Zur forensischen Anwendbarkeit der Gamma-Glutamyltransferase in der Spurenkunde: Quantitative Studien zur Aktivität der Gamma-GTim Sperma

Zusammenfassung Die Aktivität des Enzyms Gamma-Glutamyltransferase wurde an 26 Normospermen mit Hilfe eines kommerziell erhältlichen Test-kits bestimmt. Die Aktivitäten lagen bei 25°C zwischen 3800 und 12 500 U/l.Herrn Prof. Dr. med. H. Schweitzer zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Medulloblastome bei Erwachsenen: Eine Analyse der Überlebensrate und der prognostischen Faktoren

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Indikationen und Ergebnisse der CT-Kolonographie: von der Vorsorge bis zum symptomatischen Patienten

CT colonography (CTC) is also referred to as virtual colonoscopy and is being used with increasing frequency in radiological practice. While there are still no generally accepted, clear-cut indications for its use in mass colorectal cancer screening, there is evidence that this investigation is useful in patients in whom colonoscopy has not been successful or who have known stenotic lesions in the colon. Recent results of significant comparative studies of CTC and conventional colonoscopy will have some influence on the future place of CTC in screening for cancer of the bowel; they show the great potential of CT-aided bowel examination.     

Aus der Praxis eines Heilwesenversicherers: Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Arzt- und Krankenhaushaftpflicht

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Darstellung der Steuerungsinstrumente der Arzneimittelversorgung aus der Sicht der pharmazeutischen Industrie

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Vergleich der Wertigkeit der Computertomographie und der Magnetresonanztomographie in der Diagnostik der akuten intrazerebralen Blutung

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke symptoms are caused in 10 to 15% by intracerebral hemorrhage. From the clinical examination it is often impossible to differentiate intracerebral hemorrhage from cerebral ischemia. To exclude intracerebral hemorrhage as the cause of clinical symptoms a CT is usually performed. The aim of our study was a direct comparison of the sensitivity of Computed Tomography and MRI using different MR sequences for the detection of acute intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS: In 8 male Wistar rats intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by infusion of collagenase into the caudate nucleus. After 1hour the brains were subsequently imaged with CT and MRI using T2- and T1-weighted Spin Echo sequences, diffusion-weighted sequences, T2*-weighted gradient echo sequences and FLAIR-sequences. Visibility of the intracerebral hemorrhage was examined using a scoring system from 1 = not visible to 5 = excellent visible. Finally, the intracerebral hemorrhage was verified by histological staining. RESULTS: In all animals, intracerebral hemorrhage was visible in T2*-weighted gradient echo and diffusion weighted MR images 1 h after infusion of collagenase. T2- and PD-weighted SE images were positive in 7/8 rats. T1-weighted images revealed signal changes in 5/8 rats, and FLAIR sequence was positive in 8/8 rats. In CT intracerebral hemorrhage was only visible in 3/8 rats. When measuring the increase of Hounsfield units within the suspected hemisphere we saw a mean increase of 7% compared to the normal hemisphere in 3/8 rats. CONCLUSIONS: In this animal model, T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging proved to be the most sensitive imaging modality in the detection of acute intracerebral hemorrhage and is by far more sensitive than CT.     

Vergleich der Wertigkeit der Computertomographie und der Magnetresonanztomographie in der Diagnostik der akuten intrazerebralen Blutung

Hintergrund und Ziel: Die Symptome eines Schlaganfalls sind in 10 bis 15% durch eine intrazerebrale Blutung verursacht. Oft ist es in der klinischen Untersuchung nicht m?glich, zwischen einer intrazerebralen Blutung und einer zerebralen Isch?mie zu differenzieren. Um eine intrazerebrale Blutung bei Schlaganfallsymptomatik auszuschlie?en, wird in der Regel zuerst eine Computertomographie (CT) durchgeführt. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist ein direkter Vergleich der Sensitivit?t der CT mit verschiedenen magnetresonanztomographischen (MR) Sequenzen in der Diagnostik der akuten intrazerebralen Blutung.     

Stellenwert der Multislice-CT bei der Diagnostik der Lungenembolie

Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the pulmonary arteries has overcome the limitations of single-slice CT and is accepted as the sole reference standard for imaging pulmonary embolism (PE) in many institutions. This technique provides the opportunity of efficient risk stratification to enable adequate differential therapy. With a low or intermediate pretest probability and a negative CT angiography (CTA), relevant PE can be ruled out safely. In >30% further diagnoses other than pulmonary embolism, e.g., pneumonia or aortic aneurysm, can be established on the basis of thoracic CTA.This article discusses the present role of MSCT in diagnostic imaging of PE and provides optimized acquisition protocols as well as practical aspects for secondary image reconstruction. Examples of typical imaging features of PE are shown. Diagnostic algorithms for daily emergency practice are discussed with respect to artifacts and pitfalls in image interpretation.