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关于发布食品安全国家标准《食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB 2763—2012)的公告2012年第22号根据《食品安全法》规定,经食品安全国家标准审评委员会审查通过,现发布食品安全国家标准《食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763—2012),自2013年3月1日起实施。下列标准自2013年3月1日起废止:《食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB 2763—2005);《食品中农药最     

啤酒行业动态

<正>《食品中农药最大残留限量》食品安全国家标准更新上期已报道,国家卫生计生委、农业部近日发布了《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763-2014),以代替GB2763-2012。该标准内容和啤酒行业有关的主要是麦类、大麦、小麦、大米、玉米等食品的农药最大残留限量指标(啤酒原料一般参照此标准执行)。值得注意的是:新标准版本中增加了"啤酒花",其农药最大残留限量指标有二嗪磷(杀虫剂)等14项,应引起酒花生产及使用单位的注意。国家卫生计生委发布食品安全国家标准,同时征求部分标准的意见     

科技信息

<正>国家卫生计生委、农业部联合发布《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763-2014)根据《食品安全法》规定,经食品安全国家标准审评委员会审查通过,国家卫生计生委、农业部联合发布《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763-2014),自2014年8月1日起施行。《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763-2012)同时废止。     

对比国内外大米农药残留限量标准 进一步提高我国大米的国际竞争力

一、国内外大米农药残留限量标准现状1.中国:我国关于大米最大农药残留限量的最新标准是GB 2763-2019《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》,该强制执行的国家标准于2020年2月15日正式实施。标准内容涉及到了433种残留农药在10余种食品中的4000多项限量指标,关于大米食品的农药残留限量指标就有20多种。     

食品中农药最大残留限量标准进展分析

食品安全关系到国计民生,直接影响人民身体健康和生命安全。为了保障农产品安全进入市场,很多国际组织和国家均出台了食品中农药最大残留限量标准。我国政府经过近些年来不断努力,加强标准的完善和修订,从2005年颁布了第一个农药残留限量国家标准到2021年3月发布GB 2763-2021,共计修订了6个版本和一个补充版本。本文从农药残留检测人员工作角度,以苹果中农药残留限量的查询为例,梳理了我国农药最大残留限量标准的进展历程,分析了2021年新版的食品中农药最大残留限量标准特点,总结了GB 2763-2021的主要变化,提出了该标准在实际应用中的改进建议,并且对该标准将来的发展方向进行了展望,以期为该标准后续修订完善提供一定的参考,确实满足实际工作需要。     

食品安全在行动

权威发布Authoritative release国内食品农药残留新标将出近日,据媒体获悉,农业部与国家卫生计生委联合发布了食品安全国家标准《食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763-2014),该标准比以往更加严谨,基本上与国际标准接轨,并将于2014年8月1日起开始施行。根据最新的国家标准《食品中农药最大残留限量》,我国食品农药最大残留限量指标将由现行的2293项增加到3650项,新增1357项。在新发布的标准中,国际食品法典委员会已制定限量标准的有1999项。其中,1811项国家标准等同于或严于国际食品法典标准,占到90.6%。值得注意的是,新标准还扩大了食品农产品种类。新标准为284种(类)食品农产品规定了多种农药的残留限量标准,覆盖了蔬菜、水果、谷物等12大     

对GB 2763-2012《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》的提示

2012年11月16日,国家卫生部和农业部发布了GB 2763-2012《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》,并将于2013年3月1日起正式实施。该标准替代了GB 2763-2005、GB 25193-2010、GB 26130-2010、GB 28260-2011及GB 2715-2005中4.3.3条,共5项标准。同时,与农药残留限量相关的NY 660-2003等十条农业部标准作废。啤酒的主要生产原料是食品原料,虽然GB 2763-2012中并未规定啤酒产品的农药残留量,但是却规定了大麦、大米、小麦等的农药最大残留量指标,这些都是啤     

我国荔枝龙眼中农药最大残留限量标准现状分析与建议

为了了解我国荔枝和龙眼中农药最大残留限量（Maximum Residue Limits,MRLs）标准的制定情况,保障我国荔枝龙眼产业的发展,该研究以现行《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》（GB 2763-2021）为依据,结合我国农药在荔枝龙眼上的登记情况,分析了我国荔枝龙眼上农药MRLs标准现状,并按农药类别列出了MRLs、每日允许摄入量（Acceptable Daily Intake,ADI）和配套的检测方法标准。统计显示,GB 2763-2021中涉及荔枝龙眼的农药MRLs有133项,涉及农药品种125个,其中推荐有配套的检测方法标准的限量有109项,在我国登记有效的限量有33项。对比GB 2763-2019,新增限量标准53项,增长率达到66.25%。此外,新增了方法标准3个。但是,基于荔枝龙眼的农药监测数据,荔枝龙眼上MRLs以及检测方法标准仍需继续补充,加快荔枝龙眼上的MRLs和检测方法标准的制定。荔枝龙眼上的MRLs和检测方法标准的制定仍需加快。     

