TC21合金高温渗氢组织变化的研究

研究了α＋β型钛合金TC21锻态组织的高温渗氢行为，通过对合金渗氢前后和除氢后的显微组织观察发现，渗氢后大β相的数量明显增加，并有氢化物的生成；除氢后，晶粒组织得到细化，原始晶界变得模糊，其相应的硬度也发生了一定变化。分析了氢致组织细化的机理。     

热氢处理对两相钛合金及β钛合金加工态组织的影响

研究了热氢处理对两相钛合金TC21和β型钛合金Ti40加工态组织的影响。研究结果表明：两合金渗氢后β相的数量增加，渗氢量达到一定程度后，有氢化物生成，优先在晶界或位错处聚集，后逐渐扩散到晶粒内部；TC21合金氢处理后，微观组织得到了明显的细化，当氢含量为0．4％（质量分数）时，其细化效果最佳；对于Ti40合金，其细化效果不明显。     

IMPROVEMENT IN TENSILE PROPERTIES OF α+β TYPE Ti ALLOYS BY HYDROGEN TREATMENT

提出了一种新的细化α+β型钛合金显微组织的氢处理工艺:在合金的氢化β转变点以下0—40K的温度范围对合金渗氢处理,空冷至室温,最后在948K真空除氢。Ti-6Al-4V和Ti-5Al-2.5Fe合金经此工艺处理后,组织显著细化,屈服强度,拉伸强度及延伸率分别提高8—15％,5—13％,7—14％。     

通过氢处理改善α＋β型钛合金的拉伸性能

提出了一种新的细化α+β型钛合金显微组织的氢处理工艺:在合金的氢化β转变点以下0—40K的温度范围对合金渗氢处理,空冷至室温,最后在948K真空除氢。Ti-6Al-4V和Ti-5Al-2.5Fe合金经此工艺处理后,组织显著细化,屈服强度,拉伸强度及延伸率分别提高8—15％,5—13％,7—14％。     

临时合金元素氢对TC4钛合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用钨铼合金搅拌头对置氢0.1%,0.3%和0.5%(质量分数)的α+β双相TC4钛合金进行搅拌摩擦焊,通过焊后真空退火将氢从焊态接头中除去,研究了氢作为临时合金元素对TC4钛合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,氢含量对置氢钛合金焊态接头的微观组织和力学性能有很大影响。氢在焊接过程中几乎未从置氢钛合金中逸出并可以通过焊后真空退火除去。焊态接头中的亚稳相和含氢相在除氢过程中发生分解及转变,除氢后接头只由α及β两相组成,但焊态接头微观组织会影响除氢态接头中α和β两相比例及形态。氢含量越高,置氢钛合金本身的力学性能越低,其焊态接头的力学性能也越低。经过除氢处理后,不同氢含量的置氢钛合金性能得到恢复且趋向一致,其接头的性能差异也明显减小,而且除氢态接头的性能与未置氢钛合金接头的性能相当。     

氢含量对置氢TC21粉末热等静压制件组织与性能影响

采用置氢钛合金粉末热等静压成形与钛合金热氢处理技术相结合的新工艺路线制备合金,研究了置氢量对置氢TC21合金粉末热等静压制件组织性能的影响规律。结果表明:随置氢量增加,置氢TC21合金粉末热等静压后制品密度逐渐增大;热等静压后制品的组织呈片层状、α/β集束状和网篮状组织,退火除氢后原始组织中片状和长条状的α/β集束得到破碎、细化;热等静压制件真空退火后抗拉强度呈逐渐升高的趋势,其拉伸端口形貌由长条状和片状组织沿晶韧窝断裂特征,向网篮组织穿晶和沿晶共存的断裂过渡,且两种组织的断裂都具有延性特征。     

热氢处理对Ti600钛合金组织和性能的影响

针对近α型Ti600钛合金热加工抗力大、变形困难等问题,通过对实验样品分别进行5种不同氢含量的置氢处理和真空退火除氢,研究热氢处理过程中Ti600钛合金的组织结构演变和高温力学特性,探讨热氢处理对钛合金组织和高温力学行为等热加工工艺塑性的影响规律。研究表明,对于Ti600钛合金,热氢处理后合金出现不同程度的组织细化,置氢量在0.1%～0.5%范围内,热氢处理可有效提高Ti600近α型合金的热加工工艺塑性。     

共析处理及渗氢对铸造钛合金显微组织的影响

为了研究渗氢和固溶一共析处理这两个因素对铸造钛合金TC4显微组织的影响,对比分析了渗氢前后铸造钛舍金TC4经固溶一共析处理的显微组织。铸造钛合金TC4经固溶一共析处理后,XRD显示其析出相随共析处理保温时间的增加而增加,然而,在光学显微组织中观察不到析出相的增加,晶粒没有得到细化;渗氢铸造钛舍金TC4经固溶一共析处理后,显微组织得到一定的细化,其中共析处理8h的试样在光镜下可以看到析出相。     

超塑性钛合金的研究进展

简要介绍了国内外对α、α β、β钛合金以及金属基复合材料的超塑性研究，并介绍了合金的晶粒尺寸、微量元素氢对钛合金超塑性的影响。结果表明，细化晶粒后，合金的超塑性能得到很大提高，表现在超塑形变温度降低100℃以上，应变速率提高1～2个数量级。晶界扩散控制晶界滑动是低温超塑行为的主要机理。氢含量低时，合金的伸长率与原始合金板材的接近，氢的添加可使合金超塑性温度降低。另外还给出一些超塑性钛合金的应用情况。最后指出未来研究方向重点为先进材料超塑性的研究、低温高速超塑性的研究以及非理想超塑材料的超塑性变形规律的研究。     

氢处理对TA15钛合金焊缝组织和性能的影响

研究了不同氢处理工艺条件下TA15钛合金焊缝组织和力学性能,分析了其组织演化和性能变化的机理。利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、透射和扫描电镜等方法,研究了焊缝熔合区在氢处理过程中显微组织、相组成及力学性能的变化。结果表明,800℃／30min渗氢、水淬冷却后,熔合区中形成了占氢化物,形成了大量的针状α”斜方马氏体并保留部分亚稳β[H）相,α”和β（H）在共析处理过程中分解成α和δ氢化物。真空除氢后,焊缝粗大的晶粒得到了有效的细化。800℃／30min渗氢水淬＋300℃／8h共析处理＋除氢处理后,焊缝的抗拉强度略有降低,但塑性有所升高。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.