翻边系数及材料参数对空调面板成形的影响

用DYNAFORM软件对空调面板零件的成形过程进行了有限元模拟.研究分析了圆孔翻边系数和材料参数对翻边成形的最大应变值和厚度减薄率的影响规律,建立了翻边系数与材料参数的关系.研究结果对翻边成形的选材具有重要的意义.     

2024铝合金异形孔渐进成形工艺研究

目的 研究材料的渐进成形翻边性能。方法 使用一种硬铝合金AA2024-O,进行渐进成形圆孔翻边实验和异形孔翻边实验,并且研究了不同成形路径的多道次渐进成形对异形孔翻边零件的影响。结果 AA2024-O渐进成形翻边的极限翻边系数是0.89,材料渐进成形的翻边成形性能高于冲压翻边成形性能;异形孔翻边零件各段的高度和减薄率存在差异。结论 压缩类翻边区域和直线段翻边区域的翻边高度较高,减薄率较小,不易发生破裂;而内曲圆弧部分属于伸长类翻边,在厚度方向减薄严重,容易破裂;内曲圆弧半径越小,变形越大,越容易破裂;成形角改变的多道次异形孔翻边件破裂严重,而成形深度改变的多道次异形孔翻边件质量比单道次翻边的翻边件质量要好。     

双辊夹持板料旋压成形过程塑性变形行为的研究

双辊夹持式板料旋压成形是用来加工薄壁回转体法兰零件的新工艺。为了研究其旋压成形过程中的塑性变形行为,利用ABAQUS软件建立了双辊夹持旋压成形过程的三维有限元模型,并进行了薄壁回转体法兰零件的旋压成形过程的数值模拟,获得了成形过程中等效应力、应变及壁厚的分布。研究了翻边长度对成形件应力应变及壁厚减薄率的影响规律。结果表明等效应力、应变及最大壁厚减薄率均随着翻边长度的增大而增大,由此根据不同的毛坯材料可以确定相应的最大翻边长度。     

高档餐盒复合模设计

通过对餐盒零件的分析,确定了零件冲压成形的工艺方案,设计了一副高精度的复合模,解决了在冲压过程中零件材料薄易起皱等问题.论述了模具的结构设计及工作过程,模具采用气压装置提供压边力,提高了毛坯的成形性能,并设计了新型卷边工艺,提高了零件的成品率,实现了该零件生产的顺利进行.     

加强板翻边模具结构设计及工作过程的探究

加强板翻边成形对于产品的生产质量和生产效率至关重要,本文笔者结合具体案例,在分析加强板翻边成形工艺和工作原理的基础上,对加强板翻边模具工作过程进行了深人的探讨,结果表明所设计的翻边成形工艺方案切实可行,具有较高的参考价值。     

TC4钛合金轮圈热旋成形技术研究

针对TC4钛合金轮圈的结构特点,设计了钛合金轮圈热旋的模具结构,研究了TC4钛合金的热变形特性,分析了钛合金热旋翻边过程成形缺陷的产生原因,最终获得了钛合金轮圈的合理热旋工艺.研究表明,采用分瓣组合模具是成形钛合金车轮合理的模具结构方案,热旋工艺参数对钛合金轮圈的成形质量有显著的影响.TC4钛合金轮圈的适宜翻边温度为600~700℃,采用略小于坯料壁厚的间隙(小于坯料壁厚的10%左右)及较小的进给比(f≈0.1 mm/r)可有效防止翻边起皱和开裂.直边较短的轮圈采用直线轨迹可一道次翻边成形.     

排气管法兰成形工艺及模具设计

分析了排气管法兰的结构特点及技术要求,确定了该零件的复合冲压成形工艺方案,即外缘翻边、拉深、冲孔、圆孔翻边。设计的复合模先后完成以上冲压工序。详细介绍了复合模具的结构特点、工作过程、设计要点及注意事项。经实际生产验证,该模具显著提高了生产效率和产品质量,给企业带来了显著的经济效益。     

B550CL高强钢轮辐反拉深-翻边复合成形损伤开裂研究

针对高强钢汽车轮辐在实际生产过程中经常出现反拉深-翻边复合工序中中心孔翻边开裂这一问题,采用有限元数值模拟的方法,建立了有限元模型,并通过试制轮辐验证其可靠性.模拟获得了新型高强钢材料B550CL在用于轮辐翻边成形时的应力应变的分布和变化规律,并进一步对轮辐的损伤和壁厚分布情况进行了分析.研究表明:反拉深-翻边复合工序中翻边区在成形过程中应力应变集中明显,变形量较大;同时,材料的损伤和壁厚减薄在翻边区域也比较严重,导致实际成形中翻边区可能出现开裂等缺陷.     

表针冲裁模具设计

针对表针零件的冲压模具设计,介绍落料、冲孔、翻边复合模具的设计步骤。其主要内容包括:大量的公式计算和直观的插图说明以及简明的文字阐述。具体地阐述落料、冲孔、翻边复合模具从冲压零件的工艺分析、模具的设计再到模具的制造全部过程。     

汽车盘体零件小飞边模锻成形工艺开发及数值分析

汽车盘体零件通常采用机加工成形或者两步锻造成形(预锻+终锻),而机加工成形的效率和材料使用率较低、两步锻造成形的设备及模具成本较高,因此对该盘体零件的一步锻造成形的可行性进行了研究。根据汽车盘体零件的结构特征,设计了3种不同形式的飞边槽结构,并通过有限元分析软件Deform-3D分别进行了建模及数值分析,对比了不同飞边槽结构对汽车盘体零件填充质量、锻造成形力及锻模磨损的影响。最终得出了采用沟式飞边槽结构更优的结论,同时从等效应力分布规律和温度分布规律两方面分析了该结构下锻后零件的质量。结果表明:采用沟式飞边槽结构能得到填充完整、质量好、无瑕疵的汽车盘体零件,并通过生产实践进行了验证,提高生产率的同时有效降低了材料成本、模具成本、设备成本。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。