叠氮化铜JWL状态方程参数拟合

采用电探针法测定了叠氮化铜微装药尺寸下的爆轰速度,根据叠氮化铜的密度和测定的爆轰速度,运用γ律状态方程拟合出了JWL状态方程参数。将拟合出的JWL状态方程参数用于动力学数值模拟程序LS-DYNA中,数值模拟叠氮化铜爆轰驱动飞片的作用过程,并将数值模拟与实验数据对比。结果显示,拟合出的JWL状态方程参数具有较高的精度,数值模拟结果与实验值相吻合,偏差在5%以内,拟合参数能够满足计算爆炸力学的应用要求。     

HNS-Ⅳ炸药JWL状态方程研究

为了研究HNS-Ⅳ炸药在小尺寸下爆轰产物状态方程,采用Φ10mm直径小圆筒试验研究了HNS-Ⅳ炸药的做功能力,获得了圆筒壁膨胀位移、速度与时间的关系;利用非线性有限元动力学程序Ansys/Ls-Dyna,对圆筒试验进行了数值模拟;通过与试验结果相比较,得到了HNS-Ⅳ炸药爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数;采用双灵敏度激光速度干涉仪(VISAR)测量了HNS-Ⅳ炸药的平面一维爆轰驱动飞片的速度历程,并进行了数值模拟计算,从而验证了HNS-Ⅳ炸药爆轰产物状态方程的有效性。     

基于基因遗传算法和γ律状态方程的JWL状态方程参数计算

JWL状态方程参数的快速、准确计算对新型炸药研究具有重要意义。给出了利用基因遗传算法根据C-J条件和Hugoniot关系式确定的3个相容方程,对炸药爆轰产物γ律状态方程p-V曲线进行拟合,得到JWL状态方程参数的计算方法。研究结果表明,拟合确定的JWL状态方程pV曲线比γ律状态方程p-V曲线更接近标准的JWL状态方程p-V曲线。利用AUTODYN软件,采用拟合得到的5种炸药的JWL状态方程和标准JWL状态方程对密闭空间内爆炸进行数值模拟,两者超压值误差不超过5%.通过数值模拟证明了所提出的基于基因遗传算法和γ律状态方程的JWL状态方程参数计算方法是合理的。     

燃料空气炸药爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数计算

炸药爆轰产物的Jones-Wilkins-Lee(JWL)状态方程参数一般由圆筒试验确定,但圆筒试验并不适用于宏观上呈云雾状态的燃料空气炸药(FAE)。为确定FAE爆轰产物的JWL状态方程参数,基于外场FAE爆轰试验数据,引入反向传播神经网络联合遗传算法(BPNN-GA),建立适用于FAE的状态方程参数计算方法,并与单爆源和多爆源的外场试验结果对比。研究结果表明：引入BPNN-GA可以简化状态方程参数优化过程,提高了寻优速度和精度;基于FAE爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数,建立单爆源与多爆源的FAE云雾爆轰模型,数值仿真所得的冲击波轮廓与实际爆轰冲击波形貌一致,单爆源与多爆源50 m测点处地面峰值超压仿真值与试验值的最大偏差分别为9.0%和11.1%.     

一种CL-20基压装混合炸药JWL状态方程参数研究

对六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)基压装混合炸药爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数进行了研究。采用直径25mm标准圆筒试验研究了CL-20基压装炸药(C-1,CL-20/钝感粘结剂(质量比)=94.5/5.5)的驱动做功能力,获得了圆筒壁膨胀速度、位移与时间的关系;应用考虑与爆轰参数封闭的炸药JWL状态方程参数数据处理方法得到该炸药的JWL状态方程参数,应用参数进行圆筒模型数值模拟,与试验结果对比,发现速度误差低于2%,位移误差低于1%;对比了本研究参数与国外类似炸药参数在做功能力上的差异,结果表明,LX-19和PBXC-19的格尼速度比C-1炸药分别高2.02%和2.20%。     

