基于摩尔近邻模型的二维元胞自动机在图像处理中的应用

元胞自动机是一种具有空间、时间和状态离散性的动力学系统。在简单介绍了元胞自动机基本原理的基础上,提出采用二维元胞自动机对图像做边缘检测以及对破坏图像做恢复的算法。通过与传统处理方法的结果比较,表明该算法具有处理速度快、质量较好、易于硬件集成等优点,是一种新颖实用的图像处理算法。     

基于元胞自动机的红外图像边缘检测新方法

元胞自动机是一种新的快速、有效的实现各种图像处理算法的理论工具,其核心是状态转移函数的确定.针对红外图像边缘检测,研究并实现了三种状态转移函数:最大最小值法、阈值法和形态梯度法.和传统边缘检测方法的对比实验表明,基于元胞自动机的边缘检测方法整体上不仅检测效果好,且可实时实现.     

基于CA的图像边缘检测新算法

针对边缘检测的特点,定义了一种元胞自动机规则,并用不同规则号的元胞自动机对图像进行边缘检测.分别对边缘整齐和边缘细节丰富的两类图像进行仿真实验,把结果图像与经典的Sobel算子和Canny算子检测的结果相比较,结果表明通过选择合适的规则号,新算法检测的速度更快,是一种有效的方法.     

基于CNN的海空光电目标检测技术研究

根据元胞神经网络图像处理模型,提出了一种海空光电目标的检测方法。与传统的方法不同,元胞神经网络是一种新的图像处理模式。它把图像看成一个动力系统,如果设置合适的模板参数与初始条件,就能达到特定的图像处理功能。首先对图像进行预处理和直方图修正,然后利用CNN进行分割,最后检测出目标。通过仿真实例,结果表明,该方法能较好地检测出海空目标,准确率较高,并且满足实时处理的要求,具有一定的军事应用价值。     

元胞自动机在图像高密度椒盐噪声去噪中的应用

为了提高对高密度椒盐噪声的滤波效果,针对图像椒盐噪声的特点,本文提出了一种基于元胞自动机的去噪算法。元胞自动机最核心的是状态转移函数,本算法采用Moore邻域的形式设计了一种新的状态转移函数。我们把这种算法对图像处理的结果和经典的中值滤波等处理的结果的图像和它们的PSNR值进行比较,结果表明本文提出的算法对椒盐噪声,尤其对高密度椒盐噪声的滤波,在视觉和客观指标上都有更好的去噪效果。     

PSLIP新模型及在边缘检测和图像增强中的应用

对数图像处理模型已形成并应用于图像处理的各个方面.本文提出一种参数对称的对数图像处理(PSLIP)新模型.该模型建立了一种可以处理图像负值部分带参数的对称结构.同时该模型不仅能够对图像中感兴趣的部分进行自适应调整,而且能够处理反射光图像和透射光图像.为了验证PSLIP模型的有效性,将其应用于边缘检测和图像增强中,形成PSLIP边缘检测和PSLIP图像增强算法.实验结果表明,其效果均优于现有对数图像处理模型.     

基于移动元胞自动机的网络舆情传播模型

为了准确刻画网络舆情的变化规律,针对经典元胞自动机存在的不足,考虑网络舆情主体的可移动因素,提出一种基于移动元胞自动机的网络舆情传播模型。首先对经典元胞自动机的工作原理进行分析,提出移动元胞自动机模型,然后根据网络舆情的特点,制定网络舆情主体状态转换规则和移动规则,建立移动元胞自动机的网络舆情传播模型,最后采用Matlab 2011对网络舆情演化过程进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明,舆情主体移动概率对网络舆情传播速度和同质化率影响比较大,移动元胞自动机模型可以很好地描述网络舆情的实际传播过程。     

基于元胞自动机的红外弱小目标图像分割

针对红外成像制导中弱小日标图像分割,提出了基于元胞自动机的自动分割方法.首先使用元胞自动机增强图像的对比度,状态转移函数采用了冯.诺伊曼邻域和一致的演化规则,然后采用边缘双阈值策略二值化图像,最后标记形成目标块,并依据种子点和目标复杂度进行滤波,得到精确的图像分割结果.在实拍的3幅不同类型的红外图像上进行分割实验,其结果表明:提出的方法均能够有效地分割出多个弱小目标区域,有利于下一步的目标识别和跟踪.     