啤酒行业动态

《食品中农药最大残留限量》食品安全国家标准更新 上期已报道,国家卫生计生委、农业部近日发布了《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》（GB2763—2014）,以代替GB2763—2012。该标准内容和啤酒行业有关的主要是麦类、     

我国最严谨的农药残留国家标准发布

日前，农业部与国家卫生计生委联合发布食品安全国家标准《食品中农药最大残留限量》（GB2763—2014）。我国食品中农药最大残留限量指标将由现行的2293项增加到3650项，新增1357项。作为我国监管食品中农药残留的唯一强制性国家标准，该标准的颁布实施，标志着我国食品中农药残留国家标准体系建设取得重大进展，     

Impact of food consumption habits on the pesticide dietary intake: Comparison between a French vegetarian and the general population

This study aims to compare the pesticide residue dietary intake of the French general population and the vegetarian population, separated into five specific diets: omnivorous (OMN), lacto-vegetarian (LV), ovo-lacto-vegetarian (OLV), pesco-lacto-vegetarian (PLV) and vegan (VG). Theoretical Maximum Daily Intakes (TMDIs) based on Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) were calculated as a percentage of the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Among the 421 pesticides studied, only 48 had TMDI above ADI for at least one population subgroup. An excessive exposure was noticed for 44, 43, 42, 41 and 30 pesticides in the OLV, VG, OMN, LV and PLV groups, respectively, versus 29 in the general population. Meat and egg products consumption was responsible for higher intakes of organochlorine pesticides in the general population than in the vegetarian population (TMDI = 348% versus 146–183% ADI for aldrin). However, as the limited consumption of animal-origin commodities was largely offset by a higher fruit, vegetable and cereal intake in the vegetarian diets, vegetarians appear to be preferentially exposed to pesticides, for which fruit, vegetables and cereals are the main contributors, such as tri-allate, chlorpyrifos-methyl and diazinon. This study illustrates that consumption habits have a real impact on pesticide exposure in terms of intake levels, number and type of pesticides, representing a potential risk of dietary exposure. Except for organochlorine compounds, the vegetarian population may be more exposed to pesticide residues than the general population due to specific dietary habits. Thus, this population should be considered for risk assessment of pesticide residues.     

生鲜乳中农兽药残留限量分析比对

整理了国际食品法典(CAC)、美国、加拿大、欧盟、日本、新西兰、澳大利亚以及我国生鲜乳中农兽药残留限量,分析了我国与其他国家或组织生鲜乳中农兽药残留限量标准存在的差异,并提出了完善我国生鲜乳中农兽药残留限量标准的措施和建议。     

欧盟与中国禽蛋食品安全农兽药残留限量对比分析

近年来, 由于我国与欧盟(European Union, EU)在制定蛋制品中农兽药最大残留限量(maximum residues limits, MRLs)上的不同, 我国出口欧洲的蛋制品中农兽药残留超标及检出违禁药物的食品安全事件频繁报道, 严重阻碍了中国禽蛋出口贸易的发展。为了解我国与欧盟在禽蛋中农兽药残留限量标准方面的差异, 提升中国禽蛋产品在国际市场的竞争力, 本文对欧盟和中国禽蛋中农药和兽药残留的种类和最大残留限量值进行对比分析, 发现目前我国禽蛋农兽药残留限量标准存在种类尚不全面、残留限量指标的严宽程度有待研究等问题。针对我国实际, 本文提出一些完善蛋制品农兽药残留标准体系的思路和对策措施, 为保障食品安全与产品出口提供重要参考依据。     

Pesticide residues in orange fruit from citrus orchards in Nuevo Leon State,Mexico

ABSTRACT

Some international organisations established maximum residue limits (MRLs) in food to protect human health. Mexico lacks regulations in this matter, affecting national and international trade from agroindustry. The aim of this study was to diagnose pesticide residues in oranges from Nuevo Leon, México, in citrus orchards. In May 2014, 100 orange fruit samples were taken randomly from orchards and subjected to analysis for 93 pesticides at residual level by GC/QQQ-MS and LCQ-TOF-MS. Results showed the presence of 15 pesticide residues in the samples. The comparison of the residual levels of pesticides found in orange samples among the MRLs allowed by USA, EU and Japanese regulations demonstrated that all samples were below MRLs issued by USA and Japan. Some orange samples were above MRLs issued by the EU. This provides a basis to establish strategies in order to satisfy International Standards to protect human health and encourage Food Safety in Mexico.     

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in market foods in Shaanxi area,China

The aim of this study was to investigate the organophosphorus (OP) pesticide residues in market foods (cereals, vegetables, and fruits) in the Shaanxi area of China. The concentrations of eight OP pesticides were determined by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection (GC-FPD). In 18 of 200 samples, five OP pesticides, including dichlorvos, dimethoate, parathion-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl and parathion, were found in concentrations ranging from 0.004 to 0.257 mg/kg. The mean levels of dimethoate in fruits and parathion in vegetables exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs) allowed by the Ministry of Health, of China. Other detectable OP pesticide residues levels were below their MRLs. Demeton, diazinon and sumithion were not found in any sample. The results provide important information on the current contamination status of a key agricultural area in China, and point to the need for urgent action to control the use of some excessively applied and potentially persistent OP pesticides, such as dimethoate and parathion.     

