than 200%, and strain-induced orientation appeared in the NBR/AO-80 phase with the increase of strain from 100% to 500%. The composites had a special stress–strain behavior and mechanical properties because of the simultaneous strain-induced orientation and strain-induced crystallization. In the working temperature range of a seismic isolation bearing, the composites (especially the NR/NBR/AO-80 (50/50/20) composite) presented a high loss factor, high area of loss peak (TA), and high hysteresis energy. Therefore, the NR/NBR/AO-80 rubber composites are expected to have important application as a high-performance damping material for rubber bearing.     

机械共混法制备丁腈橡胶/聚氯乙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构及性能

用机械共混法将4种牌号的有机蒙脱土(OMMT)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)/聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混,制备了纳米复合材料,并对其微观结构、硫化特性、力学性能以及耐油性进行了考察.结果表明,该复合材料具有插层型结构;4种牌号的OMMT均能提高共混胶的硫化速率,且能提高纳米复合材料的力学性能,其中牌号为FMR 11的OMMT增强效果最好,当其用量为6份时,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度比纯胶提高了49.96%,撕裂强度提高了36.9%,扯断伸长率也有所提高;随着OMMT用量的增加,纳米复合材料的耐油性逐渐提高.     

The effect of blending sequence on the structure and properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/chicken eggshell powder composites

The effect of the blending sequence of poly(vinyl chloride)/chicken eggshell powder (PVC/ESP) composites on the processing, mechanical properties, morphology, and thermal decomposition were investigated. The compounding of composites was done by using a Rheomix mixture internal mixer at 180°C and a rotor speed of 30 rpm for 10 min to allow the mixing torque to reach a steady state. The mechanical and morphological properties of PVC/ESP composites under different blending sequences have been characterized by a lightweight tensile tester and scanning electron microscopy. The thermal stability and thermal analysis of the composites were performed by thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analysis. Good interfacial adhesion between filler and matrix in composites prepared via blending sequence 2 has improved the tensile strength and thermal stability of the PVC/ESP composite compared with blending sequence 1 as proved from scanning electron microscopy results on the tensile fracture surface of the composites. Thermogravimetric analysis results show that blending sequence 2 exhibited higher thermal stability comparable with blending sequence 1. In addition, the differential scanning calorimetric analysis results illustrate that the composites prepared via blending sequence 2 exhibit higher melting and crystallization temperature values compared with composites prepared via blending sequence 1. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 23:298–304, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

黑液-蒙脱土/聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶热塑性弹性体的制备及性能研究

采用蒙脱土对造纸黑液中的木质素进行絮凝沉淀,制备黑液-蒙脱土复合物(BL-MMT),然后将其应用于聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶(PVC/NBR)热塑性弹性体,并对其力学性能、耐老化性能及热降解性能进行测试。结果表明:随着BL-MMT中木质素蒙脱土比例增大,热塑性弹性体力学性能先增大后减小,适宜配比m(木质素)∶m(蒙脱土)=1∶1。BL-MMT份数增大,热塑性弹性体力学性能先增大后减小,20份时出现最大值。BL-MMT填充的PVC/NBR热塑性弹性体与添加炭黑和碳酸钙相比,力学性能和热性能相当,而耐老化性能更为优越。黑液-蒙脱土复合物可望用作PVC/NBR热塑性弹性体的补强剂。