基于JND和元胞自动机变换的可逆水印

提出了一种基于JND和元胞自动机变换的可逆水印算法。首先利用直方图调整技术对原始图像进行灰度值调整,然后通过整数小波变换获得原始图像的高频子带,并基于JND模型计算小波系数的恰可失真门限,最后利用扩频水印技术将由元胞自动机变换加密后的水印图像嵌入到原始图像中。实验结果表明,该算法在获得较高嵌入容量的情况下,显著提高了含水印图像的视觉质量。     

基于参数化对数图像处理模型的光照不均匀图像的边缘检测算法

由于低照度以及场景光不均匀的环境下图像的成像特点,普通的边缘检测方法无法有效检测出完整清晰的边缘图像.本文结合参数化对数图像处理(PLIP)模型对低亮度图像敏感、处理效果接近人眼视觉观察的结果等优点提出一种新的边缘检测算法.首先,利用PLIP模型理论推导出新的梯度算子,然后分析传统Canny算法检测边缘过程的不足并加以改进,并将推导出的新梯度代替了传统Canny算法中的梯度,运用Canny算子的三个最佳边缘检测标准提取图像的边缘.最后,通过对微光实验平台获取的低照度和场景光不均匀环境下的图像进行边缘检测对比验证.实验结果表明,新算法边缘检测的线型连接程度相较于传统Canny算法、Sobel算法和原对数图像处理模型(LIP)算法分别提升了约10％、30％和4％,其检测效果更佳.     

基于边缘定向增强的各向异性扩散抑噪方法

本文提出了一个新的边缘定向增强扩散模型.针对现有各向异性扩散方程中,边缘增强扩散模型不能正确地对边缘定向,而相干增强扩散模型易在光滑处产生虚假边缘的缺点,本文的模型采用基于非线性光滑算子的边缘定向算子对边缘定向,并根据边缘的位置和方向设置扩散张量的特征根,使其在光滑区域沿边缘方向和垂直边缘方向均具有较大值,而在边缘区域垂直边缘方向值小,沿边缘方向值大,从而达到既保护边缘又去除噪声的目的,在整幅图像上均具有较好的去噪效果.理论分析和数值计算结果均表明,本文方法具有比现有扩散去噪方法更好的去噪效果,同时在峰值信噪比和边缘保护指数方面具有显著优势.     

Boundary detection using simulation of particle motion in a vectorimage field

This paper introduces a novel approach in image processing based on a vector image model. A major advantage of the model is that it allows vector operations to be performed on an image. An example of a vector operation is the computation of mechanical moments for detecting inhomogeneities in an object or equivalently edges in an image. A new edge operator derived from a vector image model yields an edge vector field analogous to the Hamiltonian gradient field of the image. The distinct feature of the edge vector field is that edge vectors form current loops encompassing the objects. This feature is exploited to develop a new boundary extraction algorithm based on particle motion in a force field. The edge vector field forces a particle to move along the edges while an orthogonal normalized Laplacian gradient vector field guarantees that the particle will not drift away from the edges. The object boundary can be obtained from the convergent path of the particle trajectory. Using a fine stepping factor, the extracted boundary can achieve subpixel accuracy. The proposed algorithm has major advantages over the conventional edge-detection, edge-thinning, and edge-linking techniques in that it effectively utilizes both direction and magnitude of edges. The algorithm is simple, robust and performs very well even on high curvature objects.     

An efficient method for impulse noise reduction from images using fuzzy cellular automata

Impulse noise reduction from corrupted images plays an important role in image processing. This problem will also affect on image segmentation, object detection, edge detection, compression, etc. Generally, median filters or nonlinear filters have been used for noise reduction but these methods will destroy the natural texture and important information in the image like the edges. In this paper, to eliminate impulse noises from noisy images, we used a hybrid method based on cellular automata (CA) and fuzzy logic called Fuzzy Cellular Automata (FCA) in two steps. In the first step, based on statistical information, noisy pixels are detected by CA; then using this information, the noisy pixel will change by FCA. Regularly, CA is used for systems with simple components where the behavior of each component will be defined and updated based on its neighbors. The proposed hybrid method is characterized as simple, robust and parallel which keeps the important details of the image effectively. The proposed approach has been performed on well-known gray scale test images and compared with other conventional and famous algorithms, is more effective.     

基于正则化变分模型的SAR图像增强方法

讨论合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的噪声抑制与分辨率增强问题.建立偏微分方程抑噪方法与正则化点增强方法相结合的正则化变分模型,该模型同时具有偏微分方程模型的抑噪优势和正则化模型的分辨率增强优势.在图像的背景区域采用偏微分方程模型进行噪声抑制,而在图像的目标区域,先采用后向扩散方程进行锐化,然后再采用正则化模型进行分辨率增强,使整幅图像的处理结果均得到优化.此外,在偏微分方程抑噪模型的构造上,结合SAR成像的工程背景,提出了基于SAR图像幅度信息的前向-后向扩散方程,使方程能有效抑制图像背景区域的噪声并锐化目标边缘.大量的试验结果表明该方法能有效增强目标的强散射点,显著抑制噪杂波区的噪声.     

