反应性阳离子聚氨酯对羊绒针织物起球性能的影响

以自制的反应性阳离子水性聚氨酯对纯羊绒针织物进行抗起毛起球整理,研究整理剂对纯羊绒针织物整理效果及其服用性能的影响。研究结果表明：在整理剂最佳的应用工艺下（整理剂质量浓度50g/L、浴比1：35、整理液pH5.5、40℃下处理20min、100℃烘干）,可显著提高羊绒针织物的抗起毛起球性能,其起毛起球等级从2.0级提高到4.0级,且织物的手感和白度等风格不受整理剂的影响。     

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF A NEW ANTIFELTING RESIN FOR WOOL FABRICS

In this paper,a new resin called Resin M for imparting antifelting properties to wool fabricshas been studied.Resin M may be used by aqueous oxidative/polymer technique.It is provedthat Oxidant A/Resin M treatment can satisfy the machine washable requirement formulated byI.W.S..Resin M is a good agent for antifelting treatment of wool fabrics with proper pretreatment.Oxidant A/Resin M treatment has little influence on dyeing and moisture adsorption properties ofwool fibers.The pilling resistance of the treated fabrics is higher than that of the untreated ones.The strength and the handle of the treated fabrics have little been changed.According to thescanning electron microscope observations,it is recommended that the polymer encapsulation ofindividual fiber also plays an important role in the felting resistance of the treated fabrics though itis well known that the shrink resistance of the treated fabrics is believed to be due to the binding offibers.     

基于等离子体处理的羊毛织物易护理整理

基于等离子体处理的羊毛织物防缩抗皱整理.探求一种新的生产方法,即毛织物经等离子体处理后,其防缩性、抗皱性、防污性都有所提高,再经过整理剂整理,对毛织物损伤小,整理效果明显改善.     

PRIMARY APPLICATION OF THE WATER SOLUBLE POLYURETHANE (WPU) TO PROTEIN FABRICS

The primary application of the water soluble polyurethane (WPU) in protein fabrics was investigated. Both WCRA (wet crease recovery angle ) and DCRA ( dry crease recovery angle ) of silk fabrics finished with WPU were increased, and the other properties were only slightly influenced. As a formaldehyde - free silk finishing agent, WPU was proved to have a great future. The felting shrinkage ratio of wool fabrics treated by only WPU was reduced to 12.5% from 36.7%. On the basis of Oxidation/ Resin process, the felting shrinkage ratio of treated wool was 8.7%, and almost reached "Machine washable" level.     

Principles and Chief Technologies in Developing Light-weighted Worsted Fabrics

More and more light-weighted fabrics are being required by the market, especially for the worsted manufacture. In the past, such fabrics are produced mainly through changing the structure of woven goods or by using finer yarns. But these possibilities are very limited. In this paper, new devices are discussed: (1) on the yarn level - to use single yarns instead of conventional doubled ones, to decrease number of fibers in yarn cross sections both during spuming and after finishing; (2) on the fiber level - to use finer fibers in blends with wool and modification of the wool fibers; (3) on the macromolecule level - to stretch the macromolecules in alpha keratin, to get super fine wool fibers.     

纳米ZnO对涤纶织物抗紫外线整理

应用钛酸酯偶联剂对ZnO纳米粉进行了表面改性，使用改性后的纳米ZnO处理涤纶织物，测试了涤纶织物的紫外线透过性能及对亚甲基蓝的光催化能力，借助SEM、DSC和FT-IR等测试手段，对ZnO纳米粉和涤纶纤维与偶联剂的结合性能进行了表征与分析。试验结果表明，在偶联剂作用下，涤纶织物经纳米粉处理，抗紫外线能力得到增强，ZnO纳米粉为薄片状结构，主要分布在涤纶纤维之间，偶联剂与纳米粉发生了偶联结合，而纳米粉通过偶联剂以物理吸附方式附着在涤纶纤维表面。     

纳米改性氢氧化铝(CG-ATH)表面处理工艺对纳米 CG-ATH/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响

用偶联剂对纳米改性氢氧化铝（CG-ATH）进行了表面处理,制备出纳米CG-ATH/PA6复合材料。研究了偶联剂用量、偶联剂种类及CG-ATH的改性温度对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：填充表面处理后的CG-ATH,可以大幅提高复合材料的力学性能;填充用A₁偶联剂表面处理,偶联剂质量分数为1.0%,改性温度为75～80℃条件下处理的CG-ATH,得到的复合材料的力学性能最好;表面处理明显提高了CG-ATH在PA6中的分散性。     

Research on the Dyeing and Finishing Properties of Wool Treated with Chitosan

The dyeing and finishing properties of wool treated with chitosan were studied. It was shown that chitosan can be absorbed by wool in an acetic acid bath, both dyeing rate and equilibrium dye uptake of wool treated with chitosan increase in a wide pH range from strong acid to neutral conditions. This work also indicated that chitosan could be used to achieve feltproofing of wool.     

