求解高维函数优化问题的交叉熵蝙蝠算法

为改善蝙蝠算法求解高维函数优化问题的全局搜索能力,提高其搜索精度,将交叉熵方法和蝙蝠算法相结合,提出一种交叉熵蝙蝠算法。该算法将基于重要度抽样和Kullback-Leibler距离的交叉熵全局随机优化算法应用于蝙蝠算法中,采用自适应平滑技术提高算法的收敛速度,利用交叉熵方法的遍历性、自适应性和鲁棒性,有效抑制蝙蝠算法的早熟收敛现象。对经典测试函数和CEC2005测试函数的仿真结果表明,该算法具有全局搜索能力强、求解精度高和鲁棒性好等特性。     

基于交叉熵算法的PID 控制器设计

交叉熵优化方法是一种新型高效的随机优化算法,算法控制参数简单,鲁棒性强.将交叉熵优化算法用于PID控制器的参数设计,并与基于遗传算法的PID控制器设计进行对比,结果表明,交叉熵优化算法不仅所获结果较优,而且计算复杂度也明显小于遗传算法.     

极大熵自适应微粒群混合算法求解绝对值方程*

绝对值方程Ax-|x|=b是一个不可微的NP-hard问题。在假设矩阵A的奇异值大于1（这里矩阵A的奇异值定义为矩阵ATA特征值的非负平方根）时,给出了求解绝对值方程的一个新算法。通过引进一种极大熵函数把绝对值方程进行光滑化处理,再引入适当的目标函数,从而把绝对值方程问题转换为无约束优化问题,然后利用自适应微粒群算法对其进行求解。数值实验结果表明了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

求解0-1背包问题的交叉熵方法

交叉熵方法是近几年发展起来的一种优化方法,被应用到许多组合优化问题的求解中并显示出很好的性能.文中使用交叉熵方法来求解一种经典的组合优化问题-0-1背包问题.具体方法是:首先按Bernoulli分布生成变量的随机样本,并根据约束条件修正样本,求出目标函数值样本,然后按照交叉熵最小原理建立分布参数的更新规则.建立了基于交叉熵方法的背包问题求解算法.数值实验表明,与目前常用方法相比,该方法在收敛速度和稳定性上都有较大的优势.     

一类不可微方程组的区间算法

针对不可微方程组—绝对值方程Ax+B|x|=b的数值解问题进行研究, 提出了通过构造极大熵函数和新的区间算子对方程进行求解的区间极大熵算法。该算法能同时求出绝对值方程的近似解和估算其近似解的误差限, 并在A的奇异值全部大于|B|的奇异值时, 证明了算法的收敛性且收敛速度至少是线性的。理论分析和数值结果均表明提出的算法是有效的。     

基于改进交叉熵算法的伺服电机参数优化设计

针对伺服电机变负载控制问题,提出了一种对自适应模糊PID控制器初始参数优化的改进交叉熵算法。通过运用此方法对伺服电机模糊PID控制器在控制过程中的参数进行优化,证明了该算法在模糊PID控制器应用的过程中具有较好的鲁棒性和兼容性。通过实验,同时与基于ZN算法、遗传算法和交叉熵算法的模糊PID控制结果进行对比,证明改进交叉熵优化算法不但具有较快的响应速度、较好的稳定性、较小的超调和较优的ITASE性能指标,而且其优化过程更为精确简便。     

基于改进蝙蝠算法的带模糊需求的车辆路径问题

蝙蝠算法作为一种新的元启发式算法,尚未被应用到模糊车辆路径问题中;针对带模糊需求的车辆路径问题,以极小化总运输距离为目标,建立基于可信性理论的模糊规划模型,提出一种改进的蝙蝠算法;算法采用基于客户编号的编码方式,利用随机模拟算法计算额外行驶距离;在蝙蝠位置更新时,引入基于非线性调整的惯性权重和基于子路径的局部搜索;为提高全局搜索能力,避免算法早熟,对处于较差位置的蝙蝠进行交叉操作;最后,利用随机实验数据进行仿真,分析了决策者主观偏好值对目标值的影响,并与其它算法的寻优结果进行对比分析,结果表明,算法具有一定的可行性和有效性。     

针对动态目标的多无人机协同组合差分进化搜索方法

针对多无人机动态目标协同搜索问题,提出一种组合差分进化无人机协同搜索航迹规划方法.建立动态目标协同搜索环境信息图模型及无人机运动模型.基于改进差分蝙蝠算法和自适应差分进化算法,设计基于种群数量自适应分配的组合框架,将差分进化算法中的变异、交叉和选择机制引入蝙蝠算法,构建组合差分进化算法的协同搜索算法,并对无人机动态目标协同搜索的航迹进行优化.针对待搜索目标轨迹随机多变且具有规避侦察特性的现实场景,建立可回访数字信息图和自适应目标搜索增益函数,从而提高无人机对动态目标的捕获能力.最后,通过仿真结果验证所提出的无人机动态目标协同搜索算法的有效性.     

基于极大熵牛顿法求解绝对值方程

针对绝对值方程Ax-|x|=b的求解问题,在假设矩阵A的奇异值大于1时,给出了求解绝对值方程的一个新方法。通过引入一种极大熵函数将绝对值方程进行光滑化处理,进而把绝对值方程转换为光滑非线性方程组,然后利用极大熵牛顿法对其进行求解。数值实验结果表明了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

求解带硬时间窗的多目标车辆路径问题的多种混合蝙蝠算法

针对多目标车辆路径问题的研究,考虑了车载量限制和硬时间窗的约束条件,以最小派车数和最小车辆行驶距离为目标建立了数学模型。在分析基本蝙蝠算法求解离散问题局限性的基础上,混合蝙蝠法加入交叉算子和重组算子,提高算法性能。利用遗传算法的特点,构建出三种混合蝙蝠算法,算例测试结果表明,混合蝙蝠算法是解决离散型问题的一种有效方法。与基本蝙蝠算法相比,混合蝙蝠算法具有较高的计算效率和持续优化能力,其中单点重组精英遗传混合蝙蝠算法解决算例寻优能力最佳。 关键词：混合蝙蝠算法;车辆路径问题;多目标;硬时间窗     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。