近液相线法铸造非枝晶A356合金组织与成形性能

用近液相线半连续铸造法制备出具有等轴晶粒的半固态A356合金坯料，合适的铸造工艺为铸造温度615℃，保温20min,铸造温度120mm/min，冷却水流量0.086m^3/min，在电阻炉加热的条件下，半固态A356合金坯料的重熔加热温度场均匀，合适的加热温度为580-590℃，在模具温度400-600℃的条件下，触变成形汽车发动机用轴瓦盖热处理后的σ值达到290.2MPa，δ5达到12.9%。     

半固态Y112铝合金成形组织与性能

采用近液相线半连续多模铸造法制备出Y112铝合金半固态坯料。分别考察了半固态合金流变成形件、触变成形件和常规压铸件的组织与性能。结果表明：Y112铝合金的半固态流变成形件的组织细小、均匀，硬度为112HV，优于触变成形件和常规压铸件的。     

触变成形AlSi7Mg合金的组织与性能

AlSi7Mg合金半固态浆料经触变成形及热处理后,其性能得到显著提高。试验采用电子显微镜、扫描电镜及电子拉伸机,研究了液相半连续铸造法制备的AlSi7Mg合金半固态浆料的组织、二次加热的合金组织、经触变成形及T6处理后的组织与性能。结果表明,触变成形并经热处理后的AlSi7Mg合金,其组织中析出相为Al3Si和AlSi化合物,σb达到290.2MPa,δ5达到12.9%,此结果为液相线半连续铸造AlSi7Mg合金触变成形的深入研究奠定了基础。     

356铝合金凝固形核过程及液相线半连续铸造组织的研究

本文研究了356铝合金在液相线温度附近等温形核过程和激冷组织变化情况,在液相线以上温度（625℃）,熔体激冷形核数量相对较小,初晶相晶粒尺寸较大,单位面积数目较少;在略低于液相线的温度（612℃）保温30min,熔体大量形核,初晶相晶粒细小球化,单位面积数目较大;在液相线以下温度（600℃）,熔体形核数量多,但部分合并长大,初晶相晶粒为细小的枝晶,单位面积晶粒数较小。通过液相线半连续铸造对形核机理进行了验证,熔体在液相线温度（615℃）保温30min后铸造,获得了均匀、细小的近球形晶粒组织,平均晶粒尺寸小于40μm,完全适合半固态触变成形。     

液相线铸造A356铝合金结晶过程初探

采用液相线铸造法即在液相线温度附近铸造A356铝合金获得了金属半固态加工要求的细小、等轴的“非枝晶”组织，考查了铸造温度、保温时间对组织形成过程的影响。结果表明，由于过冷和扩散的共同影响，A356铝合金液相线铸造最佳保温温度605℃，在60min时间内，晶核数目随保温时间的延长而增加，且分布愈加均匀。     

T6热处理对触变锻造加低过热铸造制备的A356和A380铝合金的影响（英文）

研究T6热处理对触变锻造A356和A380铝合金的影响。采用低过热铸造(LSC)技术制备用于触变锻造的样品。为了获得等轴晶粒并防止枝晶生长,将样品在高于液相温度20°C时进行浇铸,将浇铸坯料再加热不同时间(20~80 min)后进行触变锻造,变形量为50%,再将触变锻造后的A356和A380铝合金样品进行T6热处理。用光学显微镜、能量弥散X射线谱仪、扫描电镜和布氏硬度仪对经触变锻造、固溶处理和时效处理后样品的显微组织和硬度变化进行检测。结果表明,T6热处理后合金的显微组织更均匀,并分别在A356和A380坯料中形成了新的析出相Mg_2Si和Al_2Cu。相应地,经过人工时效后,样品的硬度大幅度提高,A356铝合金的硬度达到HB 93,A380铝合金的硬度达到HB 120。     

低过热度铸造和触变锻造结合制备A356铝合金车轮的组织与力学性能

采用低过热度铸造和触变锻造相结合的方法制备A356铝合金车轮,研究低过热度铸造A356铝合金坯料的组织、坯料二次加热组织演变规律和触变锻造车轮的组织与力学性能。结果表明：熔体在635℃浇注,可获得具有细小、均匀的非枝晶晶粒的A356铝合金坯料。坯料在600℃等温加热60min后,非枝晶晶粒可转变成球形晶粒,在750kN锻压力下半固态坯料可触变锻造成铝合金车轮。经T6热处理,A356铝合金车轮的抗拉强度和伸长率分别为327．6MPa和7．8％,高于铸造铝合金车轮的拉伸力学性能。将低过热度铸造与触变锻造工艺相结合,可以制备具有较高力学性能的铝合金车轮。     

半固态A356合金重熔加热过程中的热稳定性

利用电阻炉加热，采用电子显微镜及图象分析仪，研究了近液相线铸造A356铝合金在二次加热过程中的组织变化。结果表明：近液相线铸造铝合金A356在580℃～590℃加热，保温10min，晶粒仍保持细小、近似等轴的组织特点。随着加热温度的升高和保温时间的延长，初生相尺寸增加较小，具有较高的热稳定性。     

A356铝合金近液相线半连续铸造工艺试验研究

选用正交试验法，研究了A356铝合金近液相线半连续铸造工艺参数的影响。指出冷却强度是晶粒细化的最主要因素，极差为12．17，可信度达到99％，其次是铸造速度与保温时间。最佳工艺参数为：保温温度625℃，保温时间10min，铸造速度145mm/min，冷却强度0．075m^3／min水流量。其晶粒平均等积圆直径为30．82μm；最小直径9．75μm，最大直径87．62μm。     

固溶时间对金属型铸造和粉末触变成形6061铝合金组织的影响

采用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪等研究了在535℃下不同固溶时间对金属型铸造和粉末触变成形6061铝合金组织的影响。结果表明,粉末触变成形6061铝合金在535℃固溶处理3h后,共晶相充分固溶到α-Al基体内部,初生相颗粒与二次凝固区的颗粒通过合并长大。而金属型铸造6061铝合金经过6h固溶处理后,共晶相固溶完毕,与粉末触变成形相比,金属型铸造的固溶进程较慢。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.