数字伺服控制技术在正弦逆变控制中的应用

为提高正弦逆变电源的波形质量和系统的动静态响应性能,在正弦逆变控制中引入了数字伺服系统的控制原理.算法将逆变电源视为参考正弦波的伺服系统,内环利用系统状态反馈和极点配置来消除负载扰动,改善系统的动态性能;外环利用积分器以消除系统输出的静态误差,提高系统的静态性能.利用Matlab仿真软件对算法进行了在线仿真研究,并利用DSP微控制器构建的实验平台对算法进行了实验验证.结果表明,在采用该算法设计的控制器控制下,正弦逆变器的逆变输出稳定,波形畸变小,抗负载干扰能力强.     

A highly efficient single‐phase sine‐wave inverter with single‐switch high‐frequency modulation

This paper presents a highly efficient single‐phase sine‐wave inverter with single‐switch high‐frequency modulation. In this topology, a control circuit is connected at the lower arm of a full‐bridge inverter to control the output voltage across the full‐bridge inverter. The switch at the lower arm of the full‐bridge inverter controls the output voltage of the full‐bridge inverter by increasing or reducing the voltage level at the lower arm of the inverter. This switch of lower arm is controlled by a high‐frequency sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) switching signal, while the power switches of the full‐bridge inverter operate with a square‐wave switching signal at the line frequency to unfold DC–AC inversion, thus producing a sinusoidal voltage at the load. Both computer simulation and experiment are carried out to verify the performance of the proposed topology. Experimental results from a 1000‐W laboratory prototype are presented to testify and validate the analysis, design, and performance of the proposed topology. The results show that the proposed topology has nearly sinusoidal output voltage and current waveforms with a total harmonics distortion of less than 5%. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

基于DSP的正弦波逆变电源瞬时值反馈优化控制方法

正弦波逆变电源输出受到瞬时值反馈不及时的影响,导致电源输出均衡性较差。为了提高正弦波逆变电源的稳态控制能力,提出基于数字信号处理DSP（digital signal processing）的正弦波逆变电源瞬时值反馈优化控制方法,建立逆变电源系统基本结构,构建三相级联H桥控制电路,并完成控制电路的构建及电源电路的设计。在零序电压的反馈调节下,实现电源电压的平衡控制和电压自均衡耦合调节,利用电压自均衡耦合控制器对正弦波逆变电源的输出功率进行补偿抑制;利用DSP技术对电源输出信号进行反馈处理,得到瞬时值反馈的控制优化算法;对逆变电源控制系统的软件及硬件进行优化设计,完成基于DSP的正弦波逆变电源瞬时值反馈优化控制。测试结果表明,使用该方法进行正弦波逆变电源控制的输出增益较高、控制稳定性较好、对电源输出的电流纹波抑制能力较强,提高了电源的输出质量。     

一种新型的大功率高性能逆变电源控制方案

分析了采用双极PWM方式的带电流内环的电压控制系统的特性，提出了一种新型的适用于大功率高性能逆变电源的控制方案。该方案将单相全桥逆变器的二重化同步 PWM技术与多环反馈控制方法结合起来，使逆变电源在开关频率不高及频波器参数不大的情况下，输出电压仍然是低谐波含量的高品质正弦波，同时系统具有优异的稳压特性、动态特性、对非线性负载的适应性以及小的电压调制量。该控制方案的有效性已经 在单相30KVA逆变电源实验样机上得到证实。     

高性能单相电压型逆变器输出控制实验研究

针对单相电压型逆变器固有的输出电压幅值和相位落后于给定的问题,采用了一种多环反馈加前向通道前馈补偿的控制方案,该方案使逆变器在空载和负载下,其输出电压的幅值和相位均能完全跟踪正弦给定,同时使系统具有优异的稳压特性、动态特性和对非线性负载的适应性.介绍了该方案的理论依据,并搭建了一台2kVA的实验样机.实验结果证明了该方案的有效性.     

三相逆变电源高精度控制系统实验研究

针对传统三相桥式结构逆变电源不具备带不平衡负载能力的问题,研究了一种可带不平衡负载的三相逆变电源及其控制系统.该控制系统采用多环反馈结构,其中相位补偿控制使电源每一单相输出正弦波的相位严格跟踪该相给定标准正弦波的相位,从而实现了相位的精确控制.多环反馈控制系统的采用,使系统更具有优异的稳压特性、动态特性和对非线性负载的适应性.该控制系统的有效性已在1.5kVA逆变电源实验样机上得到证实.     

