铁置换-硫酸铵-碘化钾-丁基罗丹明B浮选分离镉

研究了以铁置换除去Ag~ 、Pd~(2 )等金属离子;(NH_4)_2SO_4-LO-丁基罗丹明B浮选分离Cd~(2 )的行为及其与常见离子分离的条件。结果表明,在一定浓度的Fe~(2 )存在时铁能定量置换出溶液中的Ag~ 、Pd~(2 )等金属离子,而Cd~(2 )在此条件下不被置换;当固体(NH_4)_2 SO_4用量为1．0g, 0．1 moL/L KI溶液和1．0×10~(-3)mol/L丁基罗丹明B溶液的用量分别为2．0 mL、2．5 mL时,Cd~(2 )可被定量浮选,而Zn~(2 )、Ni~(2 )、Mn~(2 )、Co~(2 )、Al~(3 )、Fe~(2 )、Cu~(2 )等离子在此条件下不被浮选,实现了Cd~(2 )的定量分离。对合成水样的定量置换-浮选分离测定,Cd~(2 )的浮选率为98．3%～100．6%;对矿石国家一级标准物质分离后测定微量Cd~(2 ),结果与标准值相符。     

氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡-十六烷基三甲基氯化铵体系浮选分离复杂金属基体中锇

研究了氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡-十六烷基三甲基氯化铵体系对Os（Ⅳ）-三氯锡酸络阴离子的浮选行为。实验表明，在盐酸介质中，体系可以浮选分离Os（Ⅳ），其浮选率为95．2％。98.0％。方法加标回收率为94．0％-98．5％，精密度为2．1％-7．7％（RSD，n=5）。方法可用于从大量基体金属中分离Os（Ⅳ），对实际样品分离的分析结果与其他方法推荐值相符。     

2-（5-氯-2-吡啶偶氮）-5-二乙基氨基酚作络合滴定指示剂测定锌

对2-（5-氯-2-吡啶偶氨）-5-二乙基氨基酚（5-Cl-DEPAP）作锌的络合滴定指示剂进行了实验。在pH5．5的HAc—NaAc介质中，以5-Cl-DEPAP作指示剂，EDTA标准溶液滴定锌，溶液颜色由紫红色变为亮黄色，终点变化敏锐，易于观察，锌量在0-25mg与EDTA消耗量成正比。方法用于化学试剂和铝合金中锌的测定，5次测定的RSD小于0．1％。结果表明，5-Cl-DEPAP符合络合滴定对指示剂的基本要求，扩大了该试剂的应用范围。     

中国大陆科学深钻主孔岩屑中含钠和锌的尖晶石的发现

一种含钠和锌的尖晶石矿物产于中国大陆科学深钻主孔超镁铁岩中，以出溶的方式存在于钛铁矿和磁铁矿中，长5-60μm，宽2-3μm，化学组成（wB％）为MgO17．143％-22．337％，Al2O3 63．646％～66．492％，FeO9．784％～13．924％，ZnO 1．649％-6．386wt％．Na2O 0．029％～0．219wt％。Na2O与ZnO在尖晶石中的含量呈正相关关系。经同步辐射测得其为尖晶石单晶，空间群为Fm3m，晶胞参数为a=0．83781am。根据尖晶石与钛铁矿、石榴石（pyr=56-58mol％）共生和石榴石退变为顽火辉石和镁绿泥石的特点，表明该尖晶石来自超镁铁岩，它们一起经历了至少为角闪岩相的变质作用。广泛的混溶间断现象及其所造成的出溶结构出现在氧化物中，表现为Mt-Usp、Mt-Spl及Mt-Ilm之间的交生。根据前人有关Mt-Usp和Ilm-Gk-Hem固溶体系的实验。表明主孔岩石的氧逸度相对较低，形成温度应在720℃以上。这些早期在岩浆分离结晶过程中形成的铁钛氧化物出溶体，在后来的超高压变质作用下可能发生再次固溶和因降温减压造成的出溶。     

