高抗冲导热绝缘PC/PE/Al2O3复合材料的制备与性能

以氧化铝(Al<,2>O<,3>)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)和聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)熔融共混挤出得到Al<,2>O<,3>导热绝缘母粒,然后再与聚碳酸酯(PC)熔融挤出的母料法(两步法)制得高抗冲导热绝缘PC俩/Al<,2>O<,3>(PE为LLDPE与PE-g-MAH)复合材料.探讨了相容刑种类...     

溶剂热法合成纳米Co3O4及其电容特性研究

以甲醇和水为混合溶剂,以NaNO<,3>为矿化剂,用溶剂热法合成了Co<,3>O<,4>.借助XRD和TEM对产物的物相和形貌进行了表征,通过循环伏安和恒流充放电测试对Co<,3>O<,4>电极的电化学性能进行了分析.结果表明,所得样品为30nm左右的立方状Co<,3>O<,4>,在1000次循环充放电的过程中,纳米C...     

镍铁合金镀液中硫酸镍含量的自动电位滴定

以紫脲酸铵作指示剂的EDTA滴定法在测量镍铁合金镀液中硫酸镍含量时肉眼观察易产生误差.为此,采用自动电位滴定法测定镍铁合金镀液中的硫酸镍含量,用H<,2>O<,2>将镀液中的Fe<'2+>转化为Fe<'3+>,再用三乙醇胺掩蔽Fe<'3+>,以pCa-1型钙离子选择性电极为指示电极,以212型电极为参比电极,在Ca-E...     

超临界流体干燥法制备TiO2/ Fe2O3 和TiO2/ Fe2O3/ SiO2 复合纳米粒子及光催化性能

以TiCl₄ 、Fe (NO₃ )₃·9H₂O 和Na₂SiO₃19H₂O 为原料, 采用溶胶凝胶法结合超临界流体干燥法(SCFD)制备了纳米级TiO₂/ Fe₂O₃ 和TiO₂/ Fe₂O₃/ SiO₂ 复合光催化剂。以光催化降解苯酚对所得催化剂的催化活性进行了评价。结果表明, 纳米TiO₂/ Fe₂O₃ 复合粒子与单组分TiO₂ 比较, 复合粒子光催化活性高于单组分的TiO₂, 6h 苯酚降解率高达95.9 %。SiO₂ 的加入可以抑制纳米粒子粒径的长大和晶相的转变, 增强TiO₂ 纳米粒子的热稳定性。复合光催化剂中Fe₂O₃ 最佳掺入量为0.06 %, SiO₂ 最佳掺入量为10 %(摩尔分数) 。并用XRD、TEM 和FTIR 等手段进行了表征。TiO₂ 以锐钛矿型形式存在, SiO₂ 以无定性形式存在。比较了不同制备方法制得的TiO₂/ Fe₂O₃ 复合光催化剂, 得出超临界干燥法制备的光催化剂具有粒径小、比表面积大、分散性好、光催化活性高等特点。采用超临界流体干燥可直接得锐钛型纳米复合光催化剂。     

Fe2+、Fe3+对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO系微晶玻璃析晶性能的影响规律

为了利用大量的含铁铝硅酸盐固体废弃物制备具有高附加值的微晶玻璃,采用DTA、XRD、SEM、 EDS等手段研究了Fe₂₊、Fe₃₊对CASM系微晶玻璃析晶性能的影响,结果表明,Fe₂₊在微晶玻璃中与Mgz+的 作用相同,取代以网络外体形式存在的Al₃₊,使得微晶玻璃的析晶温度逐渐下降,而对析晶能力几乎没有影 响,并当Fe₂₊掺入量为2%时,主晶相由铝黄长石转变为镁黄长石,在7.5%时,进一步转变为透辉石．Fe₃₊掺 量小于7.5%时,起到补充S14不足的作用,当大于7.5%时,部分Fe₃₊起到与Fe₂₊、Mg₂₊相同的作用,使得 析晶温度呈先升后降的变化,在掺量为7.5%时,铝黄长石主晶相才开始转变为镁黄长石,在10%对,转变为 透辉石,且析晶能力得到大幅提升．随着Fe₂₊和Fe₃₊含量增加,虽然微晶玻璃中主晶相的变化顺序相同,但 Fe₂₊具有降低微晶玻璃析晶温度的作用,而一定量的Fe₃₊可作为晶核剂提高微晶玻璃的析晶能力     