Method Development,Optimization and Validation of Matrix Hydration Effect on Pesticide Residues in Cocoa Beans Using Modified QuEChERS Method and Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Modified QuEChERS method combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was developed and validated to determine pesticide residues in dried cocoa beans. Extraction efficiency of matrix hydration effect on 19 pesticide residues was studied and optimized using 2³ full factorial design with percentage recoveries as the response variable. The optimized hydration method was validated for 24 pesticides, and recoveries obtained were in the range of 70–120% with relative standard deviations of less than 20% for most pesticides. Limit of quantification was obtained at 10 μg/kg for all pesticides, and this value was lower than national maximum residue levels (MRLs). Finally, the developed and optimized method was applied to real cocoa bean samples and the results from incurred residues were compared between method with and without matrix hydration. These results suggest that the addition of water to the dry and high-fat cocoa bean samples is crucial in pesticide residue analysis.     

Investigation of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits grown in various regions of Hatay,Turkey

In this study, 175 pesticide residues in various vegetable and fruit samples grown in different regions of Hatay, Turkey, were investigated. Residue analyses were performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with the QuEChERS method. In tomato, plum and apricot samples, pesticide residues were below the limits of detection. In other samples, at least one pesticide residue was detected. Twelve pesticides (acetamiprid, carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, fenarimol, fludioxonil, hexythiazox, imidacloprid, metalaxyl, pyridaben, pyriproxyfen, thiabendozole, triadimenol) were found at levels between 0.003 and 0.759?mg?kg^?1. Only in cucumber samples, acetamiprid residues were found at levels greater than the maximum acceptable limit in Turkish Food Codex and European Union maximum residue limits (EU MRLs). In other samples, the detected residue amounts are less than the MRLs declared in the Turkish Food Codex and EU MRLs.     

2012—2014年青岛、深圳、大连三口岸282份进口水果和蔬菜中农药残留监测

目的掌握和了解进口水果和蔬菜中农药残留污染状况,为国家制定和完善相关标准和采取相关措施提供科学依据。方法本文采用GB/T 19648—2006《水果和蔬菜中500种农药及相关化学品残留量的测定气相色谱-质谱法》和GB/T 20769—2008《水果和蔬菜中450种农药及相关化学品残留量的测定液相色谱-串联质谱法》分析方法,对2012—2014年从青岛、深圳、大连三个主要水果和蔬菜进口口岸采集的282份水果和蔬菜样品进行了666种农药残留的检测。结果对282份水果和蔬菜样品进行农药残留测定和技术分析:未检出农药残留样品31份,占11.0%;检出农药残留样品251份,占89.0%。共检测出农药52种,频次702次。结合中国、欧盟、日本的农药最大残留限量标准,对获得的数据进行了科学的分析:进口香蕉、榴莲、火龙果、草莓的农药残留水平整体处于安全水平,应加强进口龙眼、樱桃、葡萄中农药残留的检测和监管。结论进口水果和蔬菜的农药残留检出率较高,达到89.0%,但超出中国最大残留限量标准的样品较少,只占1.1%,说明进口水果和蔬菜中农药残留整体处于安全水平。     

中国茶叶农药残留检测方法标准概述

随着中国茶叶农药残留问题越来越受到重视,中国茶叶农药残留检测方法标准的问题也逐步显现。本文主要论述了国内外农药残留限量指标现状、中国茶叶农药残留检测方法标准现状和存在问题,并提出完善方法标准体系的建议。目前中国涉及茶叶农药残留限量指标的项目正在逐步完善,但与国际上的相关标准相比仍存在较大差距。中国涉及茶叶农药残留检测方法的标准总共有19项,包括多农药残留和单一农药残留检测,除了一些特殊性质的农药,标准已经覆盖了茶叶中大部分农残检测项目。随着检测技术的改进,最新的标准在提取、净化和定性定量方法更为高效准确,如溶剂使用量、萃取方式、检测器等。但是中国茶叶农药残留检测方法标准存在体系不完善、采用率低和重复性高的问题,建议通过分析中国方法标准现状、梳理现有标准和完善标准体系的手段来解决。     

国内外大蒜农药残留限量对比分析

目的 掌握国内外大蒜中农药最大残留限量(Maximum residue limits,MRLs)标准现状,以便降低大蒜出口贸易风险,并在此基础上对完善我国大蒜农残限量标准提出建议。方法 收集我国与欧盟、国际食品法典委员会(Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC)、日本和韩国等5个组织或国家的大蒜农药MRLs标准并进行对比分析。 结果 我国大蒜农药MRLs标准有129项,欧盟、日本、韩国和CAC分别有510、252、173和23项。欧盟、日本、韩国和CAC标准中与我国相同的农药种类数量分别有93、67、56和18项,其中限量值低于中国标准的分别占49、19、22和4项。结论 由于各国膳食结构不同及登记使用的农药情况不同,我国与欧盟、CAC、日本和韩国大蒜MRLs标准指标总数及指标要求差异明显,建议结合我国大蒜生产实际及膳食需求,完善我国相关标准。