固相萃取—高效液相色谱法快速测定土壤及水中莠去津

建立了分析土壤和水中的莠去津农药残留的反相高效液相色谱方法。使用去离子水对土壤中的莠去津进行提取，Sep—Pak C18反相固相萃取柱对土壤浸提液和水样进行富集、浓缩、纯化，并用1．5—2mL的甲醇洗脱，利用甲醇—水作为流动相，采用等梯度淋洗技术进行高效液相色谱分析。莠去津在土壤中不同添加水平回收率分别为87．0％—93．3％，水中则为97．3％—103．2％，介于80％—120％。莠去津的最小检出量为0．01ng，土壤和水中莠去津最低检出浓度分别为1．5ng／g和0．03μg／L水平。该方法由于用水提取及固相萃取技术的使用，使整个前处理过程有机试剂的使用量仅为数毫升，适用于监测环境中的莠去津农药污染。     

氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡—罗丹明B—水体系浮选分离铱

研究了Ir（Ⅲ）在NaCl存在下SnCl2－罗丹明B－水体系中的浮选行为，在1.0mol/L HCl介质中，Ir（Ⅲ）与Pd,Pt,Rh,Au同时被浮选，Ir（Ⅲ）的浮选率为99.2％，并与常见贱金属离子分离，被浮选分离的Ir可采用原子吸收法测定，结果与火试金分离富集法相符。精密度试验，相对标准偏差（RSD，n＝5）＜3％。     

难选氧化锌矿硫化焙烧-浮选试验

针对氧化锌矿浮选分离困难、选矿指标低的问题,提出氧化锌矿硫化焙烧-浮选技术方案。以硫磺为硫化剂,通过硫化焙烧,将氧化锌矿物转化为硫化锌矿物,再使用传统的硫化矿浮选法分选。试验原矿含锌5.13%,氧化率达86.55%,主要脉石矿物为石英和方解石。通过焙烧试验,确定最佳焙烧条件为硫磺添加量3%,焙烧温度650℃,焙烧时间60 min,磨矿细度-74μm占85%;然后通过闭路浮选试验,获得锌品位38.96%、锌回收率86.33%的锌精矿。     

聚乙二醇-硫酸铵-二溴羧基偶氮氯膦体系萃取分光光度法测定微量钯

研究了聚乙二醇-2000水溶液在硫酸铵存在下分为液-液两相的条件和二溴羧基偶氮氯膦与Pd（Ⅱ）反应生成的配合物在该萃取体系两相间的分配行为，实现了Pd（Ⅱ）的定量萃取分离。在此基础上建立了非有机溶剂液-液萃取分光光度法测定微量Pd（Ⅱ）的新方法。该方法的检出限为0．03mg／L，线性范围为0．09～2．0mg／L，在最佳实验条件下，萃取率达94％。方法用于铂钯二次精矿和人工合成样品中微量钯的测定，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=5）≤2．4％，加标回收率为96％-103％。     

C18固相膜萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中12种有机氯农药

利用C18固相萃取膜提取水样，气相色谱法（电子捕获检测器）测定饮用水中12种有机氯农药。对洗脱液、水样pH值、萃取压力等条件进行了优化选择，并与液-液萃取做了比较。结果表明，与液-液萃取相比，固相膜萃取具有操作简单、富集倍数高、节省溶剂和耗时短等优点，是萃取水中有机氯农药的有效方法。12种有机氯农药的回收率为85．97％～127．7％，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=5）为4．74％～12．2％，方法检出限为0．014～0．047μg/L。     

磷酸纤维素分离光度法测定矿石中铀

测定了不同浓度盐酸中铀(Ⅵ)对磷酸纤维素(PC)的分配系数,确定了用PC柱浓集分离铀的条件。用pH3至2mol·L~(-1)HCl作为流动相流经φin0.55×9cm的PC柱后,铀(Ⅵ)被定量吸附,然后以0.75—1.5％ Na_2CO_3溶液洗提铀。用偶氮胂Ⅲ光度法测定。方法已用于矿石中n×10~(-4)—n×10~(-1)％铀的测定。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)