探针式圆筒试验方法及TNT炸药爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数标定

圆筒试验是目前标定炸药爆轰产物状态方程参数最常用的试验之一,为了确定炸药爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数,设计并搭建了探针式圆筒试验平台。采用一组具有径向位移差的镀金探针和20 ns高精度脉冲测时仪记录圆筒膨胀过程中的多个离散点,当圆筒在爆轰产物驱动下膨胀到探针头部形成回路时,脉冲测时仪记录下时间,据此可获得圆筒壁的位移时程曲线。研究开展了两组TNT炸药的探针式圆筒试验,得到了圆筒膨胀位移离散点,试验结果显示两组试验曲线相差较小,表明探针式圆筒试验具有较好的重复性。采用BP-GA算法确定了TNT炸药的爆轰产物JWL状态方程参数,将确定的JWL参数代入有限元软件进行数值检验,结果显示仿真得到的位移曲线相对试验曲线的决定系数R2为0.9997,表明JWL参数具有较高的精度。     

爆轰驱动金属圆筒的能量转换与破片初速模型

基于爆轰产物的JWL状态方程和Taylor破裂判据,从能量守恒出发推导了一种考虑膨胀细节的爆轰驱动金属圆筒能量转换与破片初速模型。选用无氧铜、45^#钢和6061铝合金3种材料进行压装TNT炸药驱动的圆筒试验。对比试验的膨胀轨迹与膨胀速度和模型计算结果,表明所建立的爆轰驱动模型综合考虑了炸药-金属系统驱动的膨胀过程和力学性能因素,相比格尼公式只单一考虑炸药爆轰参数的驱动能力,更全面地考虑爆轰驱动影响因素,计算结果更具有针对性和适用性。     

带有铝粉反应的含铝炸药状态方程的研究

为了解释不同粒径铝粉的含铝炸药爆炸做功能力,考虑到铝粉的气化反应,结合爆轰产物JWL状态方程,得到了新的含有铝粉反应的含铝炸药状态方程。利用有限元软件的二次开发,将新的状态方程加入LS-DYNA中,模拟了含铝炸药(76%RDX/20%Al/4%wax)爆炸驱动飞片实验。飞片速度曲线的数值模拟结果与实验结果基本一致。结果表明,铝粉的反应速率随着颗粒的减小而增大,不同颗粒度的铝粉反应规律不同。对于5μm和50μm粒径的铝粉,其反应速率先增大后减小,而50 nm粒径的铝粉,反应速率很快达到最大而后减小。新的状态方程能够描述含铝炸药的爆轰特性,由铝粉的气化反应速率方程可计算得出铝粉反应度随时间变化规律,不再需要试验标定。新的状态方程与JWL-Miller状态方程比较,其应用更方便简单。     

BNCP驱动飞片实验测试及数值模拟

为了研究BNCP驱动飞片的能力,采用光纤位移干涉仪(DISAR)对其速度进行了测试,获得了速度成长曲线.测试结果显示:当BNCP在1.645g/cm3和1.623 g/cm3密度下驱动0.1 mm厚的钛飞片时,飞片速度分别可达3400m/s和3 300m/s左右.同时,通过VLW状态方程程序计算了BNCP的等熵膨胀数据,拟合出其JWL状态方程参数.将JWL状态方程参数运用于软件LS-DYNA中,对BNCP驱动飞片进行数值模拟.结果显示数值模拟与实验曲线基本一致.     

铜箔厚度对爆炸箔起爆性能影响规律研究

为了提高爆炸箔起爆系统能量利用效率,采用仿真计算和试验相结合的方法,研究了不同铜箔厚度对爆炸箔起爆性能的影响规律。结果表明:当爆炸箔桥区尺寸为0.3mm×0.3mm时,铜箔厚度为3μm的爆炸箔电爆性能较好,能量利用率较高,在发火电压为1.5k V时,能量利用率达到72.33%,相对应的飞片速度最大。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

An Experimental Study on Electro Chemical Machining of Microelectrode

Puts forward a new method in machining microelectrode by electro chemical machining （ECM） and plastic deformed theory. The procedure of this method is to machine the microelectrode according to the basic rule of ECM theory at first. Then, with the change of ECM machining parameters, one of the microelectrode ends is exerted by a load. As a result, the elastic and plastic deformation is produced at the machining section and the microelectrode diameter is reduced. It has been proved that the proposed method can determine the optimum machining parameters to machine the microelectrode of Cu.