基于重复控制原理的正弦逆变控制

为提高正弦逆变电源的波形质量和系统动、静态响应性能,在正弦逆变控制中引入重复控制原理.该算法将逆变电源视作一个参考正弦信号的随动系统,建立了单相正弦逆变电源输出滤波单元数学模型.利用Madab仿真软件对算法进行了在线仿真研究,并利用DSP微控制器构建的实验平台对算法进行了实验验证.结果表明,在采用该算法所设计控制器的控制下,正弦逆变器逆变输出稳定、波形畸变小、静态抗负载干扰能力强.     

FPGA‐based implementation for improved control scheme of grid‐connected PV system with 3‐phase 3‐level NPC‐VSI

The large scale penetration of renewable energy resources has boosted the need of using improved control technique and modular power electronic converter structures for efficient and reliable operation of grid‐connected systems. This study investigates the performance of a grid‐connected 3‐phase 3‐level neutral‐point clamped voltage source inverter for renewable energy integration by using improved current control technique. For medium or high‐voltage grid interfacing, the multilevel inverter structure is generally used to reduce the voltage stress across the switching device as well as the harmonic distortion. The neutral‐point clamped voltage source inverter is controlled by using decoupling technique along with the proper grid synchronization via moving average filter–based phase‐locked loop. The moving average filter–based phase‐locked loop is used to reduce the delay in grid angle estimation under balanced as well as distorted grid conditions. A Lyapunov‐based approach for analysing the stability of the system has also been discussed. In this study, the hardware‐in‐loop (HIL) simulation of the control algorithm and the grid synchronization technique is realized using Virtex‐6 FPGA ML605 evaluation kit. The performance of the system is analyzed by conducting a time‐domain simulation in the Matlab/Simulink platform and its performance is examined in the HIL environment. The simulation and the hardware cosimulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

Realization of a New Inverter Circuit for Direct Photovoltaic Energy Feedback into the Public Grid

A new regulated utility interactive inverter for direct photovoltaic energy feedback to the mains has been realized. A modulated buck converter converts the photovoltaic dc current to a rectified 50-Hz sine wave current, and the following self-commutated half-bridge generates a 50-Hz sine wave current, which is fed into one phase of the public power grid. This nonclassical inverter needs only three power transistor switches and isolates the grid and the photovoltaic array using a commercial 50-Hz transformer. It acts as a current source, and due to pulsewidth modulation its output is a sine wave current with very low total harmonic distortion of one percent. The overall efficiency of the 1-kW prototype is at least 88 percent between 250 and 1000 W, and the projected efficiency is over 90 percent for 1-20 kW. Furthermore, a circuit which tracks the maximum power available from the photovoltaic generator has been developed. This circuit regulates the input power to its maximum by detecting the phase angle between the voltage and power ripples at the inverter input.     

一种模块化48脉冲大功率PWM逆变器

多脉冲逆变器通过移相变压器原副边移相角度的精确设计,可以在工频开关方式下,实现交流侧阶梯波输出,经过滤波得到高质量的正弦波形,但工频开关方式使其输出调压困难,而且随着脉冲数的提高,逆变器连接的变压器结构复杂,多个绕组之间的匝比难以兼顾,因此实际应用中多脉冲逆变器的通道数多在4以下。提出一种只有两个规格移相变压器结构的模块化48脉冲大功率PWM逆变器,该逆变器具有8个通道的三相逆变器和对应移相变压器组成,且每个三相逆变器采用低频PWM调制策略,实现输出电压调节。构建了一台8通道48脉冲的PWM逆变器样机,在各种运行状态下的输出波形以及相关测试数据验证了所提出的模块化多脉冲逆变器在输出波形、开关频率以及输出调节特性等方面的优势。     

基于SVPWM的数字化低频电源

低频电源是矿井交流提升减速和爬行阶段最重要的电气设备.介绍一种利用IGBT设计的数字化低频电源.该电源利用SVPWM控制使低频输出线电压较正弦波调制时提高15%,克服了正弦波输出电压不足,低频制动力矩小的缺点,并设计了能量回馈逆变桥,使电机发电运行时能量回馈电网,实现了电机的四象限运行.另外,与晶闸管低频电源相比,该电源具有体积小、重量轻、效率高、谐波小的优点.     