Synthesis of Aminolaurylpyridinium Chloride as Antimicrobial Agent

4-amino-laurylpyridinium chloride (ALPC) was synthesized and employed in antimicrobial finishing of wool fabrics. The structures of the salt was fully characterized by using FTIR, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR analysis. The effects of pH conditions of finishing baths, finishing time and temperature, and salt concentrations were investigated. ALPC could form ionic interactions with anionic groups on wool, which contribute to durable antimicrobial functions. The finished wool fabrics exhibited antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli. The washing durability of antimicrobial functions on the finished wool fabrics was also studied.     

Preparation,Structure and Performances of Cross-Linked Regenerated Cellulose Fibers

Cross-linked regenerated cellulose fibers(CRCFs) were prepared by wet spinning firstly and then treated by high temperature curing. Cellulose dissolved in ionic liquid together with wrinkle proofing agent and cross-linking agent was employed as spinning solution. The properties and structure of CRCFs were investigated. Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis show that CRCFs were prepared successfully and the crystal form of the fibers remained the same before and after cross-linking. The results indicate that CRCFs prepared in this study possess more excellent wrinkle recovery ability and wash durability than those treated by finishing process.     

羊毛纬平针织物抗起毛起球整理与性能

选用一种低温环保型水性丙烯酸酯共聚乳液,对羊毛纬平针织物进行了抗起毛起球的整理,研究了整理剂质量浓度、浴比、时间、温度4个因子对羊毛纬平针织物整理效果的影响.根据正交实验得出较优工艺参数为:整理剂质量浓度30g/L、浴比1:35、温度50℃、时间30min.经该工艺整理后可提高羊毛纬平针织物的抗起毛起球性能和织物强力.     

纳米整理剂在纺织品功能整理中的应用

用纳米氧化锌与水溶性聚氨酯配制功能整理剂,其中粒径100nm以下的纳米氧化锌粒子达到95.22%.研究其对棉、丝织物抗皱、抗紫外线及抗菌的性能,结果表明:整理后的棉、丝织物回复角提高,抗皱性改善,且有较好的强力及白度保持率;经纳米氧化锌水溶性聚氨酯整理剂整理的纯棉织物,10次水洗后的紫外防护因子(UPF)等级达到50 ,整理剂放置30d后,再经轧烘焙整理织物的UPF保持率分别为95.39%和95.11%,UPF等级保持不变,整理后的棉织物有明显的抗大肠杆菌抑菌圈.     

Influence of Thermal Treatment on the Structure and Thermal Properties of Kaolin Modified Polyester Fibers

Modified polyester fibers were obtained using 2% and 6% of kaolin blends through melt spinning.The influences of two thermal treatments maintaining the original tension(180 ℃×2 min and 200 ℃×1 min)on the structure and properties of fiber were compared.The changes of grain size and crystallinity of fiber were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The changes of thermal properties of fibers were analyzed using dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA).The results show that the crystalline structure of kaolin modified polyester fiber doesn't change with the thermal treatment.With the kaolin content increasing,the grain size of fiber changed.The higher the thermal treatment temperature is,the higher the crystallinity of fiber is.There are two glass-transition temperatures for kaolin modified:the lower one is the glass-transition temperature of polyester fiber matrix,and the higher one is derived from the heterogeneous blend of polyester matrix and nano kaolin.The higher the kaolin content is,the higher the glass-transition temperature is.Thermal treatment could increase the compatibility of polyester matrix and nano kaolin.There was only one glass-transition temperature for the thermal treatment fiber,and the heat resistance of fiber was improved.Thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry(TGA-DSC)results of kaolin modified polyethylene terephthalate(PET)matrix indicate that the decomposition temperature of PET fibers,kaolin modified PET fibers,and thermal treated fibers were little different within 40%-60% of weight loss rate range.     

β-环糊精与六种不同纤维接枝反应历程的研究

根据β-环糊精(β-CD)分子形态和空腔的结构特性,分析和探讨了β-CD与6种不同纤维的反应历程,分别为:通过以环氧基为交联桥,制备β-CD接枝纤维素纤维;采用β-CD和1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸对羊毛织物进行接枝研究;利用含磺酸基的β-CD对聚酰胺纤维进行改性,将β-CD接枝到聚酰胺纤维上;选用乙二醛或戊二醛为交联剂改性壳聚糖生成交联结构并接枝到壳聚糖纤维上;以邻碘酰基苯甲酸为氧化剂合成环糊精单醛,在弱酸性的条件下通过还原氨化反应接枝到蚕丝纤维上;利用β-CD与多元羧酸反应所得的共聚物接枝聚酯纤维.     