基于边缘定向扩散方程的图像复原方法

讨论了光学图像中同时存在噪声与模糊时的复原问题。采用一种能根据边缘方向自适应选取扩散系数的各向异性扩散方程来约束复原后的图像的光滑性质,将其和图像复原模型一起使用,得到了一种图像复原的正则化模型,并利用Eluer方程将该模型转换成一种可以快速求解的各向异性非线性扩散模型。在光滑性约束项的构造上,构造了一种基于边缘定向扩散的各向异性张量型扩散方程,能有效地根据边缘的方向确定是增强边缘还是滤除噪声。相比图像复原的迭代正则化方法,新方法能在复原图像的同时有效地抑制噪声,并有效地减轻边缘处的振铃效应。数值计算结果表明,新方法在整幅图像的复原效果上明显强于迭代正则化方法,尤其在对背景噪声的抑制上效果更明显,峰值信噪比（PSNR）也比迭代正则化方法平均提高了约2dB。     

Image segmentation and inpainting using hierarchical level set and texture mapping

Image inpainting is an artistic procedure to recover a damaged painting or picture. We propose a novel approach for image inpainting by using the Mumford-Shah (MS) model and the level set method to estimate image structure of the damaged regions. This approach has been successfully used in image segmentation problem. Compared to some other inpainting methods, the MS model approach detects and preserves edges in the inpainting areas. We propose a fast and efficient algorithm that achieves both inpainting and segmentation. In previous works on the MS model, only one or two level set functions are used to segment an image. While this approach works well on simple cases, detailed edges cannot be detected in complicated image structures. Although multi-level set functions can be used to segment an image into many regions, the traditional approach causes extensive computations and the solutions depend on the location of initial curves. Our proposed approach utilizes faster hierarchical level set method and guarantees convergence independent of initial conditions. Because we detect both the main structure and the detailed edges, our approach preserves edges in the inpainting area. Also, exemplar-based approach for filling textured regions is employed. Experimental results demonstrate the advantage of our method.     

Curved wavelet transform for image coding.

The conventional two-dimensional wavelet transform used in existing image coders is usually performed through one-dimensional (1-D) filtering in the vertical and horizontal directions, which cannot efficiently represent edges and lines in images. The curved wavelet transform presented in this paper is carried out by applying 1-D filters along curves, rather than being restricted to vertical and horizontal straight lines. The curves are determined based on image content and are usually parallel to edges and lines in the image to be coded. The pixels along these curves can be well represented by a small number of wavelet coefficients. The curved wavelet transform is used to construct a new image coder. The code-stream syntax of the new coder is the same as that of JPEG2000, except that a new marker segment is added to the tile headers. Results of image coding and subjective quality assessment show that the new image coder performs better than, or as well as, JPEG2000. It is particularly efficient for images that contain sharp edges and can provide a PSNR gain of up to 1.67 dB for natural images compared with JPEG2000.     

基于人体手指静脉图像分割算法的研究

根据人体手指静脉图像的结构及特点,提出了一种能很好地抑制噪声、剔除图像的伪边缘、准确定位手指静脉图像边缘信息的方法。首先采用高频强调滤波对梯度图像进行增强,然后利用B样条函数对增强后的图像进行多次拟合,最后对拟合的曲面进行分水岭分割。实验结果表明,通过该方法处理的梯度图像再进行分水岭变换,有效避免了过分割问题,同时准确定位了手指静脉图像边缘信息,提高了手指静脉图像分割精度。     

SAR图像去噪的分数阶多尺度变分PDE模型及自适应算法

在合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像相干斑噪声抑制中,保持图像的边缘和纹理是非常重要的。该文首先利用分数阶导数和负指数Sobolev空间对图像进行建模,建立了分数阶多尺度变分偏微分方程(PDE)模型,然后给出了模型参数自适应选择方法,并在此基础上提出了区域、尺度自适应的去噪算法。数值实验表明,新方法能在去除噪声,抑制图像的 阶梯效应,保持图像的边缘、纹理细节几个方面取得较好的效果。     

Adaptive image denoising using scale and space consistency

This paper proposes a new method for image denoising with edge preservation, based on image multiresolution decomposition by a redundant wavelet transform. In our approach, edges are implicitly located and preserved in the wavelet domain, whilst image noise is filtered out. At each resolution level, the image edges are estimated by gradient magnitudes (obtained from the wavelet coefficients), which are modeled probabilistically, and a shrinkage function is assembled based on the model obtained. Joint use of space and scale consistency is applied for better preservation of edges. The shrinkage functions are combined to preserve edges that appear simultaneously at several resolutions, and geometric constraints are applied to preserve edges that are not isolated. The proposed technique produces a filtered version of the original image, where homogeneous regions appear separated by well-defined edges. Possible applications include image presegmentation, and image denoising.