模糊自适应PID控制在逆变电源中的应用

为提高正弦逆变电源的波形质量和动态响应,在正弦逆变控制中引入模糊自适应PID控制技术。将逆变电源视作一个参考正弦信号的随动系统,建立了单相正弦逆变电源输出滤波单元数学模型,设计了模糊自适应PID控制器。利用Matlab/simulink仿真软件进行了仿真研究,结果表明,正弦逆变器逆变输出稳定、波形畸变小、对非线性负载有较好的适应性。     

逆变器电容和电感电流反馈方式的比较研究

研究了以电容电流作为反馈量的逆变器电流滞环控制方法,提出实现电路,并从理论、仿真和实验的角度与传统的电感电流反馈方式作比较。研究表明,采用电容电流反馈控制方式,可以使逆变系统的输出电压波形及负载特性得以有效改善。     

Dynamic modeling of a dual active bridge DC to DC converter with average current control and load‐current feed‐forward

Bidirectional power flow is needed in many power conversion systems like energy storage systems, regeneration systems, power converters for improvement of the power quality and some DC‐DC applications where bidirectional high power conversion and galvanic isolation are required. The dual active bridge (DAB) is an isolated, high voltage ratio DC‐DC converter suitable for high power density and high power applications, being a key interface between renewable energy sources and energy storage devices. This paper is focused on the modeling and control design of a DC‐DC system with battery storage based on a DAB converter with average current mode control of the output current and output voltage control. The dynamic response of the output voltage to load steps is improved by means of an additional load‐current feed‐forward control loop. An analytical study of the load‐current feed‐forward is presented and validated by means of both simulations and experimental results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dead Beat Microprocessor Control of PWM Inverter for Sinusoidal Output Waveform Synthesis

A new control technique based on dead beat control theory to obtain a nearly sinusoidal PWM inverter output voltage is described. The closed-loop digital feedback system measures the output and controls the inverter switches to generate the required pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) pattern to produce low total harmonic distortion (THD) sinusoidal output voltage. This scheme inherently provides very good voltage regulation, phase positioning, and compensation for load disturbances and nonlinear loads. A theoretical analysis, computer simulation, and experimental results for a single-phase bridge inverter controlled by an Intel 8086 microprocessor-based system is presented.     

减小单相交流系统静态不确定度的研究

对单相桥式电压型变频器的线路设计及结构作了较为详细的介绍,给出 了主要实验波形。并对相交流控制系统普遍存在的静态误差较大以及负载变动时引起输出电压波动的原因进行了分析,采用“内部模糊原理”来设计调节器以减小静态不确定度,采用正负反馈相结合的办法来抑制负载变动时控制对象极点的变化。     

基于改进SPWM控制的新型单级BUCK-BOOST逆变器

提出了一种新型的单级串联谐振型Buck-Boost逆变器，它能在一个功率级内产生峰值高于或低于输入直流电压的正弦交流电压。文中详细分析了所提逆变器的工作原理，并利用状态空间平均法建立了系统数学模型。基于断续导电模式，所提逆变器拓扑利用串联谐振单元实现所有开关的零电流开通和辅助开关的零电流关断，减小了开关损耗，提高了系统效率。为了改善逆变器的输出特性，提出一种改进的SPWM控制方法，该方法采用带直流偏置的正弦调制波，消除了线性近似法所导致的输出电压波形过零点附近的畸变。通过一台1kW原理样机的实验结果，验证了该变换器的优点和改进SPWM控制方法的有效性。     

带有源缓冲的单级单相电流型逆变器

为了实现单级升压逆变,提出了一种带有源缓冲的单级单相电流型PWM逆变器,及其状态量限定下的输出电压反馈复合单周期控制策略,并对构成这种逆变器的电路拓扑、控制策略、关键电路参数设计、系统建模和仿真等进行了深入分析和研究,获得了重要结论.该逆变器电路拓扑主要由储能电感、有源缓冲电路、电流型单相逆变桥构成,存在三种工作模式和...     

新型功率放大器时变滑模控制方案研究

该文针对一种新型双向Buck逆变器提出了基于时变滑模面的滑模控制策略。该逆变器采用了两组独立对称的双向Buck电路，结合滑模控制策略，实现高性能的交直流信号功率放大。该文给出了电路的工作原理，对时变滑模面方程进行数学建模分析，研究了线性时不变和时变滑模面的动态特性、滑模区域存在条件和稳定条件，并对产生正弦波信号的时变滑模控制系统进行了深入分析。滑模控制方案能有效克服系统参变量变化和外部扰动，充分发挥了快速响应和鲁棒性强的优点。功率放大器可以实现交流信号的准确跟踪和放大，输出频率范围可达1000赫兹。通过1千瓦的实验得出结果，证明了分析设计的正确性。