WO_3含量对Tm~(3+)掺杂TeO_2-WO_3-La_2O_3玻璃热学性能及光谱性质的影响

研究了(90-x)TeO₂-xWO₃-9La₂O₃-1Tm₂O₃(x=10、20、30(mol%))玻璃（以下简称TWL玻璃）的热学性能和光谱性质. 研究发现WO₃的增加可以提高TWL玻璃的热稳定性, 降低玻璃的热膨胀系数. WO₃含量为30mol%时, 玻璃化转变温度T_g达457℃, DTA曲线上无析晶开始温度T_x, 且热膨胀系数降为1.224×10^-5/℃(30～300℃). 玻璃的最大声子能量随WO₃的增加而略微增大. 用J-O理论计算了Tm³⁺离子在TWL玻璃中的光谱参数和部分能级的自发辐射几率、荧光分支比、辐射寿命. 用McCumber理论计算了Tm³⁺离子³F₄→³H₆跃迁的受激发射截面, 在60TeO₂-30WO₃-9La₂O₃-1Tm₂O₃玻璃中, Tm³⁺离子的最大受激发射截面达到9.6×10^-21cm2. 研究结果表明, 60TeO₂-30WO₃-10La₂O₃玻璃具有优良的热学性能和光谱性质, 是一种实现~2.0μm激光输出的理想玻璃基质材料.     

Fe2O3掺杂对ZnO-B2O3-P2O5-RnOm玻璃耐水性的影响

在ZnO-BO-P2O5-RnOm系统玻璃中分别掺杂1％～5％(摩尔分数)的Fe2O3,系统的分析了掺杂Fe2O3对玻璃的耐水性、流散性产生的影响,通过X射线衍射(XRD)谱分析了晶相的变化.研究表明:掺杂Fe2O3能显著的提高磷酸盐玻璃的耐水性,由于极易于分解的非桥氧P-O键与铁离子链接,生成具有良好耐水性的P-O-...     

Al2O3sf/AZ91D镁基复合材料等径角挤压变形机制研究

为了推动半固态加工在镁基复合材料成形中的应用,采用液态浸渗法制备了增强体体积分数为5%的Al<,2>O<,3sf>/AZ91D复合材料,并采用等径角挤压对其实施变形.利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸实验机分别对试样进行了组织观察和力学性能测试,并以此为基础探讨了复合材料在等径角挤压过程中的变形机制.研究表明:Al<,2>...     

Eu3+掺杂Nb2O5-La2O3-P2O5-Na2O-BaO玻璃的光谱性质

制备了χNb2O5-(10-χ)La2O3-60P2O5-10Na2O-19BaO-Eu2O3(以mol%记χ=9、7、5)的玻璃,测定了玻璃的吸收光谱、发射光谱、激发光谱、声子边带谱和差热分析曲线.从发射光谱出发获得了Eu3 光学跃迁的J-O参数Ω2、Ω4,并计算了Eu3 离子5DO→7FJ(J=1,2,4)的自发辐射跃迁几率A以及受激发射截面σp.结果显示,随着La2O3的增加和Nb2O5的减少,玻璃样品的热稳定性降低,强度参数Ω2减小,表明材料的对称性提高,共价性减弱,Eu-O键强减弱;随着La2O3的增加,电-声子偶合减弱,受激发射截面σp减小.     

P2O3-B2O3-Al2O3-SrO-BaO玻璃中Yb3+非辐射能量转移下Er3+离子的增强发射

本文研究了共掺Er3 +/Yb3 +P2 O3 -B2 O3 -Al2 O3 -SrO -BaO玻璃的能量转移过程。实验中制备了高掺杂Yb3 +离子的双掺Er3 +/Yb3 +的磷酸盐玻璃样品。在Er3 +/Yb3 +掺杂比率 >1 :1 8(mol% )时 ,观测到了基于Yb3 +离子至Er3 +离子能量转移下Er3 +( 4 I13 / 2 →4I15 / 2 )的增强发射和Yb3 +( 2 F7/ 2 →2 F5 / 2 )发射的减弱 ,当Yb3 +离子掺杂浓度超过 2 .1× 1 0 2 1ions/cm3 时 (Er3 +/Yb3 +≤ 1 :1 8,mol% ) ,由于Yb3 +离子的自淬灭效应 ,Er3 +离子的发射强度降低。实验中得到了Yb3 +离子的最佳掺杂浓度为1 .74× 1 0 2 1ions/cm3     