高温热湿处理羊毛纤维的微观结构与性能研究

本文研究了羊毛纤维经高温蒸汽及高温水煮处理后的吸湿性能与拉伸性能的变化．采用扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射仪，分析了羊毛纤维经高温热湿处理后微观结构形态及结晶度．结果表明，经不同温度及时间的蒸汽、水煮处理后，羊毛纤维的吸湿性能出现不规律的变化，而纤维的拉仲强力及伸长则降低；经高温热湿处理后，羊毛纤维的鳞片遭到破坏，纤维结晶指数下降．     

兔羊毛机织物起球特点与影响因素探讨

起球是影响织物服用性能的主要因素之一。本文采用YG502型园轨迹织物起毛起球仪,对50/50兔羊毛机织物进行磨球,并通过投影显微镜观察磨球次数与球体结构形态、球体密度和数量的关系,同时,就起球的影响因素,包括茸毛高度、定型程度、以及化学树脂整理剂及柔软剂进行研究。显微镜观察发现,50/50兔羊毛机织物球体中2/3以上纤维是兔毛纤维,而球芯则以较粗的羊毛纤维为多。为综合考虑球体大小、数量和纤维纠缠密度对感官的影响,提出了起球程度评价指标——等价面积值,其较传统五级分类法更为客观,准确。 对织物起球过程的研究表明,由茸毛转为球体的临界磨球次数为10～20次;磨球20～200次是球体大量形成时期;之后球体形成减少;磨球1000次以后落球开始。此规律可由起球曲线反映。试样经优化处理后,其起球曲线变化趋势基本不变,但绝对值与相对变化率均较原样对应值为小。 本研究显示定形与起球关系不明显;降低绒毛高度、添加一定浓度的树脂对减少起球效果明显,柔软剂的添加则可增加起球机会。此实验结果对生产上正确应用剪毛工艺、树脂和柔软剂添加与保持优良织物外观和手感的关系处理具有重要的指导意义。     

拉伸-定型处理对毛发鳞片层改性的异同比较(Herbig反应)

人发及羊毛等角蛋白纤维经拉伸-定型处理后，其漂白性能、染色性能以及反应性等发生一定的变化。通过Herbig反应研究了拉伸-定型处理对毛发纤维鳞片层改性的规律，比较了拉伸-定型处理对人发及羊毛纤维改性作用的不同，从而探讨了拉伸-定型处理对毛发纤维改性的机理。结果表明，拉伸-定型处理对毛发纤维鳞片表层的破坏作用不大，而使表层以下的鳞片层部分发生较大的改性。     

氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的结构及性能研究

采用氢氧化钠和双氧水溶解羊毛制得可溶性角蛋白溶液,再对经高碘酸钠选择性氧化的棉纤维进行处理.研究了氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的结构和力学性能.结果表明,氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后产生增重,同时在纤维表面吸附成膜,红外光谱表明角蛋白与氧化棉纤维之间形成共价结合,且氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的力学性能基本不变.     

酶复合整理改善羊毛织物的防缩性能

为解决单独用蛋白酶处理羊毛织物时防缩效果不明显且强力降低的问题,提出用碱性蛋白酶对羊毛织物进行处理,部分去除羊毛纤维的鳞片,在此基础上再用谷氨酰胺转胺酶对羊毛进行处理,实现羊毛纤维蛋白质分子之间的交联.扫描了整理前后羊毛织物的红外光谱图,这种酶复合整理工艺使得羊毛织物的防缩性能显著改善,而强力和伸长性能基本保持不变,从而更具应用价值.     

纳米粒子均匀分散超高相对分子质量聚乙烯冻胶纤维的制备

将纳米粒子均匀分散于萃取荆中，在萃取阶段将其加入到超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维中，对其进行改性。通过表面扫描电镜(SEM)，萃取液粘度和冻胶纤维萃取除油率的测定，研究了纳米粒子在UHMWPE冻胶纤维中的分散情况及纳米粒子的加入对冻胶纤维萃取过程的影响。结果表明：在萃取过程中，纳米粒子可以扩散进入冻胶纤维中并可在冻胶纤维中达到纳米级均匀分散；纳米粒子的加入使萃取剂粘度增加，对UHMWPE冻胶纤维的萃取速率变慢。