微细电火花铣削工件侧面轮廓加工研究

开展了不同分层厚度电火花铣削侧面轮廓加工研究,通过改变线性补偿值,研究不同补偿率下的电极形状与稳定铣削深度,获得了较大分层厚度下的恒定深度铣削槽;分析总结了锥形电极的形成与稳定原因和不同补偿量对电火花铣槽影响的相关规律;通过线性补偿法对圆弧形片状工件和具有一定倾角工件的侧面加工铣削,验证了实验规律。     

电火花铣削加工工艺与算法研究

介绍了电火花铣削加工工艺及其有关计算方法。在大量实验的基础上,研究了微细电火花分层铣削加工,采用电极底面放电方式、电极轨迹规划、电极的损耗及补偿策略和合理选择分层厚度及电极微进给量等关键技术,提高了加工精度和效率。     

单层多道微细电火花定长补偿加工方法

定长补偿是应用分层原理进行微细电火花加工的一种方法,它能较好地解决加工中电极损耗对精度的影响问题.通过实验证明了微细电火花铣削加工中由于底面和侧面放电间隙不同,在加工过程中要区别对待;根据实验结果建立了实际加工后单道的横截面模型,在此基础上引入了体积系数、面积系数、残切系数,对原来的定长补偿方法进行了修正.根据建立的实际加工后残切模型,给出2种典型去除残切的加工工艺路线,应用定长补偿方法解决了分层三维构件加工中的单层加工问题.     

空心电极定长补偿电火花铣削实验研究

在微细电火花加工过程中,对电极进行定长补偿是保证加工精度的有效方法之一。当使用空心电极进行定长补偿电火花铣削时,电极会形成稳定的圆台形端部。提出了基于圆台形端部定长补偿的数学模型,通过实验观测分析圆台形端部的形成过程,并验证了该方法下的加工稳定性。在电极直径及电参数不变的情况下,研究了补偿长度与加工深度、工件横截面斜角的关系,进一步对模型进行了实验验证。最后进行了实例加工并获得了较好的加工效果。     

微细电火花加工的底面轮廓模型及定长补偿方法

针对三维金属微细结构的微细电火花加工,应用等损耗理论,采用分层加工的方法,建立了单道加工时底面形状随电极损耗而变化的轮廓模型.在此基础上,提出定长补偿的方法,给出了补偿长度的计算公式.对底面轮廓模型及定长补偿方法进行了仿真分析.实验测定了微细条件下钨打钢的相对体积损耗比,进行了无补偿和定长补偿的实验加工.仿真及实验结果表明无补偿时底面轮廓为一指数曲线,与实验结果相符;定长补偿方法加工出的底面轮廓为一幅值恒定的波动曲线;随着补偿精度le的增大,底面轮廓的波动范围也越大;在符合端面损耗理论的范围内,分层厚度越大,加工相对误差越小;定长补偿方法提高了加工尺寸精度和形状精度,补偿方法可行.     

基于定长补偿的微细电火花三维型腔加工方法

电火花铣削可利用简单电极以逐层扫掠的方式有效加工复杂三维型腔。采用定长补偿方法配合电极旋转进行电火花铣削加工,电极端面会形成圆锥形,经过两刀铣削加工后第一层的加工面会呈现波浪形。针对波浪面对加工精度的影响进行了仿真分析,结果表明波浪面对最终的型腔底面形状几乎不产生影响。为获取最佳一层表面以减小对后续加工影响,确定了第一层第二步加工的最佳深度的定义;并通过三角形假设和正弦曲线假设从几何上找到了最佳深度的取值范围。通过实验验证了理论模型并进一步细化最佳深度取值区间,为后续精确加工奠定了基础。     

电火花铣削加工用展成电极的设计

为了解决电火花铣削加工中的电极损耗补偿难题,提出了一种基于线电极的电火花铣削加工方法,本文介绍了该方法的加工原理,提出了展成电极的概念及其设计要求,并对展成电极的总体结构、走丝机构、导丝杆的设计给出了较为详细的叙述。实验证明,利用设计的展成电极可在普通数控电火花加工机床上进行基于线电极的电火花铣削加工。     

微细电火花加工损耗补偿的研究

针对三维微细结构的微细电火花加工,应用等损耗理论,采用分层加工的方法,建立了单道单层加工时底面形状随电极损耗而变化的轮廓模型,在此基础上,提出电极损耗适时补偿的方法.实验测定了钨电极加工不锈钢的损耗率,应用适时补偿方法加工得到的单层单道窄槽的尺寸精度良好.     

油泵油嘴复杂微结构微细电火花铣削加工试验

为解决油泵油嘴复杂微结构加工难题,开展了微细电火花铣削加工试验研究。在改进微细电火花加工机床系统的基础上,介绍了微细电火花铣削加工试验过程,并着重分析电极损耗补偿问题、加工效率问题的解决方法,进而完成油泵油嘴复杂微结构的精密微细电火花加工,总结出保证微细电火花铣削加工质量和加工效率的工艺规律。     

分层厚度对微细电火花铣削加工模具及热压制品表面粗糙度的影响

分层厚度直接影响微细电火花铣削加工的加工效率及表面粗糙度。为了合理规划微细电火花铣削加工的分层厚度,提高加工效率,研究了分层厚度对微细电火花加工的模具型腔及相应热压成形制品表面粗糙度的影响,同时分析了热压成形制品表面与微模具型腔表面之间的关系,以及热压前、后微模具型腔表面轮廓的变化。结果表明:当电极轨迹重叠率一定时,模具型腔底面的表面粗糙度值随着分层厚度的增加而增大;分层厚度对型腔侧壁表面粗糙度无明显影响;热压制品表面轮廓算术平均偏差小于模具型腔表面轮廓算术平均偏差;热压后的模具表面轮廓发生了变化,表面粗糙度值Ra和峰高Rpk减小,峰谷Rvk增大。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.