Plasma spraying of Al2O3 and Al2O3Y2O3

A microstructural study has been carried out of plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ and mixed and sintered Al₂O₃Y₂O₃. In order to ascertain the degree of metastability achieved by plasma spraying, these results are compared with a similar experiment utilizing a CO₂ laser for melting and the hammer-and-anvil technique for quenching of the same materials. X-ray diffraction methods were used to determine the obtained phases and crystal structures. In addition, transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the phases present and to study their morpology. The porosity was studied with both mercury intrusion porosimetry and small angle neutron scattering. The addition of Y₂O₃ is shown to decrease the porosity from 15% to 7.5%. Adhesion is likewise related to the addition of Y₂O₃ and it is seen that adhesion of the mixture is measurably improved over that of pure Al₂O₃. The implication of these results is discussed.     

Surface tension of PbO-B2O3 and Bi2O3-B2O3 glass melts

The surface tensions of xPbO-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 30–80 mol%) and xBi₂O₃-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 0–100 mol%) melts were measured using the ring method over the temperature range 973 to 1373 K. The compositional and temperature dependences of surface tension were investigated. Addition of PbO and Bi₂O₃ to B₂O₃ increased the surface tensions of their respective PbO-B₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The surface tension showed a maximum at 60 mol% PbO in the PbO-B₂O₃ melts and at 70–80 mol% Bi₂O₃ in the Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The temperature coefficient of surface tension was examined on the basis of its relationship to the structure, and it was suggested that the temperature coefficient of surface tension decreases with an increasing content of four-coordinated boron.     

Microstructure and Strength of Al2O3/Al2O3 Joints Bonded with ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramic

ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 （ZABS） glass powder was used as interlayer to join alumina ceramics. The effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of joints was investigated. The results showed that the ZABS glass can react with alumina substrate to form a layer of ZnAl2O4 at Al2O3/glass interface. Bending test exhibited that low joining temperature （1150℃） led to low joint strength due to the formation of pores in the interlayer, originated by high viscosity of the glass. High joining temperature （1250 ℃） also resulted in low joint strength, because of large CTE （coefficient of thermal expansion） mismatch between amorphous interlayer and alumina substrate. Therefore, only when the joining temperature was appropriate （1200℃）, defect-free interface and high joint strength can be obtained. The optimum joint strength reached 285 MPa, which was the same as the base material strength.     

Preparation of pressureless-sintered SiC-Y2O3-Al2O3

Sintering additives were prepared from aluminium hydroxide and yttrium hydroxide. These additives were soluble in water and resulted in a binder. A -SiC powder was mixed with the additive solution and sintered at 2150° C without pressure. The oxides formed from the additive promoted sintering. The sintered body contained no pores. Aluminium, silicon, and yttrium oxide were precipitated in the sintered body.     

Some physical properties of V2O5-Fe2O3 and V2O5-Fe2O3-Li2O systems

Various methods have been used to study the physical properties of the V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃ and V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃-Li₂O systems, including X-ray, electron microscope, Mössbauer effect, NMR and thermogravimetric measurements. The iron ions are approximately equally distributed in substitutional and interstitial sites in the V₂O₅ lattice. The maximum number of iron ions dissolved in the V₂O₅ matrix corresponds to 4 mol % Fe₂O₃. In all the samples a quantity of Fe₂O₃ which has not been included in lattice is observed. The V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃ and V₂O₅-Fe₂O₃-Li₂O systems are formed from solid solutions mixed with very small Fe₂O₃ particles. The analysis of the charge compensation of iron ions suggests that V₂O₅ is a quasi-amorphous semiconductor. Irradiation of V₂O₅-based samples with an electron beam induces the V₂O₅ platelets to convert to the VO _x phase.